百香果果皮精油提取及香气成分分析

李程勋; 李爱萍; 徐晓俞; 郑开斌

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.04.018

百香果果皮精油提取及香气成分分析

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.04.018

李程勋^1,,
李爱萍^1, ,,
徐晓俞¹,
郑开斌^{1, 2, ,}

1.
福建省农业科学院作物研究所, 福建福州 350013
2.
福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所, 福建漳州 363005

基金项目:

福建省科技重大专项专题项目 2018NZ0003-2

详细信息

作者简介:
李程勋(1991-), 男, 硕士, 研究实习员, 研究方向:作物遗传品质育种与农产品天然产物提取(Email:1219513539@qq.com)

通讯作者:
李爱萍(1968-), 女, 研究员, 研究方向:作物遗传品质育种及农产品天然产物提取(E-mail:apl909@163.com)

郑开斌(1966-), 男, 博士, 研究员, 研究方向:作物遗传品质育种及农产品天然产物提取(E-mail:k03163@163.com)

中图分类号: TS255
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-11-20
- 修回日期: 2018-12-23
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-28

Extraction and Aromatics of Essential Oil from Passion Fruit Peels

LI Cheng-xun^1
,,
LI Ai-ping^{1
, ,},
XU Xiao-yu¹,
ZHENG Kai-bin^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Crop Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China
2.
Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363005, China

摘要

摘要: 目的提取百香果果皮精油，检测鉴定其香气成分，探讨百香果果皮精油的开发应用前景。方法通过水蒸气蒸馏法对百香果果皮精油成分进行提取，利用固相微萃取技术对样品进行采集，气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）法和计算机谱库对样品成分进行分离分析，结合人工谱图解析对百香果果皮精油成分进行鉴定。结果共检测出263种化学成分，通过面积归一化法确定了各化学成分的百分比含量，进一步归类得出：烃类相对含量为31.05%，酯类30.46%，酸类20.88%，醇类7.46%，醛类3.76%，酮类1.54%。百香果果皮精油中含有大量香气成分物质，包括己酸己酯、己酸叶醇酯、丁酸辛酯、丁酸叶醇酯、月桂酸乙酯、香茅醇、薄荷醇等。结论对精油成分进行分析，得出了百香果果皮精油香气成分丰富，不仅具有苹果、梨、橙子、甜瓜、柠檬、桃子、樱桃、柑橘、椰子等多种水果的香气成分，还具有多种草香、花香、坚果香、酒香和药香等香气成分，可以将百香果果皮精油制成香料，应用于食品、保健食品、化妆品中。
- 百香果果皮 /
- 精油成分 /
- GC-MS分析 /
- 香气成分
Abstract: Objective Essential oil was extracted from peels of passion fruits, and its aromatic compounds determined for potential applications. Method The essential oil was obtained using a steam extraction, and the volatiles collected by the solid phase micro extraction and analyzed by GC-MS with the aid of NIST/WILEY followed by verification with reference database. Result A total of 263 chemicals were detected that consisted of alkanes (31.05%), esters (30.46%), acids (20.88%), alcohols (7.46%), aldehydes (3.76%), and ketones (1.54%). The aromatics were hexyl caproate, hexanol hexanoate, octyl butyrate, geranyl butyrate, dodecanoic acid-ethyl ester, citronellol, menthol, etc. Conclusion In addition to the aromas of apple, pear, orange, melon, lemon, peach, cherry, citrus, and coconut, a variety of flavoring elements in grass, flower, nut, wine, and medicine were also existed in the essential oil. It appeared that the passion fruit peels could be utilized as raw material for making spices, food ingredients, health food, and/or cosmetics.
- passion fruit peel /
- volatile compounds /
- GC-MS /
- aromatics

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图 1 百香果果皮精油总离子流

Figure 1. Total ionic chromatogram of essential oil extracted from passion fruit peels

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图 2 百香果果皮精油化学成分分类

Figure 2. Classified chemicals in essential oil extracted from passion fruit peels

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表 1 百香果果皮精油化学成分

Table 1. Chemical composition of essential oil extracted from passion fruit peels

类别 Category		保留时间 Retention time/min	化学成分 Components	相对含量 Relative percentage/%
醛类 Aldehydes	1	8.437	(E, E)-2, 4-庚二烯醛2, 4-Heptadienal, (E, E)-	0.92
	2	1.914	3-糠醛3-Furaldehyde	0.47
	3	6.601	苯甲醛Benzaldehyde	0.39
	4	18.147	(E, E)-2, 4-癸二烯醛2, 4-Decadienal, (E, E)-	0.39
	5	10.085	反-2-辛烯醛Oct-2(E)-enal	0.31
	6	28.41	金合欢醛2, 6, 10-Dodecatrienal, 3, 7, 11-trimethyl-, (E, E)-	0.24
	7	25.634	十四醛三聚物Tetradecanal	0.18
	8	6.447	2-庚烯醛2-Heptenal, (Z)-	0.12
	9	19.408	2-十一烯醛2-Undecenal	0.12
酯类 Esters	1	20.008	己酸己酯Hexanoic acid, hexyl ester	6.50
	2	24.893	辛酸辛酯Caprylate	3.42
	3	24.726	3-辛烯酸-十二烷基酯3-Octenoic acid, dodecyl ester	2.23
	4	20.345	己烷酸-3-戊基酯Hexanoic acid, 3-pentyl ester	1.39
	5	20.073	丁酸辛酯Butyrate	1.35
	6	19.819	己酸叶醇酯Caproate <3(Z)-hexenyl->	1.25
	7	24.673	苯甲酸叶醇酯3-Hexen-1-ol, benzoate, (Z)-	1.16
	8	38.855	三氟乙酸酯Eicosyl trifluoroacetate	0.79
	9	32.397	软脂酸乙酯Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester	0.78
	10	23.516	3, 7-二甲基-6-辛烯醇丁酸酯Citronellyl butyrate	0.75
	11	24.467	己酸十二烯-9-炔酸酯Hexanoic acid, dodec-9-ynyl ester	0.75
	12	28.57	6, 10-二甲基-5, 9-十一烷二烯-2-醇乙酸酯5, 9-Undecadien-2-ol, 6, 10-dimethyl-	0.62
	13	19.732	R, R, R, (E)3, 7, 11, 15-四甲基-2-十六烯-1-醇乙酸酯Phytol acetate	0.61
	14	24.253	丁酸叶醇酯Geranyl butyrate	0.61
	15	23.641	顺丁基甲硫酸酯Carvyl tiglate, cis-	0.59
	16	27.122	水杨酸己酯n-Hexyl salicylate	0.50
	17	32.576	金合欢基丁酸甲酯Farnesyl butanoate	0.46
	18	34.111	油酸乙酯Ethyl Oleate	0.42
	19	22.249	丁烯酸-2-烯基酯Butanoic acid, undec-2-enyl ester	0.37
	20	26.871	己酸-2-烯基酯Hexanoic acid, undec-2-enyl ester	0.35
	21	2.619	苯氨基甲酸甲酯Carbamic acid, phenyl ester	0.35
	22	30.13	金合欢醇乙酸酯Farnesol, acetate	0.31
	23	28.63	己酸香叶酯Hexanoic acid, 3, 7-dimethyl-2, 6-octadienyl ester, (E)-	0.29
	24	34.191	(Z)-18-十八碳-烯内酯(Z)-18-Octadec-9-enolide	0.29
	25	31.505	棕榈酸甲酯Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester	0.27
	26	31.652	环十五内酯Oxacyclohexadecan-2-one	0.25
	27	29.039	苯甲酸苄酯Benzyl Benzoate	0.24
	28	36.324	环己基-十六环酸酯Hexadecanoic acid, cyclohexyl ester	0.22
	29	29.093	反-2, 顺6-壬二烯醇醋酸酯Nona-2(E), 6(Z)dienol acetate	0.20
	30	14.446	异丁酸己酯Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, hexyl ester	0.20
	31	20.453	丁烯酸甲酰基酯Butanoic acid, 1-methyloctyl ester	0.19
	32	25.163	月桂酸乙酯Dodecanoic acid, ethyl ester	0.19
	33	20.213	癸酸乙酯Decanoate	0.18
	34	28.134	戊二酸-3-氯苯基橙花酯Glutaric acid, 3-chlorophenyl neryl ester	0.16
	35	34.26	亚油酸乙酯Linoleic acid ethyl ester	0.16
	36	17.49	己酸-3-三烯丙酯Hexanoic acid, 3-tridecyl ester	0.14
	37	25.109	己酸-3-戊酯Hexanoic acid, 3-pentyl ester	0.12
	38	20.582	辛酸-2 -十五烷基酯Octanoic acid, 2-pentadecyl ester	0.12
	39	26.107	联苯菊酯Bifenthrin	0.11
	40	19.606	琥珀酸-二(2，4-二甲基-3-基)酯Succinic acid, di(2, 4-dimethylpent-3-yl) ester	0.10
酮类 Ketones	1	21.581	香叶基丙酮5, 9-Undecadien-2-one, 6, 10-dimethyl-, (E)-	0.36
	2	22.79	2-十三烷酮2-Tridecanone	0.22
	3	27.555	2-十五烷酮2-Pentadecanone	0.17
	4	11.281	(E，E)-3，5-辛二烯醇-2-酮3, 5-Octadien-2-one, (E, E)-	0.10
	5	30.277	植酮2-Pentadecanone, 6, 10, 14-trimethyl-	0.10
醇类 Alcohols	1	24.602	环己烷丙醇Cyclohexanepropanol-	1.92
	2	27.954	香茅醇Citronellol	0.96
	3	24.414	反式-橙花叔醇1, 6, 10-Dodecatrien-3-ol, 3, 7, 11-trimethyl-, (E)-	0.87
	4	35.445	二十六碳醇1-Hexacosanol	0.58
	5	37.143	二十五烷醇1-Pentacosanol	0.48
	6	34.673	橙花叔醇Nerolidol	0.42
	7	21.356	4-正丙基-4-庚醇4-Heptanol, 4-propyl-	0.27
	8	40.394	(全-E)-(.+/-.)-2，6，10，15，19，23-六甲基-1，6，10，14，18，22-四环素-3-醇1, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22-Tetracosahexaen-3-ol, 2, 6, 10, 15, 19, 23-hexamethyl-, (all-E)-(.+/-.)-	0.24
	9	19.657	6-甲基-乙酰-2-烯-4-醇6-Methyl-hept-2-en-4-ol	0.19
	10	43.888	1-十七烷醇Heptadecyl alcohol	0.17
	11	24.123	α-2-二甲基-2-(4-甲基-3-戊二酰基)-[1α(R), 2α]-环丙环乙醇Cyclopropanemethanol, .alpha., 2-dimethyl-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, [1.alpha.(R), 2.alpha.]-	0.15
	12	11.774	6-甲基双环-[3.2.0]乙酰-3-烯-2-醇6-Methylenebicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-2-one	0.14
	13	22.078	6-甲基-2-(4-甲基环氧-3-烯)七-1, 5-二苯基-4-醇6-Methyl-2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)hepta-1, 5-dien-4-ol	0.13
	14	35.699	薄荷醇Menthol	0.11
酸类 Acids	1	32.222	棕榈酸n-Hexadecanoic acid	16.10
	2	34.35	硬脂酸Octadecanoic acid	1.19
	3	28.899	十五烷酸Pentadecanoic acid	1.17
	4	31.779	(Z, Z, Z)-8, 11, 14-二十碳三烯酸8, 11, 14-Eicosatrienoic acid, (Z, Z, Z)-	1.16
	5	34.042	亚油酸9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)-	0.83
	6	14.055	辛酸Octanoic acid	0.19
烃类 Alkanes	1	41.145	正五十四烷Tetrapentacontane	14.69
	2	31.18	正二十烷Eicosane	2.64
	3	37.351	正三十六烷Hexatriacontane	2.55
	4	40.135	角鲨烯Squalene	1.42
	5	23.148	β-甜没药烯Bisabolene	1.25
	6	27.629	正二十一烷Heneicosane	0.85
	7	22.948	正十七烷Heptadecane	0.83
	8	40.926	二十九烯Nonacos-1-ene	0.71
	9	21.911	(3S, 4aS, 8aR)-1, 1, 3, 6-四甲基-3-乙烯基-3, 4, 4a, 7, 8, 8a-六氢-1H-异铬烯(3S, 4aS, 8aR)-1, 1, 3, 6-Tetramethyl-3-vinyl-3, 4, 4a, 7, 8, 8a-hexahydro-1H-isochromene	0.65
	10	22.352	(3S, 4aR, 8aS)-1, 1, 3, 6-四甲基-3-乙烯基-3, 4, 4a, 7, 8, 8a-六氢-1H-异铬烯(3S, 4aR, 8aS)-1, 1, 3, 6-Tetramethyl-3-vinyl-3, 4, 4a, 7, 8, 8a-hexahydro-1H-isochromene	0.59
	11	20.913	檀香花烯Santalene	0.56
	12	21.267	顺式-α-香柑油烯cis-.alpha.-Bergamotene	0.56
	13	30.793	1-十九碳烯1-Nonadecene	0.38
	14	25.019	十七烷基环氧乙烷Oxirane, heptadecyl-	0.34
	15	25.28	3-戊基-环己烯Cyclohexene, 3-pentyl-	0.32
	16	36.512	正二十四烷Tetracosane	0.30
	17	33.224	16-贝壳松烯Kaur-16-ene	0.28
	18	21.728	(E)-7, 11-二甲基-3-亚甲基-1, 6, 10-十二碳三烯Farnesene < (E)-, beta->	0.15
	19	9.071	双戊烯D-Limonene	0.14
	20	24.191	1-甲氧基-1, 9, 12, 15-八碳四烯1, 9, 12, 15-Octadecatetraene, 1-methoxy	0.13
	21	18.693	8-甲基-1-十一烯1-Undecene, 8-methyl-	0.12
	22	17.626	2, 6, 10, 10-四甲基-1-氧杂螺[4.5]癸-6-烯1-Oxaspiro[4.5]dec-6-ene, 2, 6, 10, 10-tetramethyl-	0.12
	23	11.172	2-甲基-1-苯基丙烯Benzene, (2-methyl-1-propenyl)-	0.12
	24	23.908	4-甲基二苯甲烷Benzene, 1-methyl-4-(phenylmethyl)-	0.12
	25	20.512	2，3，4，5-四甲基-1-(4-戊烯基)-1，3-环戊二烯1, 3-Cyclopentadiene, 2, 3, 4, 5-tetramethyl-1-(4-pentenyl)-	0.10
其他 Others	1	22.475	1-(1, 5-二甲基-4-己基)-4-甲基-苯Benzene, 1-(1, 5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4-methyl-	1.89
	2	19.147	1, 1, 6三甲基-1, 2二氢萘Naphthalene, 1, 2-dihydro-1, 1, 6-trimethyl-	0.55
	3	22.625	(+)-冰片(+)-Borneol	0.26
	4	16.066	十一烷酰氯Undecanoyl chloride	0.26
	5	22.718	十氢-4a-甲基-1-亚甲基-7-(1-甲基乙烯基)-萘Naphthalene, decahydro-4a-methyl-1-methylene-7-(1-methylethenyl)-, [4aR-(4a.alpha., 7.alpha., 8a.beta.)]-	0.26
	6	27.065	1, 6-二甲基-4-(1-甲基乙基)-萘Naphthalene, 1, 6-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-	0.20
	7	26.726	2-三丁基呋喃2-Tridecylfuran	0.20
	8	34.493	双酚A Phenol, 4, 4′-(1-methylethylidene)bis-	0.17
	9	27.739	2, 2′, 5, 5′-四甲基-1, 1′-联苯1, 1′-Biphenyl, 2, 2′, 5, 5′-tetramethyl-	0.14
	10	27.283	3，4-二乙基-1，1′-联苯1, 1′-Biphenyl, 3, 4-diethyl-	0.11
			含量低于0.1%的成分	5.74

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百香果果皮精油提取及香气成分分析

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.04.018

作者简介:
李程勋(1991-), 男, 硕士, 研究实习员, 研究方向:作物遗传品质育种与农产品天然产物提取(Email:1219513539@qq.com)

通讯作者:
李爱萍(1968-), 女, 研究员, 研究方向:作物遗传品质育种及农产品天然产物提取(E-mail:apl909@163.com)

郑开斌(1966-), 男, 博士, 研究员, 研究方向:作物遗传品质育种及农产品天然产物提取(E-mail:k03163@163.com)

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Extraction and Aromatics of Essential Oil from Passion Fruit Peels

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留言板

百香果果皮精油提取及香气成分分析

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.04.018

作者简介: 李程勋(1991-), 男, 硕士, 研究实习员, 研究方向:作物遗传品质育种与农产品天然产物提取(Email:1219513539@qq.com)

通讯作者: 李爱萍(1968-), 女, 研究员, 研究方向:作物遗传品质育种及农产品天然产物提取(E-mail:apl909@163.com) 郑开斌(1966-), 男, 博士, 研究员, 研究方向:作物遗传品质育种及农产品天然产物提取(E-mail:k03163@163.com)

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Extraction and Aromatics of Essential Oil from Passion Fruit Peels

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出版历程

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作者简介:
李程勋(1991-), 男, 硕士, 研究实习员, 研究方向:作物遗传品质育种与农产品天然产物提取(Email:1219513539@qq.com)

通讯作者:
李爱萍(1968-), 女, 研究员, 研究方向:作物遗传品质育种及农产品天然产物提取(E-mail:apl909@163.com)

郑开斌(1966-), 男, 博士, 研究员, 研究方向:作物遗传品质育种及农产品天然产物提取(E-mail:k03163@163.com)