Moving Behavior of Adult Brown Planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens
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摘要:
目的 研究褐飞虱的移动行为规律，为褐飞虱行为调控防治提供新思路和理论支持。 方法 以室内续代饲养的稻飞虱品系为研究对象，采用自制的移动计数装置，对长翅和短翅两个性别褐飞虱成虫的移动行为规律进行了观察研究。 结果 4个虫态成虫的移动时间分布、移动量和移动昼夜比例等均存在明显差异。雄性成虫的移动频率显著高于雌性，其中长翅雄性成虫的移动总量最高，平均为1 290次；短翅雌性成虫最低，为480.7次。雄性成虫夜间移动量高于白天，而雌性特别是短翅型雌性成虫夜间移动量仅占0.36。 结论 褐飞虱成虫的移动行为具有一定规律，雌、雄成虫移动行为差异明显。根据4类成虫的移动行为差异和特点，通过人为方法干扰或抑制其移动行为，可能会影响到褐飞虱的迁飞和求偶活动，从而降低种群数量达到防治的目的。 Abstract:Objective Moving behavior of brown planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens, one of the worst pests in rice fields, were studied. Method The moving behavior of adult macropterous as well as brachypterous male and female brown planthoppers were observed with a motion sensor and an automatic counter in an enclosed chamber. Result The 4 categories of brown planthoppers displayed significantly different patterns of motions. The males moved significantly more frequently than the females. The macropterous males were most active at 1290.0±11.93 times totally during the observation, while the brachypterous females at the minimum of 480.7±19.36.The males tended to move more frequently at night than during daytime; whereas, the females, under day light, particularly the brachypterous females which devoted only 36% of the activity at night. Conclusion There appeared repeat patterns for the different categories of brown planthoppers in moving around that could be of value for the pest control. -
Key words:
- behavioral pattern /
- wing type /
- sex difference /
- pest behavioral regulation
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图 1 褐飞虱移动计数装置结构
注：a 为水稻幼苗；b 为红外光栅感应装置；c 为石英玻璃罩；d 为湿润棉花；e 为待测成虫；f 为红外光栅；g 为总量数字显示管；h 为计时数字显示管；i 为分时计数数字显示管。
Figure 1. Counting device for insect moving behavior
Note: a-rice seedlings; b-infrared grating sensor; c-quartz glass cover; d-wet cotton ball; e-tested insects; f-infrared rays; g-total number display; h-time display; and, I-hourly number display.
图 2 长翅雄性褐飞虱成虫各时段移动率
注：A为1、2日，B为3、4日，C为5、6日。图中阴影区域为夜间(无光照)时段；移动率=各时段移动量/当日移动总量。图 3~5同。
Figure 2. Hourly moving frequency of adult macropterous N. lugens males
Note:A.1, 2 d, B.3, 4 d, C.5, 6 d.Note: Shadow areas represent activities taken place in artificial night (without light); moving rate=moving frequency in an hour/total times of moving in a day.The same as Fig. 3-5.
图 3 长翅雌性褐飞虱成虫各时段移动率
Figure 3. Hourly moving frequency of adult macropterous N. lugens females
图 4 短翅雄性褐飞虱成虫各时段移动率
Figure 4. Hourly moving frequency of adult brachypterous N. lugens males
图 5 短翅雌性褐飞虱成虫各时段移动率
Figure 5. Hourly moving frequency of adult brachypterous N. lugens females
图 6 褐飞虱成虫单日移动量比较
Figure 6. Daily moving behaviors of adult N. lugens in different categories
图 7 褐飞虱昼夜分布比例比较
注：夜间移动比例=每日夜间移动量/日移动总量。
Figure 7. Ratios of day/night moving counts of adult N. lugens in different categories
Note: Nighttime moving rate = moving frequency at night/total moving counts on a same day.
表 1 褐飞虱成虫日移动差异比较
Table 1. Daily moving behaviors of adult N. lugens in different categories
变量
Source of VariationF值
F-ValueP值
P-Value组内变异 Within subject variation 观察时期 Observing time 5.097 0.004 观察时期*翅型 Observing time*Wing type 0.990 0.394 观察时期*性别 Observing time*Sex 3.842 0.014 观察时期*翅型*性别 Observing time*Wing type*Sex 1.115 0.037 组间变异 Between subject variation 翅型 Wing type 1.720 0.226 性别 Sex 11.649 0.009 翅型*性别 Wing type*Sex 2.646 0.142 注：重复测量方差分析，经球形检验P＜0.05，采用Huynh-Feldt方法进行校正。
Note: Repetitive measurement and analysis of variance (RMANOVA), as the Mauchly's Test of Sphericity showed that P＜0.05, a Huynh-Feldtcorrection method was used.
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表 2 褐飞虱成虫移动总量差异比较
Table 2. Total moving counts of adult N. lugens in different categories
虫态
Insect state白天(光照)移动总量
Total moving events in daytime夜间(无光照)移动总量
Total moving events in darkness移动总量
Total moving events夜间移动比例
Moving ratio in darkness长翅雄性成虫 Adult macropterous males 521.7±2.26 a 768.3±10.82a 1290.0±11.93a 0.59±0.030 长翅雌性成虫 Adult macropterous females 213.3±12.18 c 213.3±10.92c 426.7±23.03c 0.51±0.045 短翅雄性成虫 Adult brachypterous males 366.3±8.46ab 420.3±3.08b 786.7±11.21b 0.55±0.044 短翅雌性成虫 Adult brachypterous females 300.3±10.75 bc 180.3±8.97c 480.7±19.36c 0.36±0.065 注：同一列标记字母不同者为差异显著(LSD多重比较，P＜0.05)。*夜间移动比例=每日夜间移动量/日移动总量。
Note: Different letters within the same column represent significant differences, LSD, P＜0.05.*The moving ratio in nighttime = the number of moving events in the nighttime of the day/the whole day amount of moving events.
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