Effects of Flowering Plants on Fecundity and Lifespan of Adult Ectropis grisescens
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摘要:
目的 灰茶尺蠖是茶园发生普遍且为害严重的害虫之一。利用显花植物这一新型灰茶尺蠖生物防治策略，对提升茶叶质量安全生产具有重要意义。 方法 以灰茶尺蠖成虫为研究对象，设置6种显花植物处理（圆叶决明、羽叶决明、双荚决明、蟛蜞菊、蓝花草、马利筋）、5%蜂蜜水、清水对照，研究其对灰茶尺蠖成虫产卵量和寿命的影响。 结果 与清水、5%蜂蜜水和蓝花草相比，圆叶决明、羽叶决明、双荚决明、蟛蜞菊和马利筋均显著降低灰茶尺蠖雌成虫的产卵量，显著缩短灰茶尺蠖雌成虫的寿命；与清水、5%蜂蜜水和蓝花草相比，圆叶决明、羽叶决明和双荚决明显著缩短灰茶尺蠖雄成虫的寿命。灰茶尺蠖雌成虫在清水处理组的产卵量最多，每雌平均可产305.7粒卵；雌雄成虫平均寿命最长，分别为13.68 d和12.36 d。马利筋处理组的灰茶尺蠖雌成虫产卵量最少，每雌平均产卵量38.3粒；灰茶尺蠖雌、雄成虫寿命最短的处理组分别是蟛蜞菊和双荚决明，平均寿命分别为6.56 d和5.60 d。 结论 显花植物圆叶决明、羽叶决明和双荚决明可降低灰茶尺蠖繁殖能力、缩短成虫寿命，具备作为灰茶尺蠖生物防控开发的潜力。 Abstract:Objective To explore a means for biocontrol of Ectropis grisescens Warren, one of the most common and serious pests in tea plantations, by intercropping with flowering plants. Method Effects of the flowers of Chamaecrista rotundifolia (Pers.) Greene, Chamaecradta nictitans Moench, Cassia bicapsularis L., Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck.) Merr., Ruellia brittoniana Leonard, and Asclepias curassavica L., were compared to those of 5% honey and water on the fecundity and lifespan of adult E. grisescens for the study. Result The flowers of C. rotundifolia, C. nictitans, C. bicapsularis, W. chinensis, and A. curassavica significantly shortened the lifespan and decreased the fecundity of adult female E. grisescens as compared to the exposure of the insects to water or 5% honey. The flowers of R. brittoniana, C. rotundifolia, C. nictitans, and C. bicapsularis significantly reduced the fecundity of adult male E. grisescens in comparison to water, 5% honey or R. brittoniana flower. Among the treatments, the highest oviposition of the adult females was found in contact with water that produced 305.7 eggs per insect on average, and the flowers of A. curassavica allowed the lowest average of 38.3 eggs per female adult. On lifespan, the longest was observed in the insects under the water treatment as well, with an average of 13.68 d for the females and 12.36 d for the males. The flowers of W. chinensis and C. bicapsularis cut the average lifespans of the female and male adults to the shortest of all treatments at 6.56 d for the adult females and 5.60 d for the adult males. Conclusion Utilizing the flowering plants such as C. rotundifolia, C. nictitans, and/or C. bicapsularis to intercrop in tea plantations helped reduce the fitness and reproduction of E. grisescens. It seemed to represent a promising potential for a viable, environmentally friendly biocontrol on the pest in tea plantations. -
Key words:
- flowering plants /
- tea geometrid /
- oviposition /
- lifespan /
- biological control
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图 1 显花植物对灰茶尺蠖雌成虫产卵量的影响。
注：CK—清水，Ho—5%蜂蜜水，Cr—圆叶决明，Cn—羽叶决明，Cb—双荚决明，Wc—蟛蜞菊，Rb—蓝花草，Ac—马利筋。图中数据为平均数±标准误。柱上同一小写字母表示不同处理间经LSD法检验差异不显著（P＞0.05）。图2～3同。
Figure 1. Effects of various flowers on oviposition of adult female E. grisescens
Note: Treatments of substrates or flowers of plants: CK—water, Ho—5% honey, Cr—C. rotundifolia, Cn—C. nictitans, Cb—C. bicapsularis, Wc—W. chinensis, Rb—R. brittoniana and Ac—A. curassavica. Data are presented as mean±SE. Same lowercase letters on a bar indicate no significant difference between treatments by LSD test (P＞0.05). Same for Fig. 2 and 3.
图 2 显花植物对灰茶尺蠖雌成虫寿命的影响。
Figure 2. Effects of various flowers on lifespan of adult female E. grisescens
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