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撒坝母猪产仔性能影响因素分析

李明丽 赵宝 李志娟 王孝义 严达伟 任文辉

李明丽,赵宝,李志娟,等. 撒坝母猪产仔性能影响因素分析 [J]. 福建农业学报,2020,35(11):1252−1257 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.011
引用本文: 李明丽,赵宝,李志娟,等. 撒坝母猪产仔性能影响因素分析 [J]. 福建农业学报,2020,35(11):1252−1257 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.011
LI M L, ZHAO B, LI Z J, et al. Factors Affecting Reproductive Performance of Saba Sows [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2020,35(11):1252−1257 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.011
Citation: LI M L, ZHAO B, LI Z J, et al. Factors Affecting Reproductive Performance of Saba Sows [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2020,35(11):1252−1257 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.011

撒坝母猪产仔性能影响因素分析

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.11.011
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501206);云南省现代农业生猪产业技术体系建设项目(2019KJTX0013);云南省科技厅重点研发项目(2018BB003)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李明丽(1969−),女,硕士,副教授,主要从事动物生产与环境卫生研究(E-mail:xiaolucao@126.com

  • 中图分类号: S 814

Factors Affecting Reproductive Performance of Saba Sows

  • 摘要:   目的  探讨杂交、分娩胎次、配种方式和分娩季节对撒坝母猪产仔性能的影响,以优化撒坝猪的杂交利用与饲养管理,提高撒坝母猪的生产性能和效率。  方法  利用云南省楚雄州种猪场2013~2017年的182胎撒坝母猪、74胎杜洛克×撒坝猪(杜撒)母猪、67胎长白猪×撒坝猪(长撒)母猪的产仔性能记录,采用最小二乘模型分析了撒坝母猪不同杂交组合、分娩胎次、配种方式及分娩季节的产仔性能差异。  结果  杜撒和长撒母猪的总产仔数分别较撒坝母猪提高2.56头(P<0.01)和1.98头(P<0.01),产活仔数分别提高2.36头(P<0.01)和1.99头(P<0.01);第4~6胎撒坝母猪的产仔性能总体上优于其他胎次(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中总产仔数和产活仔数以第6胎最高,第1胎和第9胎最低;采用本交和人工授精的撒坝母猪产仔性能差异不显著(P>0.05);春、夏季分娩的撒坝母猪产仔性能总体上优于秋、冬季分娩的母猪(P<0.05或P<0.01)。  结论  杂交可显著改善撒坝母猪的产仔性能,分娩胎次和季节也会影响母猪产仔性能,配种方式对产仔性能则无显著影响。生产中采用适当的杂交组合、优化猪群胎次结构和分娩季节,可有效改善猪群繁殖和生产效率。
  • 表  1  试验母猪的日粮配方及主要营养水平

    Table  1.   Formulation and nutrition contents of daily feed for experimental sows

    项目  
    Item  
    原料  
    Raw material  
    妊娠前期
    Early gestation
    妊娠后期
    Later gestation
    哺乳期
    Nursing period
    日粮配方 Diet formulation 玉米 Corn/% 64.74 62.62 60.50
    豆粕 Soybean meal/% 13.12 19.38 25.64
    麦麸 Wheat meal/% 18.14 14.00 9.86
    预混料 Premix/% 4.00 4.00 4.00
    合计 Total/% 100.00 100.00 100.00
    主要营养水平 Main nutrient content 粗蛋 Crude protein/% 13.00 15.00 17.00
    消化能 Digestible energy/(MJ·kg−1 13.35 13.48 13.56
    粗纤维 Crude fiber/% 3.50 3.50 3.50
    钙 Ca/% 0.75 0.75 0.85
    总磷 Total phosphorus/% 0.50 0.50 0.69
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  撒坝猪及其不同杂交组合母猪的产仔性能

    Table  2.   Reproductive performances of Saba and cross-bred sows

    品种或组合
    Breed or combination
    窝数
    Litters
    总产仔数
    Total number
    born/头
    产活仔数
    Number born
    alive/头
    初生窝重
    Litter weightat
    birth/kg
    21日龄窝重
    Litter weightat
    21 d/kg
    断奶仔猪数
    Numberweaned/
    断奶窝重
    Litter weight at
    weaning/kg
    撒坝 SB1829.34±0.23 Bb8.47±0.22 Bb7.89±0.24 Bb25.09±1.03 Cc7.46±0.23 Bb41.04±1.64 Bb
    杜撒 DS7411.90±0.36 Aa10.83±0.35 Aa12.56±0.37 Aa31.70±1.51 Bb7.15±0.35 Bb44.77±2.52 Bb
    长撒 LS6711.32±0.38 Aa10.46±0.37 Aa12.59±0.39 Aa38.80±1.60 Aa10.04±0.36 Aa60.40±2.54 Aa
    注:同列数据后相同字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同字母表示差异显著(小写和大写字母分别表示P<0.05和P<0.01)。表3~5同。
    Note: Data with same letters on same column indicate not significantly different (P>0.05); those with different lowercase letters indicate significantly different at P<0.05; and, those with different capitalized letters significantly different at P<0.01. Same for the following. The same as table 3~5.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同胎次撒坝母猪的产仔性能

    Table  3.   Reproductive performance of Saba sows on different parities

    胎次
    Parity
    窝数
    Litters
    总产仔数
    Total number born/头
    产活仔数
    Number born alive/头
    初生窝重
    Litter weight at birth/kg
    21日龄窝重
    Litter weight at 21 d/kg
    断奶仔猪数
    Number weaned/头
    断奶窝重
    Litter weight at weaning/kg
    1317.67±0.51 Cc6.32±0.51 Bb6.14±0.47 Bb22.74±1.85 ab6.25±0.52 ABb36.28±3.39 ab
    2439.46±0.44 BCbc9.04±0.43 ABa8.32±0.38 ABab29.69±1.50 a8.68±0.41 Aa46.63±2.71 a
    3399.82±0.46 BCb9.07±0.46 ABa8.10±0.40 ABab23.71±1.58 ab7.68±0.44 ABab39.45±2.89 ab
    41510.60±0.74 Aa10.06±0.74 Aa9.46±0.65 Aa25.03±2.33 ab7.38±0.57 ABab40.33±3.76 ab
    51310.16±1.18 ABab8.16±1.17 ABab8.61±1.03 ABa28.00±3.30 a7.50±0.84 ABab47.80±5.53 a
    61011.62±1.02 Aa10.62±1.01 Aa9.71±0.89 Aa25.48±3.30 ab8.83±0.84 Aa45.46±5.53 ab
    71610.00±0.72 ABb9.06±0.72 ABa8.31±0.63 ABab23.75±2.69 ab7.16±0.84 ABab39.53±5.53 ab
    899.44±0.96 BCbc8.66±0.96 ABab7.83±0.84 ABab22.41±3.30 ab5.83±0.84 ABb37.98±5.53 ab
    967.60±0.74 Cc6.33±0.74 Bb6.18±0.65 Bb18.78±3.05 b5.50±0.84 Bb31.15±5.53 b
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  不同配种方式撒坝母猪的产仔性能

    Table  4.   Reproductive performance of Saba sows impregnated by different insemination methods

    配种方式
    Mating way
    窝数
    Litters
    总产仔数
    Total
    number born/头
    产活仔数
    Number
    born alive/头
    初生窝重
    Litter weight
    at birth/kg
    21日龄窝重
    Litter weight
    at 21 d/kg
    断奶仔猪数
    Number of
    weaned piglets/头
    断奶窝重
    Litter weight
    at weaning/kg
    本交 Natural service 43 9.58±0.57 a 8.54±0.57 a 7.77±0.49 a 28.03±2.67 a 7.00±0.56 a 39.20±3.69 a
    人工授精 Artificial insemination 139 9.17±0.35 a 8.09±0.35 a 7.67±0.31 a 22.61±1.40 a 6.59±0.37 a 32.49±2.44 a
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  不同分娩季节撒坝母猪的产仔性能

    Table  5.   Reproductive performance of Saba sows in different farrowing seasons

    分娩季节
    Farrowing season
    窝数
    Litters
    总产仔数
    Total number
    born/头
    产活仔数
    Number born
    alive/头
    初生窝重
    Litter weightat
    birth/kg
    21日龄窝重
    Litter weightat
    21 d/kg
    断奶仔猪数
    Numberweaned/
    断奶窝重
    Litter weightat
    weaning/kg
    春季 Spring 27 9.85±0.58 a 8.88±0.59 a 7.89±0.51 ab 30.60±2.11 Aa 7.40±0.58 a 47.40±3.53 a
    夏季 Summer 80 9.40±0.34 a 8.85±0.34 ab 8.39±0.30 a 25.43±1.09 ABb 7.75±0.30 a 40.57±1.82 ab
    秋季 Autumn 54 9.14±0.41 a 7.64±0.42 b 7.16±0.37 b 22.88±1.38Bb 6.60±0.49 a 36.49±2.98 b
    冬季 Winter 21 9.05±0.68 a 8.75±0.96 ab 7.93±0.59 ab 23.23±2.27ABb 7.53±0.62 a 43.70±3.79 ab
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-03-16
  • 修回日期:  2020-06-24
  • 网络出版日期:  2020-11-13
  • 刊出日期:  2020-11-30

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