2013 Vol. 28, No. 2
Display Method:
2013, 28(2): 95-100.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.002
Abstract:
N-terminal sequence of the protein encoded by rice RCA gene was predicted to be a chloroplast transit peptide.The 144bp fragment of this gene was fused with GFP to construct a transient expression vector pGD-RCATP-GFP for genetic transformation.Transient transformation of tobacco was produced by the Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration method.Fluorescence microscopy analyses demonstrated that,in cells expressing the RCATP:GFP fusion protein,the fluorescence was specifically targeted to chloroplast.Then this fragment was fused with GUS to construct a vector p1300-RCATP-AGS for genetic transformation.To analyze GUS activity for the leaves of the positive plants,we discovered that the RCA TP sequence increased GUS protein expression levels about 3 fold,when compared to without RCA TP sequence.
N-terminal sequence of the protein encoded by rice RCA gene was predicted to be a chloroplast transit peptide.The 144bp fragment of this gene was fused with GFP to construct a transient expression vector pGD-RCATP-GFP for genetic transformation.Transient transformation of tobacco was produced by the Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration method.Fluorescence microscopy analyses demonstrated that,in cells expressing the RCATP:GFP fusion protein,the fluorescence was specifically targeted to chloroplast.Then this fragment was fused with GUS to construct a vector p1300-RCATP-AGS for genetic transformation.To analyze GUS activity for the leaves of the positive plants,we discovered that the RCA TP sequence increased GUS protein expression levels about 3 fold,when compared to without RCA TP sequence.
2013, 28(2): 101-106.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.003
Abstract:
A full length cDNA of ascorbate peroxidase(APX) gene was cloned from Oryza sativa L.Japonica Nipponbare with RT-PCR.It was 768 bp including the CDS,and was connected to the plant expression binary vector,pBI121,to construct an over-expression vector of APX gene.The pBI121-APX vector was transformed into indica rice,Duoxi No.1 and Hang No.1,mediating by Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105.With this,transgenic plants could be obtained for further study on the function of APX gene in rice storability.
A full length cDNA of ascorbate peroxidase(APX) gene was cloned from Oryza sativa L.Japonica Nipponbare with RT-PCR.It was 768 bp including the CDS,and was connected to the plant expression binary vector,pBI121,to construct an over-expression vector of APX gene.The pBI121-APX vector was transformed into indica rice,Duoxi No.1 and Hang No.1,mediating by Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105.With this,transgenic plants could be obtained for further study on the function of APX gene in rice storability.
2013, 28(2): 107-112.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.004
Abstract:
To understand the effect of deficient sunlight on the super rice production in light-poor areas,a field experiment was conducted.The super-hybrid rice,Ⅱ Youhang 2,was used for the study.At the early(transplanting),middle(jointing) and late(initial heading) stages,rice grain yield and quality were determined with 55% shading for 14 days,in comparison to those under the natural light condition as the control.The results showed that the shading at the transplanting stage significantly decreased the filler number and the leaf area index.It also reduced the effective panicle number by 10.77%,and the yield by 6.70%.The yield loss was due to insufficient supply of nutrients.But,there was no significant difference in the grains quality.At the jointing stage,the shading caused significant inhibition of stem growth and sheath dry matter accumulation.It decreased the grains per panicle by 14.26%,1000-grain weight by 7.87%,and the yield by 22.44%.The yield reduction was attributed to the decreased sink.Meanwhile,the processing quality,such as the unrefined rice rate,the milled rice rate and the head milled rate,was decreased as well.At the initial heading stage,the shading decreased the percentage of filled grains,as well as,the grain-set rate and 1000-grain weight by 26.54% and 14.10%,respectively.The yield became the lowest among all treatments,i.e.,a reduction of 36.14%.Poor in nutrient flow was thought to be the main reason leading to the yield reduction.The grain quality of the rice shaded at initial heading stage was significantly inferior to that of the control.Thus,it was concluded that the greatest effect of deficiency in sunlight exposure on the super-hybrid rice occurred in the initial heading and grain filling stages,followed by the young spike development and the vegetative growth stages.
To understand the effect of deficient sunlight on the super rice production in light-poor areas,a field experiment was conducted.The super-hybrid rice,Ⅱ Youhang 2,was used for the study.At the early(transplanting),middle(jointing) and late(initial heading) stages,rice grain yield and quality were determined with 55% shading for 14 days,in comparison to those under the natural light condition as the control.The results showed that the shading at the transplanting stage significantly decreased the filler number and the leaf area index.It also reduced the effective panicle number by 10.77%,and the yield by 6.70%.The yield loss was due to insufficient supply of nutrients.But,there was no significant difference in the grains quality.At the jointing stage,the shading caused significant inhibition of stem growth and sheath dry matter accumulation.It decreased the grains per panicle by 14.26%,1000-grain weight by 7.87%,and the yield by 22.44%.The yield reduction was attributed to the decreased sink.Meanwhile,the processing quality,such as the unrefined rice rate,the milled rice rate and the head milled rate,was decreased as well.At the initial heading stage,the shading decreased the percentage of filled grains,as well as,the grain-set rate and 1000-grain weight by 26.54% and 14.10%,respectively.The yield became the lowest among all treatments,i.e.,a reduction of 36.14%.Poor in nutrient flow was thought to be the main reason leading to the yield reduction.The grain quality of the rice shaded at initial heading stage was significantly inferior to that of the control.Thus,it was concluded that the greatest effect of deficiency in sunlight exposure on the super-hybrid rice occurred in the initial heading and grain filling stages,followed by the young spike development and the vegetative growth stages.
2013, 28(2): 113-119.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.005
Abstract:
Sixty-three field experiments to determine the rice′s responses to NPK fertilizations after vegetable harvest were conducted to establish the optimal fertilization indices for the province.The rice yield under the blank and balanced fertilization showed a linear function mathematically.The average contribution rate of soil nutrients to the rice yield was 79.1%,and the average yield increases attributed to the N,P and K applications were 16.5%,6.7% and 9.0%,respectively.The critical indices of alkali-hydrolyzable N,Olsen-P and available K in the soils of "extremely high fertility" were greater than 230 mg·kg-1,54 mg·kg-1 and 140 mg·kg-1,respectively;less than 200 mg·kg-1,19 mg·kg-1 and 74 mg·kg-1,respectively,in the soil of "low-to-medium fertility";and,in between in the soil of "high fertility".In general,the economic application rates for the soils of extremely high fertility were N 150 kg·hm-2,P2O5 45 kg·hm-2,and K2O 92 kg·hm-2;N 62 kg·hm-2,P2O5 20 kg·hm-2 and K2O 57 kg·hm-2 for the soils of high fertility;and N 120 kg·hm-2,P2O5 37 kg·hm-2 and K2O 40 kg·hm-2 for the soils of low-to-middle fertility.The correlation between the soil analytical results and the recommended fertilizations fitted an exponential model,which would provide a guideline for appropriate fertilization.
Sixty-three field experiments to determine the rice′s responses to NPK fertilizations after vegetable harvest were conducted to establish the optimal fertilization indices for the province.The rice yield under the blank and balanced fertilization showed a linear function mathematically.The average contribution rate of soil nutrients to the rice yield was 79.1%,and the average yield increases attributed to the N,P and K applications were 16.5%,6.7% and 9.0%,respectively.The critical indices of alkali-hydrolyzable N,Olsen-P and available K in the soils of "extremely high fertility" were greater than 230 mg·kg-1,54 mg·kg-1 and 140 mg·kg-1,respectively;less than 200 mg·kg-1,19 mg·kg-1 and 74 mg·kg-1,respectively,in the soil of "low-to-medium fertility";and,in between in the soil of "high fertility".In general,the economic application rates for the soils of extremely high fertility were N 150 kg·hm-2,P2O5 45 kg·hm-2,and K2O 92 kg·hm-2;N 62 kg·hm-2,P2O5 20 kg·hm-2 and K2O 57 kg·hm-2 for the soils of high fertility;and N 120 kg·hm-2,P2O5 37 kg·hm-2 and K2O 40 kg·hm-2 for the soils of low-to-middle fertility.The correlation between the soil analytical results and the recommended fertilizations fitted an exponential model,which would provide a guideline for appropriate fertilization.
2013, 28(2): 120-123.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.006
Abstract:
To select peanuts for the harvest of both nuts and vines,6 peanut strains newly bred by irradiation mutation were compared according to their agronomic characteristics,above-and under-ground material yields,as well as nutritional value.The results showed that the numbers of branches and pods,and the yields of nuts and vines per plant of TJ were greater than those of the control,Quanhua No.7,at P<0.05 level.The peanut and vine yields of Shang G were 6.16% and 7.32%,respectively,higher than those of the control at P<0.05 level.The peanut and the vine yields of TJ were 5.04% and 6.84%,respectively,more than those of the control at P>0.05.The crude protein contents of Shang G and TJ were significantly higher than that of the control at P<0.01 level.Consequently,these new strains of peanuts,Shang G and TJ,could seemingly be promoted as dual-purpose varieties.
To select peanuts for the harvest of both nuts and vines,6 peanut strains newly bred by irradiation mutation were compared according to their agronomic characteristics,above-and under-ground material yields,as well as nutritional value.The results showed that the numbers of branches and pods,and the yields of nuts and vines per plant of TJ were greater than those of the control,Quanhua No.7,at P<0.05 level.The peanut and vine yields of Shang G were 6.16% and 7.32%,respectively,higher than those of the control at P<0.05 level.The peanut and the vine yields of TJ were 5.04% and 6.84%,respectively,more than those of the control at P>0.05.The crude protein contents of Shang G and TJ were significantly higher than that of the control at P<0.01 level.Consequently,these new strains of peanuts,Shang G and TJ,could seemingly be promoted as dual-purpose varieties.
2013, 28(2): 124-128.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.007
Abstract:
To improve the induction of pedicel auxillary bud forYing Ye Spring Sun Shine orchid(Doritaenopsis Ying Ye Spring Sun Shing),the major trait-affecting factors including disinfecting time,flower-stalk parts,culture medium,exogenous hormone and induction temperature,were studied.The half-lignified pedicel II from the young pedicels was found to be most suitable for the purpose.The shoots induced from pedicel II grew best when disinfected with 0.1% HgCl2 for 10 min prior to culturing on Hyponex with 5 mg·L-1 6-BA/L and then incubated at 25/18℃.The results provided the needed information for improvement on the commercial operation for the orchid induction using pedicel auxillary buds.
To improve the induction of pedicel auxillary bud forYing Ye Spring Sun Shine orchid(Doritaenopsis Ying Ye Spring Sun Shing),the major trait-affecting factors including disinfecting time,flower-stalk parts,culture medium,exogenous hormone and induction temperature,were studied.The half-lignified pedicel II from the young pedicels was found to be most suitable for the purpose.The shoots induced from pedicel II grew best when disinfected with 0.1% HgCl2 for 10 min prior to culturing on Hyponex with 5 mg·L-1 6-BA/L and then incubated at 25/18℃.The results provided the needed information for improvement on the commercial operation for the orchid induction using pedicel auxillary buds.
2013, 28(2): 129-133.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.008
Abstract:
Nandao seedless litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn) trees were used to study the effect of the partial rootzone-drying(PRD) irrigation method on the growth,fruit-bearing and carbohydrate accumulation in leaves of the trees.The results showed that PRD retarded the shoot growth as compared with the normal irrigation(CK),but did not in comparison with that when the irrigation was done by reducing half of the regular amount of water in the rootzone(HN).The fruit yield under PRD irrigation was significantly the highest,and significantly the lowest under HN,among the treatments and control.On fruit quality,except for juiciness,PRD produced better or similar characteristics in comparison to CK.Other than shape of the fruits,HN yielded considerably inferior fruits to CK or PRD.Overall,PRD was considered the most desirable irrigation method.The contents of chlorophyll a and starches in leaves,net photosynthetic rate of leaves,leaf chlorophyll a/b ratio,and sugar content after 14d were highest among the three methods when PRD was applied.Furthermore,the respiratory rate of the tree leaves when PRD was used appeared lower than HN.It suggested that PRD could enhance the photosynthesis and improve the carbohydrate accumulation in leaves.
Nandao seedless litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn) trees were used to study the effect of the partial rootzone-drying(PRD) irrigation method on the growth,fruit-bearing and carbohydrate accumulation in leaves of the trees.The results showed that PRD retarded the shoot growth as compared with the normal irrigation(CK),but did not in comparison with that when the irrigation was done by reducing half of the regular amount of water in the rootzone(HN).The fruit yield under PRD irrigation was significantly the highest,and significantly the lowest under HN,among the treatments and control.On fruit quality,except for juiciness,PRD produced better or similar characteristics in comparison to CK.Other than shape of the fruits,HN yielded considerably inferior fruits to CK or PRD.Overall,PRD was considered the most desirable irrigation method.The contents of chlorophyll a and starches in leaves,net photosynthetic rate of leaves,leaf chlorophyll a/b ratio,and sugar content after 14d were highest among the three methods when PRD was applied.Furthermore,the respiratory rate of the tree leaves when PRD was used appeared lower than HN.It suggested that PRD could enhance the photosynthesis and improve the carbohydrate accumulation in leaves.
2013, 28(2): 134-138.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.009
Abstract:
With a split-plot design,in 2011-2012,various factors were selected for the control plot,as well as the subplots,to study their effects relating to the yield of 6 broad bean varieties(i.e.,the medium grain Haimendaqingpi,the small grain Qidou 2 and the big grain Tongxian 1,2 and 3,and Tongcanxian 6).The preliminary results showed no significant differences on plant height among different varieties.However,the yield,biomass and harvest index were significantly different.The yield and weight per pod of the varieties bred by the Institute,such as Tongxian 1,2,3 and Tongcanxian 6,were significantly higher than local varieties.The topping on the winterizing facility decreased the plant height and biomass,while increased the yield and harvest index.It suggested that the broad bean cultivation benefited ecologically as well as economically by adding a topping to the winterizing shed
With a split-plot design,in 2011-2012,various factors were selected for the control plot,as well as the subplots,to study their effects relating to the yield of 6 broad bean varieties(i.e.,the medium grain Haimendaqingpi,the small grain Qidou 2 and the big grain Tongxian 1,2 and 3,and Tongcanxian 6).The preliminary results showed no significant differences on plant height among different varieties.However,the yield,biomass and harvest index were significantly different.The yield and weight per pod of the varieties bred by the Institute,such as Tongxian 1,2,3 and Tongcanxian 6,were significantly higher than local varieties.The topping on the winterizing facility decreased the plant height and biomass,while increased the yield and harvest index.It suggested that the broad bean cultivation benefited ecologically as well as economically by adding a topping to the winterizing shed
2013, 28(2): 139-142.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.010
Abstract:
To improve black-speckle feather ratio of synthetic line F(PS),Shanma duck(S) was cross-breeded reciprocally with Minnong white duck(F) and Putian black duck(P),respectively.Feather color appearance and segregation ratio of the hybrid progeny were observed.The purebred parents whose hybrid progeny displayed high black-speckle feather ratio were selected at each generation.Resultsshowed that after three generations breeding,there were significant improvement in black-speckle feather ratio of F×S and S×F combination,increasing respectively from 44.0% and 41.7% to 84.3% and 81.9%.Black-speckle feather ratio of P×S and S×P combination were increased from 19.2% and 10.6% to 22.8% and 32.7%,respectively.Moreover,a new strain Putian black-speckle duck was isolated,which would speed up breeding process on black-speckle feather ratio.The reciprocal cross in this study effectively improved black-speckle feather ratio of synthetic line F(PS).
To improve black-speckle feather ratio of synthetic line F(PS),Shanma duck(S) was cross-breeded reciprocally with Minnong white duck(F) and Putian black duck(P),respectively.Feather color appearance and segregation ratio of the hybrid progeny were observed.The purebred parents whose hybrid progeny displayed high black-speckle feather ratio were selected at each generation.Resultsshowed that after three generations breeding,there were significant improvement in black-speckle feather ratio of F×S and S×F combination,increasing respectively from 44.0% and 41.7% to 84.3% and 81.9%.Black-speckle feather ratio of P×S and S×P combination were increased from 19.2% and 10.6% to 22.8% and 32.7%,respectively.Moreover,a new strain Putian black-speckle duck was isolated,which would speed up breeding process on black-speckle feather ratio.The reciprocal cross in this study effectively improved black-speckle feather ratio of synthetic line F(PS).
2013, 28(2): 143-147.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.011
Abstract:
Toxicities of 20 fungicides and co-toxicities between propiconazole or azoxystrobin and difenoconazole on Phomopsis asparagi were determined by the pathogen′s mycelium growth rates under treatments.The results showed that prochloraz,difenoconazole,epoxiconazole,tebuconazole,chlorothalonil and thiabendazole had higher toxicities among all,with prochloraz being the strongest showing an EC50 of 0.035 5 mg·L-1.Mancozeb,hymexazol,thiram,pyrimethanil,jinggangmycin,copper calcium sulphate and oligosaccharin were not as potent.The co-toxicity efficient(CTC) between difenoconazole and propiconazole(1∶1) was 123.42,suggesting existence of synergism.The synergisms between difenoconazole and azoxystrobin,on the other hand,were reflected by the CTCs of 164.17,132.91 and 141.91 when their mixing ratios were 8∶5,1∶5 and 1∶8,respectively.
Toxicities of 20 fungicides and co-toxicities between propiconazole or azoxystrobin and difenoconazole on Phomopsis asparagi were determined by the pathogen′s mycelium growth rates under treatments.The results showed that prochloraz,difenoconazole,epoxiconazole,tebuconazole,chlorothalonil and thiabendazole had higher toxicities among all,with prochloraz being the strongest showing an EC50 of 0.035 5 mg·L-1.Mancozeb,hymexazol,thiram,pyrimethanil,jinggangmycin,copper calcium sulphate and oligosaccharin were not as potent.The co-toxicity efficient(CTC) between difenoconazole and propiconazole(1∶1) was 123.42,suggesting existence of synergism.The synergisms between difenoconazole and azoxystrobin,on the other hand,were reflected by the CTCs of 164.17,132.91 and 141.91 when their mixing ratios were 8∶5,1∶5 and 1∶8,respectively.
2013, 28(2): 148-153.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.012
Abstract:
Because of the disadvantage of the artificial influence factors and bad timeliness in occurrence stage forecasting of Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis,a simulation and prediction system for Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis occurrence stage was built by Phenological Model,public weather information and web database.The study showed that the new method had the advantages of high accuracy and fine timeliness for the forecasting of Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis occurrence stage according to the investigated data from Tongzhou site in 2003-2012.The single sine with horizontal method had the high precision for forecasting and the average error was only 0.56 day during one generation of Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis,compared with a average error of 2.35 days by the method of effective average temperature.Our results suggest that the system should be popularized and applied.
Because of the disadvantage of the artificial influence factors and bad timeliness in occurrence stage forecasting of Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis,a simulation and prediction system for Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis occurrence stage was built by Phenological Model,public weather information and web database.The study showed that the new method had the advantages of high accuracy and fine timeliness for the forecasting of Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis occurrence stage according to the investigated data from Tongzhou site in 2003-2012.The single sine with horizontal method had the high precision for forecasting and the average error was only 0.56 day during one generation of Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis,compared with a average error of 2.35 days by the method of effective average temperature.Our results suggest that the system should be popularized and applied.
2013, 28(2): 154-157.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.013
Abstract:
The control effect of azadirachtin with trunk injection at 1-3 mg per cm DBH(diameter at breast height) was above 90% on Panonychus citri(McGregor) 7 days after injection in the field,and remained above 75% in 60 days.The sublethal doses of azadirachtin on different developmental stages of P.citri were determined and their long-term effects on P.citri population were discovered to be the extension of developmental duration and reduced fecundity.
The control effect of azadirachtin with trunk injection at 1-3 mg per cm DBH(diameter at breast height) was above 90% on Panonychus citri(McGregor) 7 days after injection in the field,and remained above 75% in 60 days.The sublethal doses of azadirachtin on different developmental stages of P.citri were determined and their long-term effects on P.citri population were discovered to be the extension of developmental duration and reduced fecundity.
2013, 28(2): 158-165.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.014
Abstract:
This paper studied the technique of agarose extraction with EDTA-Na2 method.The main factors discussed were: EDTA-Na2 concentration,extraction temperature and extraction time on influencing in sulfate radical content and gel strength.Using the response surface method to optimize the extraction process,the best parameters were EDTA-Na2 concentration 4.5 g·L-1,extraction temperature 65℃ and extracting time 3 h.With the optimized parameters,the sulfate radical content and gel strength of agarose extracted were 0.48% and 1 073.09 g·cm-2,respectively.The optimal extraction parameters were verified by repetitive tests with relative error <1.0%.It is suggested that EDTA-Na2 method is accurate and repeatable in using for agarose extraction.
This paper studied the technique of agarose extraction with EDTA-Na2 method.The main factors discussed were: EDTA-Na2 concentration,extraction temperature and extraction time on influencing in sulfate radical content and gel strength.Using the response surface method to optimize the extraction process,the best parameters were EDTA-Na2 concentration 4.5 g·L-1,extraction temperature 65℃ and extracting time 3 h.With the optimized parameters,the sulfate radical content and gel strength of agarose extracted were 0.48% and 1 073.09 g·cm-2,respectively.The optimal extraction parameters were verified by repetitive tests with relative error <1.0%.It is suggested that EDTA-Na2 method is accurate and repeatable in using for agarose extraction.
2013, 28(2): 166-171.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.015
Abstract:
An automated,large-scale,high-efficiency system with intelligent remote-control was developed for the up-flow biogas tank at Xin-Xing Swine Breeding Co.,Ltd.in Fujian.The biogas production was significantly improved by the automatic controls on fermentation temperature,medium concentration and continuous stirring.The system included data acquisition,device control,automatic monitoring and parameter alarms to ensure safe and reliable operation of the biogas production.The remote control was introduced,and the entire process was fully automated,continuous and highly efficient for industrial applications.
An automated,large-scale,high-efficiency system with intelligent remote-control was developed for the up-flow biogas tank at Xin-Xing Swine Breeding Co.,Ltd.in Fujian.The biogas production was significantly improved by the automatic controls on fermentation temperature,medium concentration and continuous stirring.The system included data acquisition,device control,automatic monitoring and parameter alarms to ensure safe and reliable operation of the biogas production.The remote control was introduced,and the entire process was fully automated,continuous and highly efficient for industrial applications.
2013, 28(2): 172-176.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.016
Abstract:
Construction of rural sci-tech service complex is an effective way to solve the problems survived in rural socialized service and promote the development of urban-rural integration.In this article,on the basis of science and technology,the rural sci-tech service complex was generally designed to be a comprehensive and efficient rural service system,with the agricultural technological key problems and instructions,agricultural sci-tech demonstration,agricultural products logistics,peasants training,innovation of rural organization policy and the farmers' living service linked closely with each other,to transform the rural sci-tech from individual breakthrough to integrated chain.The construction of rural sci-tech service complex would follow these basic principles: with agriculture as foundation to adjust the local conditions,unified pattern and standard operation,leaded by market for the long acting development and multilateral cooperations with government as the guide.Three integrated service platforms,the rural logistics system,agricultural comprehensive experimental station(experts' court) and agricultural wisdom exposition(modern agricultural sci-tech garden),would be the key point for the rural sci-tech service complex construction,which should be operated as enterprise,primarily relied on farmer operative organization,effectively integrated rural service resources and gratefully supported by government.
Construction of rural sci-tech service complex is an effective way to solve the problems survived in rural socialized service and promote the development of urban-rural integration.In this article,on the basis of science and technology,the rural sci-tech service complex was generally designed to be a comprehensive and efficient rural service system,with the agricultural technological key problems and instructions,agricultural sci-tech demonstration,agricultural products logistics,peasants training,innovation of rural organization policy and the farmers' living service linked closely with each other,to transform the rural sci-tech from individual breakthrough to integrated chain.The construction of rural sci-tech service complex would follow these basic principles: with agriculture as foundation to adjust the local conditions,unified pattern and standard operation,leaded by market for the long acting development and multilateral cooperations with government as the guide.Three integrated service platforms,the rural logistics system,agricultural comprehensive experimental station(experts' court) and agricultural wisdom exposition(modern agricultural sci-tech garden),would be the key point for the rural sci-tech service complex construction,which should be operated as enterprise,primarily relied on farmer operative organization,effectively integrated rural service resources and gratefully supported by government.
2013, 28(2): 177-183.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.017
Abstract:
Using the data collected from the counties in Fujian during 2001-2010,a model on the agricultural technology progress,including the technology diffusion of non-agricultural sector,was constructed.The article also empirically analyzes the model based on the spatial econometrics.The result showed that the technological progress on the county level had a significant spatial correlation.However,the trend was weakened with accumulation of technology capital.Technological progress in the non-agriculture sector,investment of technology capital for agriculture,and agricultural technology diffusion in counties were major paths for the progress.Technology capital affected the capacity of non-agricultural technology diffusion to the agriculture sector,and was the major medium for the agricultural technology to spread to counties.Therefore,to encourage accumulation of technology capital was believed to be critical for the agricultural technology progress on the county level.
Using the data collected from the counties in Fujian during 2001-2010,a model on the agricultural technology progress,including the technology diffusion of non-agricultural sector,was constructed.The article also empirically analyzes the model based on the spatial econometrics.The result showed that the technological progress on the county level had a significant spatial correlation.However,the trend was weakened with accumulation of technology capital.Technological progress in the non-agriculture sector,investment of technology capital for agriculture,and agricultural technology diffusion in counties were major paths for the progress.Technology capital affected the capacity of non-agricultural technology diffusion to the agriculture sector,and was the major medium for the agricultural technology to spread to counties.Therefore,to encourage accumulation of technology capital was believed to be critical for the agricultural technology progress on the county level.
2013, 28(2): 184-191.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.018
Abstract:
Emergy analysis is one of the most effective means to study overall efficiency of the agro-ecosystems.This article briefly introduces the beginning and development of the theory and methods of the science.A comparison with the traditional energy analysis,ecological footprint,life cycle assessment,etc.is presented.Recent advances on its application for overall efficiency of agro-ecosystems are summarized.And,some existing problems and possible future direction of research in the field are also discussed.
Emergy analysis is one of the most effective means to study overall efficiency of the agro-ecosystems.This article briefly introduces the beginning and development of the theory and methods of the science.A comparison with the traditional energy analysis,ecological footprint,life cycle assessment,etc.is presented.Recent advances on its application for overall efficiency of agro-ecosystems are summarized.And,some existing problems and possible future direction of research in the field are also discussed.
2013, 28(2): 192-193.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2013.02.019
Abstract:
This paper reports a newly discovered species of Pleurotus.Pleurotus centralis Yu,Chen& Yao,sp.nov.ined,2012 has been officially recorded as a new species in China.
This paper reports a newly discovered species of Pleurotus.Pleurotus centralis Yu,Chen& Yao,sp.nov.ined,2012 has been officially recorded as a new species in China.
