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竹叶兰种子无菌萌发与组培快繁研究

夏春英 谢小敏 刘江枫 郑诚乐

夏春英,谢小敏,刘江枫,等. 竹叶兰种子无菌萌发与组培快繁研究 [J]. 福建农业学报,2020,35(11):1215−1221 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.006
引用本文: 夏春英,谢小敏,刘江枫,等. 竹叶兰种子无菌萌发与组培快繁研究 [J]. 福建农业学报,2020,35(11):1215−1221 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.006
XIA C Y, XIE X M, LIU J F, et al. Optimization of Media for Seed Germination and Propagation of Arundina graminifolia [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2020,35(11):1215−1221 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.006
Citation: XIA C Y, XIE X M, LIU J F, et al. Optimization of Media for Seed Germination and Propagation of Arundina graminifolia [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2020,35(11):1215−1221 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.006

竹叶兰种子无菌萌发与组培快繁研究

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.006
基金项目: 福州市园林局科研项目(201404)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    夏春英(1996−),女,硕士,研究方向:花卉与景观园艺(E-mail:1144179784@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    郑诚乐(1963−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:花卉与景观园艺、果树栽培生理与生化(E-mail:zcl2003@126.com

  • 中图分类号: S 682.31

Optimization of Media for Seed Germination and Propagation of Arundina graminifolia

  • 摘要:   目的  筛选出竹叶兰各生长阶段适宜的培养基配方,建立竹叶兰组培快繁体系。  方法  以竹叶兰种子为材料,采用1/2 MS固体培养基,设计正交试验比较不同种类植物生长调节剂和添加物的浓度配比对竹叶兰种子无菌萌发、芽增殖生根等关键环节的影响。  结果  (1)竹叶兰种子萌发的最适培养基为1/2 MS+琼脂7 g·L−1+蔗糖30.0 g·L−1+活性炭1 g·L−1+椰子乳100 mL·L−1+NAA 1.0 mg·L−1+6-BA 2.0 mg·L−1+花宝1号0.5 g·L−1,萌发率达83.79%;(2)芽增殖的最适培养基为1/2 MS+琼脂7 g·L−1+蔗糖30 g·L−1+活性炭1 g·L−1+IBA 1 mg·L−1+6-BA 3 mg·L−1+NAA 0.5 mg·L−1+100 g·L−1土豆泥,增殖率1.36;(3)芽生根培养的最适培养基为1/2 MS+琼脂7 g·L−1+蔗糖30 g·L−1+活性炭1 g·L−1+IBA 0.2 mg·L−1+6-BA 2 mg·L−1+NAA (0.2~0.5) mg·L−1+100 g·L−1香蕉泥;(4)炼苗移栽的最适培养基质为珍珠岩 泥炭土=1 1,成活率高达98%,移栽效果良好。  结论  适宜的椰子乳有利于竹叶兰种子无菌萌发,通过正交试验所建立的竹叶兰组培快繁体系,可为竹叶兰野生种质资源的保护和开发利用提供保障。
  • 图  1  竹叶兰种子萌发

    注:A.种胚变绿;B.种胚突破种皮形成带芽原球茎;C.未生根实生苗

    Figure  1.  Seed germination of A. graminifolia

    Note: A: Embryo turned green in color; B: Embryo broke through seed coat and formed protocorm; C: Seedlings prior to rooting.

    表  1  不同培养基组分对竹叶兰种子萌发的影响

    Table  1.   Effect of formulated media on A. graminifolia seed germination

    处理
    Treatment
    椰子乳含量
    Content of Coconut milk/
    (mL·L−1
    NAA含量
    Content of NAA/
    (mg·L−1
    6-BA 含量
    6-BA/(Content
    of 6-BA/(mg·L−1
    花宝1号含量
    Content of Hua-bao
    No.1/(g·L−1
    萌发率
    Germination
    rate/%
    1 50 0.1 1.5 0.5 72.68±1.48 ab
    2 50 0.5 2 1 73.72±8.28 ab
    3 50 1 2.5 1.5 75.44±4.76 a
    4 100 0.1 2.5 1 73.84±0.42 ab
    5 100 0.5 1.5 1.5 76.60±4.07 a
    6 100 1 2 0.5 83.79±5.06 a
    7 150 0.1 2 1.5 60.36±6.58 bc
    8 150 0.5 2.5 0.5 52.01±7.75 c
    9 150 1 1.5 1 59.97±8.55 bc
    K1 221.84 206.88 209.26 208.48 T=628.41
    K2 234.23 202.32 217.87 207.52
    K3 172.34 219.21 201.29 212.41
    k1 73.95 a 68.96 b 69.75 b 69.49 b
    k2 78.08 a 67.44 b 72.62 a 69.17 b
    k3 57.45 b 73.07 a 67.10 b 70.80 a
    R 20.63 5.63 5.53 0.32
    注:数据后不同小写字母表示差异达0.05显著水平。表25同。
    Note: Data with different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level. Same for Table 2-5.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同培养基组分对芽增殖的影响

    Table  2.   Effect of formulated media on A. graminifolia bud proliferation

    处理
    Treatment
    IBA含量
    Content of IBA/
    (mg·L−1
    6-BA含量
    Content of 6-BA/
    (mg·L−1
    NAA含量
    Content of NAA/
    (mg·L−1
    添加物
    Additives
    增殖系数
    Proliferation rate
    10.210.211.160±0.652 a
    20.220.521.153±1.058 a
    30.23131.247±0.997 a
    40.510.531.020±0.905 a
    50.52110.853±0.545 a
    60.530.221.007±0.901 a
    711121.233±1.253 a
    8120.211.120±0.687 a
    9130.531.360±0.823 a
    K13.5603.4133.2873.133T=10.153
    K22.8803.1273.5333.393
    K33.7133.6133.3333.627
    k11.187 a1.138 a1.096 a1.044 a
    k20.960 b1.042 a1.178 a1.131 a
    k31.238 a1.204 a1.111 a1.209 a
    R0.2780.1620.0820.164
    注:添加物1为100 g·L−1香蕉泥;添加物2为50 g·L−1香蕉泥+50 g·L−1土豆泥;添加物3为100 g·L−1土豆泥。表3同。
    Note: Additive 1: 100 g banana puree·L−1; Additive 2: 50 g banana puree·L−1 + 50 g mashed potatoes·L−1; Additive 3: 100 g mashed potatoes·L−1. Same for Table 3.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同培养基组分对芽生根的影响

    Table  3.   Effect of formulated media on rooting of A. graminifolia

    处理
    Treatment
    IBA
    Content of IBA/
    (mg·L−1
    6-BA含量
    Content of 6-BA/
    (mg·L−1
    NAA含量
    Content of NAA/
    (mg·L−1
    添加物
    Additives
    生根数
    Number of
    rootingoting
    根长
    Root length/
    cmth/cm
    1 0.2 1 0.2 1 3.273±1.668 a 2.221±1.362 a
    2 0.2 2 0.5 2 2.600±1.268 ab 2.617±1.473 a
    3 0.2 3 1 3 1.120±1.263 c 1.286±1.523 b
    4 0.5 1 0.5 3 0.813±0.830 c 0.719±0.790 bc
    5 0.5 2 1 1 0.847±0.954 c 0.341±0.369 c
    6 0.5 3 0.2 2 0.693±0.834 c 0.452±0.581 c
    7 1 1 1 2 0.947±0.887 c 0.588±0.523 bc
    8 1 2 0.2 1 2.073±1.641 b 0.950±0.702 bc
    9 1 3 0.5 3 0.553±0.716 c 0.520±0.680 bc
    Ka1 6.993 5.033 6.040 6.193 Ta=12.920
    Ka2 2.353 5.520 3.967 4.240
    Ka3 3.573 2.367 2.913 2.487
    ka1 2.331 a 1.678 a 2.013 a 2.064 a
    ka2 0.784 b 1.840 a 1.322 b 1.413 b
    ka3 1.191 b 0.789 b 0.971 b 0.829 c
    Ra 1.547 1.051 1.042 1.236
    Kb1 6.123 3.528 3.622 3.512 Tb=9.693
    Kb2 1.512 3.908 3.856 3.656
    Kb3 2.057 2.258 2.215 2.525
    kb1 2.041 a 1.176 a 1.207 a 1.171 a
    kb2 0.504 b 1.303 a 1.285 a 1.219 a
    kb3 0.686 b 0.753 b 0.738 b 0.842 b
    Rb 1.537 0.550 0.547 0.377
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  不同基质移栽成活率

    Table  4.   Survival rates of transplanted A. graminifolia seedlings on different substrates

    处理
    Treatment
    基质种类及配比
    Matrix types and proportions
    成活率
    Rate of survival/%
    1 水苔(Sphaghnum) 34.00±1.00 e
    2 蛭石(Vermiculite) 88.00±2.00 b
    3 泥炭土(Peat soil) 86.00±1.00 b
    4 珍珠岩(Perlite)泥炭土(Peat soil)=11 98.00±2.65 a
    5 珍珠岩(Perlite)蛭石(Vermiculite)=11 78.00±2.65 c
    6 珍珠岩(Perlite)泥炭土(Peat soil)蛭石(Vermiculite)=111 80.00±3.61 c
    7 珍珠岩(Perlite)蛭石(Vermiculite)草木灰(Plant ash)=111 60.00±4.00 d
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  不同基质移栽苗生长情况

    Table  5.   Growth of transplanted A. graminifolia seedlings on different substrates

    处理
    Treatment
    株高
    Plant height/
    cm
    叶数
    Leaf
    number
    中间叶长
    Length of middle
    leaf/cm
    中间叶宽
    Width of middle
    leaf/cm
    茎粗
    Stem diameter/
    mm
    根数
    Root
    number
    最长根长
    The longest
    root length/
    mm
    最长根粗
    The longest
    root width/
    mm
    鲜重
    Fresh
    weight/g
    13.18±0.82 ab4.89±1.05 cd4.64±0.30 a0.37±0.04 ab1.64±0.10 b5.67±1.53 a38.79±4.56 ab0.40±0.14 d0.11±0.01 d
    22.96±0.70 b5.10±0.76 bcd3.73±1.05 bc0.34±0.06 abc2.12±0.39 ab6.97±2.04 a53.64±19.52 a1.03±0.15 a0.23±0.11 ab
    33.78±1.06 a5.69±0.93 ab3.89±0.84 b0.38±0.05 a2.37±0.38 a7.45±2.40 a38.54±19.29 ab0.77±0.14 bc0.24±0.11 a
    43.34±1.25 ab5.81±1.05 a3.21±1.24 bcd0.34±0.06 abc2.28±0.55 a6.62±1.76 a36.51±12.65 ab0.80±0.19 bc0.19±0.11 abcd
    52.76±0.56 b5.95±1.08 a3.02±0.86 cd0.32±0.06 bcd2.24±0.59 a6.80±2.33 a43.43±14.21 ab0.91±0.20 ab0.21±0.11 abc
    62.81±0.70 b5.52±0.64 abc2.69±0.43 d0.30±0.04 cd1.78±0.35 b5.52±1.16 a37.94±14.78 ab0.70±0.13 c0.14±0.05 bcd
    72.65±0.65 b4.43±0.53 d2.56±0.70 d0.28±0.04 d1.67±0.48 b6.00±2.00 a34.77±10.36 b0.66±0.11 c0.12±0.08 cd
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2020-04-18
  • 修回日期:  2020-08-06
  • 网络出版日期:  2020-11-24
  • 刊出日期:  2020-11-30

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