1995 Vol. 10, No. 3
Display Method:
1995, 10(3): 1-6.
Abstract:
The plant characters and the microspore development during the sensitive period of pollen fertility alternation in the thermo-sensitive genic male sterile 5460(TGMS 5460) were observed under different temperatures and photoperiod in nature and in the phytotron.The main results showed that,(1)It was the sensitive period of pollen fertility alternation when the rice plant grown in the status of 0.1～8.6cm length of the flag leaf collar and 7.6～14.5cm length of the young panicles as well as 9.0～13.4 days before heading,in which the microspore developed from tetracytes to early binucleus.In the sensitive period treating with high temperature and long photoperiod only for one day could cause the sterile of pollen fertility,that for 5 days could make the complete sterile of pollen fertility,(2)Outside the sensitive period,temperature and photoperiod did not have obvious effects on pollen fertility.
The plant characters and the microspore development during the sensitive period of pollen fertility alternation in the thermo-sensitive genic male sterile 5460(TGMS 5460) were observed under different temperatures and photoperiod in nature and in the phytotron.The main results showed that,(1)It was the sensitive period of pollen fertility alternation when the rice plant grown in the status of 0.1～8.6cm length of the flag leaf collar and 7.6～14.5cm length of the young panicles as well as 9.0～13.4 days before heading,in which the microspore developed from tetracytes to early binucleus.In the sensitive period treating with high temperature and long photoperiod only for one day could cause the sterile of pollen fertility,that for 5 days could make the complete sterile of pollen fertility,(2)Outside the sensitive period,temperature and photoperiod did not have obvious effects on pollen fertility.
1995, 10(3): 7-10.
Abstract:
The present paper dealt with the hereditary mechanism of white-feather in mule ducks.The result showed that the domestic ducks played a dominant function to produce white feather in mule ducks using the testing methods of reciprocal and rotation crossbreeding.The frequency of white feather from different genotype of female domestic ducks was variable,of which the domestic ducks with the meat-duck kin was higher than that with the egg-laying ducks.The more the meat-duck kin,the higher the frequency of white-feather in F1.A significant difference of white-feather also existed in the F1,of which the generation was characterized with high frequency of white-feather,among intraspecific individuals of the domestic duck.The pure selection from the individuals can be done to construct a special line for producing white-feather mule duck.
The present paper dealt with the hereditary mechanism of white-feather in mule ducks.The result showed that the domestic ducks played a dominant function to produce white feather in mule ducks using the testing methods of reciprocal and rotation crossbreeding.The frequency of white feather from different genotype of female domestic ducks was variable,of which the domestic ducks with the meat-duck kin was higher than that with the egg-laying ducks.The more the meat-duck kin,the higher the frequency of white-feather in F1.A significant difference of white-feather also existed in the F1,of which the generation was characterized with high frequency of white-feather,among intraspecific individuals of the domestic duck.The pure selection from the individuals can be done to construct a special line for producing white-feather mule duck.
1995, 10(3): 11-15.
Abstract:
Experiments were made in Aibai wheat for six cropping seasons during 1990～1994.The average height of sterile plants was 61.57cm,which is only two third of fertile plants’height.The proportion between sterile and fertile plants was 1:1.14.The number of taller plants was slightly more than that of the shorter,but the proportion is nearly 1:1.The environmental factors can only affect the height of the sterile of fertile plants to some extent,but can not change their relative relationship.So the linkage inheritance between the sterility and dwarfness is stable,The effectiveness of distinguishing the fertility in elongating stage was verified in 1990～1993;The height of both sterile and fertile plants were all segregated among their progenies of Aibai wheat,but the segregation in the progenies from a single plant was less than that from different plants.Therefore,the selection effectiveness can be improved when the plants from a sterile plant line was planted in row.Aibai wheat was backcrossed four generations consecutively by Jinmai 2146.The spike characters of sterile plant resembeits father plant but the height was short and basically identical.
Experiments were made in Aibai wheat for six cropping seasons during 1990～1994.The average height of sterile plants was 61.57cm,which is only two third of fertile plants’height.The proportion between sterile and fertile plants was 1:1.14.The number of taller plants was slightly more than that of the shorter,but the proportion is nearly 1:1.The environmental factors can only affect the height of the sterile of fertile plants to some extent,but can not change their relative relationship.So the linkage inheritance between the sterility and dwarfness is stable,The effectiveness of distinguishing the fertility in elongating stage was verified in 1990～1993;The height of both sterile and fertile plants were all segregated among their progenies of Aibai wheat,but the segregation in the progenies from a single plant was less than that from different plants.Therefore,the selection effectiveness can be improved when the plants from a sterile plant line was planted in row.Aibai wheat was backcrossed four generations consecutively by Jinmai 2146.The spike characters of sterile plant resembeits father plant but the height was short and basically identical.
1995, 10(3): 16-19.
Abstract:
The present paper dealt with the barrier factors for emerging of the seedling of vegetable soybean.The results showed that methods of sundrying seeds,selection of sowing periods and water content of soil were main factors.The techniques of keeping the 16.7%-18.5%water content of seed,sowing at the proper time of about July 30 in Fuzhou and keeping 55.0%-58.0% of soil water content were used to get the high emerging rate.
The present paper dealt with the barrier factors for emerging of the seedling of vegetable soybean.The results showed that methods of sundrying seeds,selection of sowing periods and water content of soil were main factors.The techniques of keeping the 16.7%-18.5%water content of seed,sowing at the proper time of about July 30 in Fuzhou and keeping 55.0%-58.0% of soil water content were used to get the high emerging rate.
1995, 10(3): 20-25.
Abstract:
The climatic yield of peanut in Putian,Jinzhen and Tongan Counties,Fujian Province was studied to predict the harvest in 1995～2000 using regressional analysis.The results showed that the tended yields of peanut increased in 1967～1991,of which the increasing rate was 9～12 kg/hm2.The climatic yields were depended on temperature,precipitation,sunshine,intensity of subtropical anticyclone and index of typhoon from the second ten days of june to the last ten days of July,especially depended on the number of hot summer days and index of typhoon.The prediction of the peanut harvest was made to increase in 1995,1997 and 1998,to decrease in 1996,1999 and 2000.
The climatic yield of peanut in Putian,Jinzhen and Tongan Counties,Fujian Province was studied to predict the harvest in 1995～2000 using regressional analysis.The results showed that the tended yields of peanut increased in 1967～1991,of which the increasing rate was 9～12 kg/hm2.The climatic yields were depended on temperature,precipitation,sunshine,intensity of subtropical anticyclone and index of typhoon from the second ten days of june to the last ten days of July,especially depended on the number of hot summer days and index of typhoon.The prediction of the peanut harvest was made to increase in 1995,1997 and 1998,to decrease in 1996,1999 and 2000.
1995, 10(3): 26-29.
Abstract:
The molecular structure of aspergillin C9H12O4 from a microorganism metabolite has been determined by NMR.IR.MS,element;analysis methods and x-ray diffraction method.The molecular weight was 184.21.The crystal was a monoclinic type.The space group was P212121.With the parameters of a=4.422(4),b=14.266(7),c=14.994(6)A,V=943(2)A3A,Z=4,μ=0.96/cm,Dc=1.13 g/cm3,F(000)=400.The final deviate factor was R=O.0491,Rw=0.059.
The molecular structure of aspergillin C9H12O4 from a microorganism metabolite has been determined by NMR.IR.MS,element;analysis methods and x-ray diffraction method.The molecular weight was 184.21.The crystal was a monoclinic type.The space group was P212121.With the parameters of a=4.422(4),b=14.266(7),c=14.994(6)A,V=943(2)A3A,Z=4,μ=0.96/cm,Dc=1.13 g/cm3,F(000)=400.The final deviate factor was R=O.0491,Rw=0.059.
1995, 10(3): 30-34.
Abstract:
Improved Sweet Orange(Gailiangcheng)was a good weet orange varity which was obtained from the sweet orange(Citrus sinensis var.liucheng)grafted on the stock of red tangerine(Citrus reticulata Blanco).This experiment has been carried out with polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis.According to variant types of Improved Sweet Orangefruits,the perxidase isoenzymes of vesicles、flaved and endocarp of red pulp type、yellow pulp type and chimera of red and yellow pulp type were determinde.the central region of peroxidase isozyme pattern was analysed and compared with the Enzhi Gan(Citrus sinensis var.liucheng)and Hong jie(Citrus reticulata Blanco).It was further proved that the fruit of Improved Sweet Orange was a Chimera,and it was suspected that the histogen of Improved Sweet Orange trees on that farm was a periolinal chimera,in which L-Ⅰ、L-Ⅱderived from red tangerine and L-Ⅲfrom sweet orange.
Improved Sweet Orange(Gailiangcheng)was a good weet orange varity which was obtained from the sweet orange(Citrus sinensis var.liucheng)grafted on the stock of red tangerine(Citrus reticulata Blanco).This experiment has been carried out with polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis.According to variant types of Improved Sweet Orangefruits,the perxidase isoenzymes of vesicles、flaved and endocarp of red pulp type、yellow pulp type and chimera of red and yellow pulp type were determinde.the central region of peroxidase isozyme pattern was analysed and compared with the Enzhi Gan(Citrus sinensis var.liucheng)and Hong jie(Citrus reticulata Blanco).It was further proved that the fruit of Improved Sweet Orange was a Chimera,and it was suspected that the histogen of Improved Sweet Orange trees on that farm was a periolinal chimera,in which L-Ⅰ、L-Ⅱderived from red tangerine and L-Ⅲfrom sweet orange.
1995, 10(3): 35-39.
Abstract:
Different patterns of isoenzyme bands are showed in the analysis on different parts of sweetpotato.The isoenzyme bands which from the stem issue between the 9th and 11th blades are clear,complete and stable,and can be used for analysing the affinity among different varieties.We have tested the peroxidase isoenzyme of the stem tissue in 88 sweetpotato varieties.22 bands were found and 8 of them showed more than 90% apparent frequency,which are considered as the typically characteristic bands.The whole varieties were classified into 11 patterns.The varieties among one pattern have the same or similar isoenzyme bands,which revealled their affinity was more close.The affinity between different patterns was analysed by the fuzzy cluster analysis.A52,Jinshan 57 and C180 varieties are divided into seperate patterns.There are bigger gaps between them and other varieties.Maybe there are typical enzyme bands exist in the fine varieties.
Different patterns of isoenzyme bands are showed in the analysis on different parts of sweetpotato.The isoenzyme bands which from the stem issue between the 9th and 11th blades are clear,complete and stable,and can be used for analysing the affinity among different varieties.We have tested the peroxidase isoenzyme of the stem tissue in 88 sweetpotato varieties.22 bands were found and 8 of them showed more than 90% apparent frequency,which are considered as the typically characteristic bands.The whole varieties were classified into 11 patterns.The varieties among one pattern have the same or similar isoenzyme bands,which revealled their affinity was more close.The affinity between different patterns was analysed by the fuzzy cluster analysis.A52,Jinshan 57 and C180 varieties are divided into seperate patterns.There are bigger gaps between them and other varieties.Maybe there are typical enzyme bands exist in the fine varieties.
1995, 10(3): 40-43.
Abstract:
The present paper dealt with the effect of anaerobic digestive matters on the growth of citrullus lanatus.The result showed that soaking seed in biogas liquid could increase the germination percentage,promote the physiological metabolism and improve the seedlings quality.It also indicated that the different kind of bioeas residue had the different effect,of which the chicken biogas residue achieved the best one.The different quantity of chicken biogas residue had the different effect on the Growth of C.lanatus.in which the best proportion was 1:5.
The present paper dealt with the effect of anaerobic digestive matters on the growth of citrullus lanatus.The result showed that soaking seed in biogas liquid could increase the germination percentage,promote the physiological metabolism and improve the seedlings quality.It also indicated that the different kind of bioeas residue had the different effect,of which the chicken biogas residue achieved the best one.The different quantity of chicken biogas residue had the different effect on the Growth of C.lanatus.in which the best proportion was 1:5.
A study of Sensitivity of Phoma asparagi Sacc.Infecting in Asparagus to Fungicide Thiophanate methyl
1995, 10(3): 44-46.
Abstract:
The sensitivity of Phoma asparagi Sacc.infecting in asparagus to the fungicide,thiophanate methy1,was tested.The results showed that the sensitive period of asparagus infected by P.asparagi was in 1～5 days after germinating.The resistant ability of the plant to P.asparagi was higher and higher as the asparagus was growing up,of which the exponential regression formula was Y=80.148×0.957X,r=0.8489.The flatted test showed that the pycnidiospores could not germinate in thiophanate methy1 with the concentration of 1.4g/l,of which to germinating rate the regression was Y=-9.7137+2.6931X,r=0.9749.The girdle width of P.asparagi was 7.3～6.3mm,when it grew in the medium with 1.4～0.23 g/l thiophanate methy1 for 3 days,on which the mycelium cultured for 7 days didn’t grow.
The sensitivity of Phoma asparagi Sacc.infecting in asparagus to the fungicide,thiophanate methy1,was tested.The results showed that the sensitive period of asparagus infected by P.asparagi was in 1～5 days after germinating.The resistant ability of the plant to P.asparagi was higher and higher as the asparagus was growing up,of which the exponential regression formula was Y=80.148×0.957X,r=0.8489.The flatted test showed that the pycnidiospores could not germinate in thiophanate methy1 with the concentration of 1.4g/l,of which to germinating rate the regression was Y=-9.7137+2.6931X,r=0.9749.The girdle width of P.asparagi was 7.3～6.3mm,when it grew in the medium with 1.4～0.23 g/l thiophanate methy1 for 3 days,on which the mycelium cultured for 7 days didn’t grow.
1995, 10(3): 47-49.
Abstract:
The reliable method was used to analyse residues of herbicide butachlor in vegetables and soil.According to the degradative speed of butachlor in vegetables and soil,the result showed that butachlor belonged to the lower residue herbicide,and the residue accumulation was not distinct.It was suggested that the concentration for safe use was 900g/hm2 and 1350g/hm2.
The reliable method was used to analyse residues of herbicide butachlor in vegetables and soil.According to the degradative speed of butachlor in vegetables and soil,the result showed that butachlor belonged to the lower residue herbicide,and the residue accumulation was not distinct.It was suggested that the concentration for safe use was 900g/hm2 and 1350g/hm2.
1995, 10(3): 50-53.
Abstract:
There existed a large number of beneficial antagonistic bacteria against Phoma asparagi Sacc.in the root soil of asparagus crops,among which A06,A209,and S34,have been selected to inhibit P.asparagi.The girdle bands of antagonistic bacteria against the mycelium growth were 10.6,10.0,8.6mm respectively,that against the spore germination were 9.3,8.7,9.2 mm respectively.The fermentation liquid of the bacteria had the strong inhibition to the disease.The suitable conditions for the bacteria growing were 25-35℃ temperature with 6-8pH.The antagonistic bacteria were wounded and restrained under ultraviolet in the distance of 300-1000 mm in 5 minutes.The efficiency of controlling the disease using the product of the antagonistic bacteria in the field was about 44.6%.
There existed a large number of beneficial antagonistic bacteria against Phoma asparagi Sacc.in the root soil of asparagus crops,among which A06,A209,and S34,have been selected to inhibit P.asparagi.The girdle bands of antagonistic bacteria against the mycelium growth were 10.6,10.0,8.6mm respectively,that against the spore germination were 9.3,8.7,9.2 mm respectively.The fermentation liquid of the bacteria had the strong inhibition to the disease.The suitable conditions for the bacteria growing were 25-35℃ temperature with 6-8pH.The antagonistic bacteria were wounded and restrained under ultraviolet in the distance of 300-1000 mm in 5 minutes.The efficiency of controlling the disease using the product of the antagonistic bacteria in the field was about 44.6%.
1995, 10(3): 54-57.
Abstract:
It is a great problem to low down the temperature in greenhouse in the summer in the southern area of china.The ecological greenhouse was designed to solve the problem,which consisted of plastic-covered shed,tropical trees and tall deciduous trees around the shed,spraying equipment at the top of shed,heating exchanger and draught fan inside the shed.The computer was introduced to control the temperature by regulating the equipment in summer and winter.The result showed that the temperature was 4.5℃ degree lower,the humidity was 7% higher than that outside in the summer,the temperature was raised by heating from the geothermal energy exchanger in the winter In this way the greenhouse could be used for planting both in summer and winter.
It is a great problem to low down the temperature in greenhouse in the summer in the southern area of china.The ecological greenhouse was designed to solve the problem,which consisted of plastic-covered shed,tropical trees and tall deciduous trees around the shed,spraying equipment at the top of shed,heating exchanger and draught fan inside the shed.The computer was introduced to control the temperature by regulating the equipment in summer and winter.The result showed that the temperature was 4.5℃ degree lower,the humidity was 7% higher than that outside in the summer,the temperature was raised by heating from the geothermal energy exchanger in the winter In this way the greenhouse could be used for planting both in summer and winter.
1995, 10(3): 58-60.
Abstract:
The present paper dealt with cutting cultivation of foliage plant all year round.The ecological greenhouse was designed to balance the temperature in 25±3℃ degree all year round,in which 4 families of foliage plant,Dlefferbachia,Neoregelia,Brassaia and Dracaena,were cut to cultivate.The result showed that the cutting cultivation of foliage plant could be conducted in the ecological greenhouse all year round,of which the developmental rate was one time higher than in the normal seedbed.
The present paper dealt with cutting cultivation of foliage plant all year round.The ecological greenhouse was designed to balance the temperature in 25±3℃ degree all year round,in which 4 families of foliage plant,Dlefferbachia,Neoregelia,Brassaia and Dracaena,were cut to cultivate.The result showed that the cutting cultivation of foliage plant could be conducted in the ecological greenhouse all year round,of which the developmental rate was one time higher than in the normal seedbed.
1995, 10(3): 61-64.
Abstract:
The academic standard,i.e. scientific character,creativity,logicality,actual effect and conciseness,of the articles in journal was probed through analysing and comparing the academic appraisals of the articles made by the scholars,drawing on the opinions of various circles and in the light of reality of running journal of natural science in our courtry to provide reference for appraising and increasing the academic standard and academic value of articles in journal.
The academic standard,i.e. scientific character,creativity,logicality,actual effect and conciseness,of the articles in journal was probed through analysing and comparing the academic appraisals of the articles made by the scholars,drawing on the opinions of various circles and in the light of reality of running journal of natural science in our courtry to provide reference for appraising and increasing the academic standard and academic value of articles in journal.
