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低温冷藏对大马士革玫瑰花水香气成分的影响

李程勋 李爱萍 徐晓俞 郑开斌

李程勋,李爱萍,徐晓俞,等. 低温冷藏对大马士革玫瑰花水香气成分的影响 [J]. 福建农业学报,2020,35(2):178−186 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.02.008
引用本文: 李程勋,李爱萍,徐晓俞,等. 低温冷藏对大马士革玫瑰花水香气成分的影响 [J]. 福建农业学报,2020,35(2):178−186 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.02.008
LI C X, LI A P, XU X Y, et al. Effect of Refrigeration on Aromatics in Rose damascene Floral Water Extract [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2020,35(2):178−186 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.02.008
Citation: LI C X, LI A P, XU X Y, et al. Effect of Refrigeration on Aromatics in Rose damascene Floral Water Extract [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2020,35(2):178−186 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.02.008

低温冷藏对大马士革玫瑰花水香气成分的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.02.008
基金项目: 福建省科技重大专项专题项目(2018NZ0003-2);福建省农业科学院自由探索科技创新项目(ZYTS2019006)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李程勋(1991−),男,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:作物遗传品质育种及农产品天然产物提取(Email:1219513539@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    李爱萍(1968−),女,研究员,研究方向:作物遗传品质育种及农产品天然产物提取(E-mail:apl909@163.com

    郑开斌(1966−),男,博士,研究员,研究方向:作物遗传品质育种及农产品天然产物提取(E-mail:k03163@163.com

  • 中图分类号: S 379.2

Effect of Refrigeration on Aromatics in Rose damascene Floral Water Extract

  • 摘要:   目的  探讨低温冷藏对大马士革玫瑰鲜花花水香气成分的影响,为大马士革玫瑰鲜花贮藏提供可行的方法依据。  方法  采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取玫瑰花花水,依次收集不同时段的蒸馏液。采用固相微萃取技术取样,气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析,对各蒸馏液中的香气成分进行鉴定和定量分析。  结果  低温冷藏的大马士革玫瑰花和大马士革玫瑰鲜花花水都具有玫瑰特征香气,二者在各个收集时段各类化合物的分布上差异不大。苯乙醇、香茅醇、橙花醇和香叶醇是玫瑰花标志性香气成分,低温冷藏对花水成分中的苯乙醇和香茅醇影响不大,可能使香叶醇转化成了橙花醇。低温冷藏会减少花水中萜烯类成分的数量和酮类化合物甲基庚烯酮的相对含量,增加柠檬醛的相对含量,增加了花水的香气品质但影响花水的储藏时间。低温冷藏对花水酯类、酚类等其他成分的影响较小。  结论  低温冷藏处理对大马士革玫瑰花水的香气成分影响不大,可作为大马士革玫瑰鲜花的适宜贮藏方法。
  • 图  1  第一时段收集的冷藏大马士革玫瑰花花水(A)香气成分总离子流图

    Figure  1.  Total ionic chromatogram of aromatics in 1st hourly collected water extract from refrigerated roses (A)

    图  2  第二时段收集的冷藏大马士革玫瑰花花水(A)香气成分总离子流图

    Figure  2.  Total ionic chromatogram of aromatics in 2nd hourly collected water extract from refrigerated roses (A)

    图  3  第三时段收集的大马士革玫瑰冷藏花花水(A)香气成分总离子流图

    Figure  3.  Total ionic chromatogram of aromatics in 3rd hourly collected water extract from refrigerated roses (A)

    图  4  第四时段收集的冷藏大马士革玫瑰花花水(A)香气成分总离子流图

    Figure  4.  Total ionic chromatogram of aromatics in 4th hourly collected water extract from refrigerated roses (A)

    图  5  第一时段收集的大马士革玫瑰鲜花花水(B)香气成分总离子流图

    Figure  5.  Total ionic chromatogram of aromatics in 1st hourly collected water extract from fresh roses (B)

    图  6  第二时段收集的大马士革玫瑰鲜花花水(B)香气成分总离子流图

    Figure  6.  Total ionic chromatogram of aromatics in 2nd hourly collected water extract from fresh roses (B)

    图  7  第三时段收集的大马士革玫瑰鲜花花水(B)香气成分总离子流图

    Figure  7.  Total ionic chromatogram of aromatics in 3rd hourly collected water extract from fresh roses (B)

    图  8  第四时段收集的大马士革玫瑰鲜花花水(B)香气成分总离子流图

    Figure  8.  Total ionic chromatogram of aromatics in 4th hourly collected water extracted from fresh roses (B)

    表  1  不同收集时段大马士革玫瑰花水香气成分及其相对含量

    Table  1.   Compositions and relative contents of aromatics in R. damascene extracts collected at different time

    种类
    Types
    编号
    Number
    成分
    Components
    保留时间
    Retention time/min
    相对含量 Relative percentage/%
    A B
    时段1
    First period
    时段2
    Second period
    时段3
    Third period
    时段4
    Fourth period
    时段1
    First period
    时段2
    Second period
    时段3
    Third period
    时段4
    Fourth period
    醇类
    Alcohols
    1 芳樟醇
    Linalool
    13.782 2 0.294 1 2.003 9 2.075 5 4.629 4 0.430 6 3.134 1 4.228 3 3.232 4
    2 苯乙醇
    Phenylethyl alcohol
    14.500 8 16.843 5 37.485 8 29.138 2 40.225 2 23.272 2 27.059 5 30.758 0 38.346 4
    3 4-萜烯醇
    Terpinen-4-ol
    16.369 3 0.186 2 0.150 8 0.173 1 0.107 1 0.117 6
    4 α-松油醇
    α-Terpinol
    16.848 6 0.053 3 0.168 7 0.106 5
    5 香茅醇
    Citronellol
    18.195 8 36.823 1 45.901 8 52.624 4 36.823 2 46.676 0 47.713 8 48.465 0 9.833 7
    6 橙花醇
    Nerol
    19.160 2 15.409 1 6.296 5 4.371 5
    7 香叶醇
    Geraniol
    19.130 1 3.122 4 14.628 9 0.073 5 6.303 8
    8 正己醇
    Hexanol
    6.889 3 0.006 6 0.003 0
    9 苯甲醇
    Benzyl alcohol
    11.847 9 0.054 8 0.019 4 0.127 9
    10 p-乙酸松油醇
    p-Acetic acid terpineol
    16.836 4 0.211 3 0.231 6
    萜烯类
    Terpenes
    11 月桂烯
    Myrcene
    10.350 7 0.245 9 0.062 8
    12 萜品油烯
    Terpinolene
    16.884 3 0.042 0
    13 2,6-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯
    2,6-Dimethyl-2,6-octadiene
    23.867 1 0.131 6 0.283 4 0.214 0
    14 萜品烯
    1,4-Cyclohexadiene
    11.722 1 0.074 0
    15 2-蒎烯
    2-Pinene
    10.332 7 0.044 1
    16 4-蒈烯
    4-Carene
    11.758 0 0.013 8
    17 2,6-二甲基-1,5-庚二烯
    2,6-Dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene
    15.135 6 0.081 5
    18 甲基乙基环戊烯
    Methyl ethyl cyclopentene
    16.255 5 0.246 6
    19 莰烯
    Camphene
    11.704 3 0.113 7
    20 罗勒烯
    Ocimene
    12.081 6 0.108 0
    醛类
    Aldehydes
    21 苯乙醛
    Phenylacetaldehyde
    12.111 4 0.153 3
    22 (Z)-柠檬醛
    (Z)-citral
    18.519 2 2.946 7 1.216 0 0.808 2 1.862 4 0.534 3 0.459 0
    23 (E)-柠檬醛
    (E)-citral
    19.722 9 4.732 2 1.683 8 0.636 8 2.655 6 0.490 9 0.352 9
    24 水茴香醛
    Phellandral
    15.680 6 0.172 9
    酯类
    Esters
    25 乙酸香叶酯
    Geranyl acetate
    25.813 4 0.134 9
    26 异丁酸香茅酯
    Citronellyl isobutyrate
    21.549 5 0.027 3
    27 丁酸香叶酯
    Geranyl butyrate
    24.453 9 0.075 3
    28 甲酸香叶酯
    Geranyl formate
    25.891 2 0.059 3 5.878 3 0.167 4
    29 香叶酸甲酯
    Methyl geranate
    22.178 3 0.028 2 0.029 2 0.263 1 0.142 6
    30 甲酸香草酯
    Citronellyl formate
    18.321 8 9.129 7 0.245 3 0.439 1
    酚类
    Phenols
    31 丁香酚
    Eugenol
    24.184 4 0.201 7 0.156 6
    32 甲基丁香酚
    Methyl eugenol
    27.705 8 0.185 3 0.303 7 0.144 9
    33 异丁香酚
    Isoeugenol
    24.316 4 0.001 1
    烷类
    Alkanes
    34 3-甲基-双环[4.1.0]庚烷
    3-Methyl-bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane
    16.243 7 0.343 2
    35 丙基-环丙烷
    Propyl-cyclopropane
    6.841 4 0.009 0
    36 十六烷
    Hexadecane
    47.618 0 0.062 4
    37 双环[2.2.2]辛烷
    Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane
    15.668 8 0.244 2
    38 乙烯基环己烷
    Vinylcyclohexane
    16.231 5 0.158 9
    39 二苯甲烷
    Diphenyl methane
    15.656 7 0.140 4
    酮类
    Ketones
    40 甲基庚烯酮
    Methylheptenone
    10.153 1 8.545 3 1.592 9 29.104 8
    其他
    Others
    41 玫瑰醚
    Rose oxide
    14.099 6 0.071 3 0.864 5 0.306 9 0.679 0 0.063 6 0.435 5 0.223 5
    42 橙花醚
    Nerolin
    15.405 1 0.053 8 0.260 3 0.167 1 0.056 0 0.243 2 0.195 5
    43 2-苯乙基-环丙基甲酸
    2-Phenylethyl-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid
    18.956 4 0.231 2
    合计
    Total
    88.266 5 96.341 3 92.751 85.479 2 91.822 8 93.078 3 93.278 80.956 4
    注:A为低温冷藏大马士革玫瑰花花水;B为大马士革玫瑰鲜花花水
    Note: A is rose water extracted from subzero Rose damascene flowers; B is rose water extracted from Rose damascene fresh flowers
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同收集时段大马士革玫瑰花水香气成分种类数量

    Table  2.   Distribution of aromatics in R. damascene extracts collected at different time

    收集时段
    Collection periods
    种类数量 Types and amount/个
    醇类
    Alcohols
    萜烯类
    Terpenes
    醛类
    Aldehydes
    酯类
    Esters
    酮类
    Ketones
    酚类
    Phenols
    烷类
    Alkanes
    其他类
    Others
    合计
    Total
    A时段1 First period842332224
    时段2 Second period6232213
    时段3 Third period5121211
    时段4 Fourth period415
    B时段1 First period784421228
    时段2 Second period7211213
    时段3 Third period621111214
    时段4 Fourth period3115
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同收集时段大马士革玫瑰花水香气成分的种类相对含量

    Table  3.   Types and relative contents of aromatics in R. damascene extracts collected at different time

    收集时段
    Collection periods
    相对含量 Relative percentage/%
    醇类
    Alcohols
    萜烯类
    Terpenes
    醛类
    Aldehydes
    酯类
    Esters
    酮类
    Ketones
    酚类
    Phenols
    烷类
    Alkanes
    其他类
    Others
    合计
    Total
    A时段1 First period69.670 60.599 27.678 99.217 20.388 10.587 40.125 188.266 5
    时段2 Second period85.773 02.899 86.244 40.299 31.124 896.341 3
    时段3 Third period90.303 30.283 41.445 00.245 30.474 092.751 0
    时段4 Fourth period84.800 20.679 085.479 2
    B时段1 First period85.311 70.778 84.844 20.299 20.460 30.009 00.119 691.822 8
    时段2 Second period82.566 01.025 20.263 18.545 30.678 793.078 3
    时段3 Third period90.104 30.811 90.142 61.592 90.144 90.062 40.419 093.278 0
    时段4 Fourth period51.412 50.439 129.104 880.956 4
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2019-10-16
  • 修回日期:  2019-11-25
  • 刊出日期:  2020-02-01

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