2015 Vol. 30, No. 2
Display Method:
2015, 30(2): 113-116.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.001
Abstract:
Avian leukosis of laying hen caused serious harm in breeding industry in our province.To investigate the genetic evolution of subgroup J avian leucosis viruses(ALV-J)isolated from the local layer flocks in Fujian,the gp85 gene of three isolates from different farms in Fujian were sequenced and analysis.By comparing with the gp85 gene of the 18 reference strains from both at home and abroad in GenBank,the results showed that the gp85 gene of these three were highly related with domestic layer isolates subgroup II(including CL09DP02,GL09DP01 and HuB09JY03)and the prototype ALV-J strain HPRS-103(97.8%-99.6%),indicating that the layer ALV-J isolates in Fujian may have the same origination with part of the domestic layer isolates.
Avian leukosis of laying hen caused serious harm in breeding industry in our province.To investigate the genetic evolution of subgroup J avian leucosis viruses(ALV-J)isolated from the local layer flocks in Fujian,the gp85 gene of three isolates from different farms in Fujian were sequenced and analysis.By comparing with the gp85 gene of the 18 reference strains from both at home and abroad in GenBank,the results showed that the gp85 gene of these three were highly related with domestic layer isolates subgroup II(including CL09DP02,GL09DP01 and HuB09JY03)and the prototype ALV-J strain HPRS-103(97.8%-99.6%),indicating that the layer ALV-J isolates in Fujian may have the same origination with part of the domestic layer isolates.
2015, 30(2): 117-120.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.002
Abstract:
394bp fragment was amplified and cloned from genomic DNA of the diseased A.Rostrataand A.bicolor bicolor.The nucleotide homology was 100% with DNA polymerase of 6eels herpesvirus(HQ992949,GU233800,FJ940765,EU349272,EU349271,AF333066)and 99% of 2eels herpesvirus(GU205167,AF363783).The suspension of gill,liver and kidney from diseased A.bicolor bicolor and diseased A.Rostrata which filtered through a filter membrane to get rid of bacteria was used to infected EPC cells,CPE appeared after 7d.Now we have cultivated 14 generations fromA.bicolor bicolor and 5generations fromA.Rostrata.
394bp fragment was amplified and cloned from genomic DNA of the diseased A.Rostrataand A.bicolor bicolor.The nucleotide homology was 100% with DNA polymerase of 6eels herpesvirus(HQ992949,GU233800,FJ940765,EU349272,EU349271,AF333066)and 99% of 2eels herpesvirus(GU205167,AF363783).The suspension of gill,liver and kidney from diseased A.bicolor bicolor and diseased A.Rostrata which filtered through a filter membrane to get rid of bacteria was used to infected EPC cells,CPE appeared after 7d.Now we have cultivated 14 generations fromA.bicolor bicolor and 5generations fromA.Rostrata.
2015, 30(2): 121-124.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.003
Abstract:
Mintang 97-301 selected from the cross combination CP65-357×YC84-153 was a new sugarcane cultivar with middle stem,high yield,high sucrose content and wide adaptability.The results from different sites for several years showed that its mean cane yield was 124.013t·hm-2,which was 7.86% higher than that of check.Sucrose content of cane was 15.40% during the period of Nov.to Jan.Sugar yield was 19.094t·hm-2,which was11.74% higher than that of check in Fujian Province.It was a wide adaptability cultivar,not easily affected by the environment.Stalk number and stalk length were both the important factors of cane yield,and their effects were the strongest to cane yield.In cultivation,we should place emphasis on increasing millable stalk and stalk length.
Mintang 97-301 selected from the cross combination CP65-357×YC84-153 was a new sugarcane cultivar with middle stem,high yield,high sucrose content and wide adaptability.The results from different sites for several years showed that its mean cane yield was 124.013t·hm-2,which was 7.86% higher than that of check.Sucrose content of cane was 15.40% during the period of Nov.to Jan.Sugar yield was 19.094t·hm-2,which was11.74% higher than that of check in Fujian Province.It was a wide adaptability cultivar,not easily affected by the environment.Stalk number and stalk length were both the important factors of cane yield,and their effects were the strongest to cane yield.In cultivation,we should place emphasis on increasing millable stalk and stalk length.
2015, 30(2): 125-130.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.004
Abstract:
In this paper,the effects of different carbon sources and 6-BA concentration on adventitious buds growth and polysaccharide accumulation in P.cyrtonema Hua were studied.Resultsindicated that,sucrose was more suitable for the adventitious buds formation than glucose and maltose.High concentration of 6-BA inhibited the adventitious buds growth and polysaccharide accumulation,and the suitable concentration should be controlled below 1.0 mg·L-1.With the increase of sucrose concentration,dry-weight rate and polysaccharide contention were also increase.Combined with the growth rate,the most suitable sucrose concentration for P.cyrtonema Hua growth was 80g·L-1.
In this paper,the effects of different carbon sources and 6-BA concentration on adventitious buds growth and polysaccharide accumulation in P.cyrtonema Hua were studied.Resultsindicated that,sucrose was more suitable for the adventitious buds formation than glucose and maltose.High concentration of 6-BA inhibited the adventitious buds growth and polysaccharide accumulation,and the suitable concentration should be controlled below 1.0 mg·L-1.With the increase of sucrose concentration,dry-weight rate and polysaccharide contention were also increase.Combined with the growth rate,the most suitable sucrose concentration for P.cyrtonema Hua growth was 80g·L-1.
2015, 30(2): 131-135.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.005
Abstract:
Genetic relationship of 37 Dendrobium was studied by ISSR technique.Fifteen primers with clear and polymorphic bands were screened out from 72 ISSR random primers.Eighty-nine locus were detected with polymorphic percentage in 100%.As analyzed by NTSYS-PC2.0,the genetic similarity of 37 Dendrobium were ranged from 0.50-0.85 and grouped into 7sub-cluster when the similarity coefficient was 0.55.The results indicated that plants of medicinal Dendrobium were rich in genetic diversity and their genetic relationship could be studied by ISSR technique.
Genetic relationship of 37 Dendrobium was studied by ISSR technique.Fifteen primers with clear and polymorphic bands were screened out from 72 ISSR random primers.Eighty-nine locus were detected with polymorphic percentage in 100%.As analyzed by NTSYS-PC2.0,the genetic similarity of 37 Dendrobium were ranged from 0.50-0.85 and grouped into 7sub-cluster when the similarity coefficient was 0.55.The results indicated that plants of medicinal Dendrobium were rich in genetic diversity and their genetic relationship could be studied by ISSR technique.
2015, 30(2): 136-140.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.006
Abstract:
A 1309 bp full length cDNA sequence of PsACO1 gene were isolated from Furong plum(Prunus salicina Lindl.)through RT-PCR and RACE technology.The isolated gene contains a 957 bp open reading frame and encodes a protein of 319 amino acids with isoelectric point of 5.28 and molecular weight of 36.24 kD.PsACO1protein contains characteristic domains of ACO proteins.The phylogenetic analysis results showed that PsACO1 has close corelation with ACO protein fromPrunus persica,Prunus mume,Eriobotryajaponica,Malus domestica and Prunus domestica.
A 1309 bp full length cDNA sequence of PsACO1 gene were isolated from Furong plum(Prunus salicina Lindl.)through RT-PCR and RACE technology.The isolated gene contains a 957 bp open reading frame and encodes a protein of 319 amino acids with isoelectric point of 5.28 and molecular weight of 36.24 kD.PsACO1protein contains characteristic domains of ACO proteins.The phylogenetic analysis results showed that PsACO1 has close corelation with ACO protein fromPrunus persica,Prunus mume,Eriobotryajaponica,Malus domestica and Prunus domestica.
2015, 30(2): 141-145.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.007
Abstract:
The components and contents of sugars of different parts of 4loquat cultivars(Xinbai 1,Ruantiao Baisha,Jiefangzhong and Zhongjin 2)were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The results showed that the major components of sugars were fructose,glucose,sucrose and sorbitol.The sugar with high proportion in Xinbai 1,Ruantiao Baisha,Jiefangzhong and Zhongjin 2 was as sucrose and fructose,fructose and glucose,fructose and sucrose,sucrose,respectively.The total sugar content of Xinbai 1were the highest,which of Zhongjin 2were the second,while that of Ruantiao Baisha were the least.The total sugar content in peel was far lower than that in pulp.In pulps,the total sugar content was the highest in the fruit apex of Xinbai 1and Ruantiao Baisha,while that in the fruit base of Jiefangzhong and Zhongjin 2.
The components and contents of sugars of different parts of 4loquat cultivars(Xinbai 1,Ruantiao Baisha,Jiefangzhong and Zhongjin 2)were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The results showed that the major components of sugars were fructose,glucose,sucrose and sorbitol.The sugar with high proportion in Xinbai 1,Ruantiao Baisha,Jiefangzhong and Zhongjin 2 was as sucrose and fructose,fructose and glucose,fructose and sucrose,sucrose,respectively.The total sugar content of Xinbai 1were the highest,which of Zhongjin 2were the second,while that of Ruantiao Baisha were the least.The total sugar content in peel was far lower than that in pulp.In pulps,the total sugar content was the highest in the fruit apex of Xinbai 1and Ruantiao Baisha,while that in the fruit base of Jiefangzhong and Zhongjin 2.
2015, 30(2): 146-149.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.008
Abstract:
In vitro antioxidant effect and in food sanitation for loquat flower tea were studied based on its water extract.The result showed that total antioxidant capacity of the tea was up to 1 126.4U·g-1 and was 2.18 times of it in jasmine.Its ability in scavenging hydroxyl radicals was 6.04×105 U·g-1,equivalent to it of green tea.The total antioxidant capacity of loquat tea changed with storage temperature and kept stably within 60 days under 4℃.The total bacterial colony number was 500CFU·g-1 and no Coli group detected,which met the food sanitation requirements by trade standards and local standards for substitute tea.
In vitro antioxidant effect and in food sanitation for loquat flower tea were studied based on its water extract.The result showed that total antioxidant capacity of the tea was up to 1 126.4U·g-1 and was 2.18 times of it in jasmine.Its ability in scavenging hydroxyl radicals was 6.04×105 U·g-1,equivalent to it of green tea.The total antioxidant capacity of loquat tea changed with storage temperature and kept stably within 60 days under 4℃.The total bacterial colony number was 500CFU·g-1 and no Coli group detected,which met the food sanitation requirements by trade standards and local standards for substitute tea.
2015, 30(2): 150-156.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.009
Abstract:
The quality of substrate is a key factor for pepper plug seedling growth.In this study,six commercial substrates usually used in Fujian Province,and three compound substrates mixed with vermiculite,peat soil and perlite were tested for pepper plug seedling growth.Some physical and chemical properties of the seedling substrates were determined and the growth of pepper seedling was also studied.The results showed that different substrates significantly impact on the morphological index of pepper seedling.The Baili and Chaimihe substrates performed better than the other 7substrates with respect to pepper seedling plant height,stem diameter,canopy,sound seedling index and G value.In conclusion,Baili and Chaimihe substrates were suitable for pepper plug seedling growth in Fujian Province.
The quality of substrate is a key factor for pepper plug seedling growth.In this study,six commercial substrates usually used in Fujian Province,and three compound substrates mixed with vermiculite,peat soil and perlite were tested for pepper plug seedling growth.Some physical and chemical properties of the seedling substrates were determined and the growth of pepper seedling was also studied.The results showed that different substrates significantly impact on the morphological index of pepper seedling.The Baili and Chaimihe substrates performed better than the other 7substrates with respect to pepper seedling plant height,stem diameter,canopy,sound seedling index and G value.In conclusion,Baili and Chaimihe substrates were suitable for pepper plug seedling growth in Fujian Province.
2015, 30(2): 157-162.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.010
Abstract:
The condition and method for seed germination of ‘Nongke180'tomato was investigated in this experiment.The effects of different media on establishment for Nongke180'tomato plantlets were studied by using shoot tip,cotyledon and hypocotyl as explant.Meanwhile,the suitable medium for the proliferation of‘Nongke180'tomato fascicular gemma was selected by screening in different media.The results showed that the uniformly-growing aseptic seedlings were obtained by disinfecting Nongke180'tomato seed with 10%(v/v)sodium hypochlorite for 20 minutes after accelerating germination.The different media were used for inducing adventitious buds of different ‘Nongke180'tomato explant.Among the media,the medium MS+2.0 mg·L-1 BA+0.5mg·L-1 IAA was suitable for inducing adventitious buds of its cotyledon,the medium of MS+0.1mg·L-1 BA+0.1mg·L-1 IBA was suitable for inducing adventitious buds of its shoot tip,while MS+0.1mg·L-1 BA+0.1mg·L-1 IBA performed better effect on the proliferation of Nongke180'tomato fascicular gemma.
The condition and method for seed germination of ‘Nongke180'tomato was investigated in this experiment.The effects of different media on establishment for Nongke180'tomato plantlets were studied by using shoot tip,cotyledon and hypocotyl as explant.Meanwhile,the suitable medium for the proliferation of‘Nongke180'tomato fascicular gemma was selected by screening in different media.The results showed that the uniformly-growing aseptic seedlings were obtained by disinfecting Nongke180'tomato seed with 10%(v/v)sodium hypochlorite for 20 minutes after accelerating germination.The different media were used for inducing adventitious buds of different ‘Nongke180'tomato explant.Among the media,the medium MS+2.0 mg·L-1 BA+0.5mg·L-1 IAA was suitable for inducing adventitious buds of its cotyledon,the medium of MS+0.1mg·L-1 BA+0.1mg·L-1 IBA was suitable for inducing adventitious buds of its shoot tip,while MS+0.1mg·L-1 BA+0.1mg·L-1 IBA performed better effect on the proliferation of Nongke180'tomato fascicular gemma.
2015, 30(2): 163-167.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.011
Abstract:
To investigate acute toxicity and antioxidant capacity,seleniferous Pleurotus geesteranus mycelia(SP)were given to groups of ICR mice and D-galactose induced oxidative damaged mice,respectively.The maximal tolerance dose(MTD)in SP for mice was greater than 20.0g·kg-1 body weight,which defined SP no risk in acute toxicity.Comparing with model control group(CK-M),the MDA and protein carbonyl in mouse serum were decreased significantly by 20.08%,22.19%,39.26% and 38.31%,44.16%,25.32% for SP-L,SP-M,SP-H groups,respectively;while GSH-Px of mice in three SP groups was increased(P<0.05),especially in SP-M and SP-H groups for 18.5%.However,there were no significant differences between three SP groups with CK group in serum MDA,protein carbonyl and GSH-Px contents.The results indicated that the protective effect of SP might enable in restoration for oxidative damaged mice getting back to normal like those in control group.
To investigate acute toxicity and antioxidant capacity,seleniferous Pleurotus geesteranus mycelia(SP)were given to groups of ICR mice and D-galactose induced oxidative damaged mice,respectively.The maximal tolerance dose(MTD)in SP for mice was greater than 20.0g·kg-1 body weight,which defined SP no risk in acute toxicity.Comparing with model control group(CK-M),the MDA and protein carbonyl in mouse serum were decreased significantly by 20.08%,22.19%,39.26% and 38.31%,44.16%,25.32% for SP-L,SP-M,SP-H groups,respectively;while GSH-Px of mice in three SP groups was increased(P<0.05),especially in SP-M and SP-H groups for 18.5%.However,there were no significant differences between three SP groups with CK group in serum MDA,protein carbonyl and GSH-Px contents.The results indicated that the protective effect of SP might enable in restoration for oxidative damaged mice getting back to normal like those in control group.
2015, 30(2): 168-171.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.012
Abstract:
To develop a technique for the quick detection of Ralstonia solanacearum of Peanut,a nested PCR was established.Bacterial universal primer pair L1/L2,based on the intergenic transcribed spacer(ITS)region of 16S-23 S ribosomal DNA of bacteria,was used as the first round primers and the PCR products were cloned and sequenced.A pair of special PCR primers W1/W2 was designed as the second round primers.The prime pair could amplify a single 374 bp band from genomic DNA of Ralstonia solanacearum in peanut,but not from other bacteria.The sensibility of nested PCR reached 10fg·μL-1 of DNA,1 000 times higher than that of a sample PCR.Using nested PCR assay,the pathogen could be specifically detected from infected peanut plants with or without disease symptom.
To develop a technique for the quick detection of Ralstonia solanacearum of Peanut,a nested PCR was established.Bacterial universal primer pair L1/L2,based on the intergenic transcribed spacer(ITS)region of 16S-23 S ribosomal DNA of bacteria,was used as the first round primers and the PCR products were cloned and sequenced.A pair of special PCR primers W1/W2 was designed as the second round primers.The prime pair could amplify a single 374 bp band from genomic DNA of Ralstonia solanacearum in peanut,but not from other bacteria.The sensibility of nested PCR reached 10fg·μL-1 of DNA,1 000 times higher than that of a sample PCR.Using nested PCR assay,the pathogen could be specifically detected from infected peanut plants with or without disease symptom.
2015, 30(2): 172-175.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.013
Abstract:
By using specific primers designed on the basis of conserved sequences of coat protein(CP)gene,a multiplex PCR protocol for the detection of three main viruses(Iris mild mosaic virus,IMMV;Narcissus latent virus,NLV;Bean yellow mosaic virus,BYMV)in Bulbous Iris was developed.Three specific fragments were simultaneously amplified in one PCR reaction system.Their molecular weights were 770 bp,266bp and186 bp respectively.Sequence analysis indicated that the three virus sequences shared at least 98 percent identities with that of other relative viruses.The result showed that the sensitivity of this protocol equaled to be able to detect the three viruses at the level of 10-2 mg Bulbous Iris tissue.
By using specific primers designed on the basis of conserved sequences of coat protein(CP)gene,a multiplex PCR protocol for the detection of three main viruses(Iris mild mosaic virus,IMMV;Narcissus latent virus,NLV;Bean yellow mosaic virus,BYMV)in Bulbous Iris was developed.Three specific fragments were simultaneously amplified in one PCR reaction system.Their molecular weights were 770 bp,266bp and186 bp respectively.Sequence analysis indicated that the three virus sequences shared at least 98 percent identities with that of other relative viruses.The result showed that the sensitivity of this protocol equaled to be able to detect the three viruses at the level of 10-2 mg Bulbous Iris tissue.
2015, 30(2): 176-179.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.014
Abstract:
We investigated the population dynamics and spatial distribution of main pests on alpine Brassica oleracea L.in Zhouning county from April to June,2013.The results showed that Plutella xyllostella,Myzus persicae and Phyllotreta striolata are the main pests in the vegetable field.Meanwhile,aggregation indexes and Iwao regression methods were used to explore the spatial distribution pattern on the alpine Brassica oleracea L..Our results showed that the aggregation index of P.xyllostellaand M.persicae distribution in the five different fields are I>0,M*/m>1,CA >0,C>1,K>0,suggesting that there has an aggregative spatial distribution of P.striolatain the field of 1,2,3,and uniform in the field of 4and 5.
We investigated the population dynamics and spatial distribution of main pests on alpine Brassica oleracea L.in Zhouning county from April to June,2013.The results showed that Plutella xyllostella,Myzus persicae and Phyllotreta striolata are the main pests in the vegetable field.Meanwhile,aggregation indexes and Iwao regression methods were used to explore the spatial distribution pattern on the alpine Brassica oleracea L..Our results showed that the aggregation index of P.xyllostellaand M.persicae distribution in the five different fields are I>0,M*/m>1,CA >0,C>1,K>0,suggesting that there has an aggregative spatial distribution of P.striolatain the field of 1,2,3,and uniform in the field of 4and 5.
2015, 30(2): 180-183.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.015
Abstract:
147 Botrytis cinerea strains were isolated from tomato,eggplant,hot pepper and cucumber in the greenhouse of Fuqing,Changle,Lianjiang and Minqing.Resistance detection of Botrytis cinerea in Fuzhou to Procymidone and Pyrimethanil was characterized by measuring diameters of mycelial growth.Our results showed that the resistance of Botrytis cinereain Fuzhou to Procymidone and Pyrimethanil are high,with EC50 values from0.063 4-10.057 9μg·mL-1 and 0.105 2-102.346 5μg·mL-1,and resistance frequency are 76% and 73%,separately.The highest resistant frequency for the two fungicides was both 100%.The percentage of high-resistant isolates to Procymidone and pyrimethanil were 48% and 54%.In geographical,the resistanct frequency to Procymidone and Pyrimethanil in Fuqing,Changle,Lianjiang and Minqing were 74%,73%,82%,73% and 84%,82%,74%,51% respectively,suggesting that the resistant frequency of Mingqing is lower than the other three places.In host plants,the resistance frequency of isolates collected from tomato,eggplant,hot pepper and cucumber to Procymidone and Pyrimethanil were 77%,73%,73%,78% and 74%,73%,67%,76%respectively,suggesting that there have no resistant differences in host plants.
147 Botrytis cinerea strains were isolated from tomato,eggplant,hot pepper and cucumber in the greenhouse of Fuqing,Changle,Lianjiang and Minqing.Resistance detection of Botrytis cinerea in Fuzhou to Procymidone and Pyrimethanil was characterized by measuring diameters of mycelial growth.Our results showed that the resistance of Botrytis cinereain Fuzhou to Procymidone and Pyrimethanil are high,with EC50 values from0.063 4-10.057 9μg·mL-1 and 0.105 2-102.346 5μg·mL-1,and resistance frequency are 76% and 73%,separately.The highest resistant frequency for the two fungicides was both 100%.The percentage of high-resistant isolates to Procymidone and pyrimethanil were 48% and 54%.In geographical,the resistanct frequency to Procymidone and Pyrimethanil in Fuqing,Changle,Lianjiang and Minqing were 74%,73%,82%,73% and 84%,82%,74%,51% respectively,suggesting that the resistant frequency of Mingqing is lower than the other three places.In host plants,the resistance frequency of isolates collected from tomato,eggplant,hot pepper and cucumber to Procymidone and Pyrimethanil were 77%,73%,73%,78% and 74%,73%,67%,76%respectively,suggesting that there have no resistant differences in host plants.
2015, 30(2): 184-187.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.016
Abstract:
In order to effectively control annual grass weeds of rice fields in Fujian,three herbicides with different concentrations,including 1% oxaziclomefone suspending agent,10% bispyribac-sodium suspension and 20%Cyhalofop-butyl oil suspension,were selected to control grass weeds,such as Echinochloa crusgalli(L.)Beauv.,Leptochloa chinensis(Linn.)Nees in Youyang township of Xianyou,Putian city.The results showed that:20%Cyhalofop-butyl oil suspension is the best herbicide in direct seeding paddy fields to control grass weeds and the control effect was above 80% after 30d-treatment.The recommended concentrations of the herbicide ranged from45g·hm-2 to 105 g·hm-2(active ingredient)with the water 675 L·hm-2.Under the recommended concentrations,the herbicide is safe to rice.
In order to effectively control annual grass weeds of rice fields in Fujian,three herbicides with different concentrations,including 1% oxaziclomefone suspending agent,10% bispyribac-sodium suspension and 20%Cyhalofop-butyl oil suspension,were selected to control grass weeds,such as Echinochloa crusgalli(L.)Beauv.,Leptochloa chinensis(Linn.)Nees in Youyang township of Xianyou,Putian city.The results showed that:20%Cyhalofop-butyl oil suspension is the best herbicide in direct seeding paddy fields to control grass weeds and the control effect was above 80% after 30d-treatment.The recommended concentrations of the herbicide ranged from45g·hm-2 to 105 g·hm-2(active ingredient)with the water 675 L·hm-2.Under the recommended concentrations,the herbicide is safe to rice.
2015, 30(2): 188-191.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.017
Abstract:
Brown rot caused by Mycogone perniciosa Magn.is a main disease of straw mushroom.In the present study,the effect of integrated control technologies including chemical control and physical control on the brown rot of straw mushroom was investigated.The results showed that the control efficacy after application for 5or 10 days were attributed to 1∶1 500 dilution of 50%sporgon(90.70%,89.66%)>1∶1 200 dilution of 45%thiabendazole>1∶1 000 dilution of 50% thiram>1∶800dilution of 50% carbendazim.Cleaning of the environment before composting and spray disinfection with 1∶1 500 dilution of 50%sporgon could significantly decreased the damage of M.perniciosaand the control efficiency was 87.97%,but the control efficacy reached 92.47% after sterilizing the mushroom house and culture components at 60℃for 24 h.Our results suggest that the integrated control including chemical control and physical control could control the brown rot on straw mushroom efficiently with 97.97%.
Brown rot caused by Mycogone perniciosa Magn.is a main disease of straw mushroom.In the present study,the effect of integrated control technologies including chemical control and physical control on the brown rot of straw mushroom was investigated.The results showed that the control efficacy after application for 5or 10 days were attributed to 1∶1 500 dilution of 50%sporgon(90.70%,89.66%)>1∶1 200 dilution of 45%thiabendazole>1∶1 000 dilution of 50% thiram>1∶800dilution of 50% carbendazim.Cleaning of the environment before composting and spray disinfection with 1∶1 500 dilution of 50%sporgon could significantly decreased the damage of M.perniciosaand the control efficiency was 87.97%,but the control efficacy reached 92.47% after sterilizing the mushroom house and culture components at 60℃for 24 h.Our results suggest that the integrated control including chemical control and physical control could control the brown rot on straw mushroom efficiently with 97.97%.
2015, 30(2): 192-197.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.018
Abstract:
Optimization of solid-state fermentation condition for the biocontrol strain of Trichoderma harzianum FJAT-9040 using single factor analysis,Box-Behnken design.and response surface methodology(RSM).The constitute of fermentation condition initial moisture,initial inoculation amount,culture temperature were determined by single factor experiment,then the optimal condition was optimized using Box-Behnken design and RSM.The result of single factor showed that the initial moisture,initial inoculation amount,culture temperature were 50%,5%,28℃,respectively.The results showed that initial moisture and culture temperature were significant for the biomass of strain of T.harzianum based on the response surface methodology analysis(P <0.05).The optimum fermentation conditions were as followed:initial moisture 53%,initial inoculation amount 7%,culture temperature 29℃,the average sporulation yield reached to 4.04×109cfu·g-1,which was closed to the actual 3.86×109 cfu·g-1.
Optimization of solid-state fermentation condition for the biocontrol strain of Trichoderma harzianum FJAT-9040 using single factor analysis,Box-Behnken design.and response surface methodology(RSM).The constitute of fermentation condition initial moisture,initial inoculation amount,culture temperature were determined by single factor experiment,then the optimal condition was optimized using Box-Behnken design and RSM.The result of single factor showed that the initial moisture,initial inoculation amount,culture temperature were 50%,5%,28℃,respectively.The results showed that initial moisture and culture temperature were significant for the biomass of strain of T.harzianum based on the response surface methodology analysis(P <0.05).The optimum fermentation conditions were as followed:initial moisture 53%,initial inoculation amount 7%,culture temperature 29℃,the average sporulation yield reached to 4.04×109cfu·g-1,which was closed to the actual 3.86×109 cfu·g-1.
2015, 30(2): 198-203.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.019
Abstract:
Based on the field survey and laboratory analysis,the effect of applying spent mushroom culture residues to tea garden was investigated on the soil in organic carbon content and humus composition.There were 4treatments including:only applying nitrogen fertilizer(M0),50% nitrogen fertilizer+50% spent mushroom culture residues(M1),only spent mushroom culture residues as fertilizer(M2)and double amount spent mushroom culture residues(M3).The results showed that the soil organic carbon,humic acid(HA),fulvic acid(FA)and humin(HM)were increased in 0-20 cm soil layer by applying spent mushroom culture resides as fertilizer for three years.Comparing with applying nitrogen fertilizer alone(M0),the indices were increased for 43.10%-104.21%,52.89%-157.14%,31.07%-74.30% and 44.96%-107.35%,respectively.These increases were not detected significantly in 20-40 cm soil layer.The E4/E6 ratio and△logK of soil increased significantly in humic acid for M2 and M3treatments but not in fulvic acid of various treatments.The findings indicate that applying spent mushroom culture residues as fertilizer may conduce to organic carbon accumulation in the soil,in addition to promote the process of soil humification.
Based on the field survey and laboratory analysis,the effect of applying spent mushroom culture residues to tea garden was investigated on the soil in organic carbon content and humus composition.There were 4treatments including:only applying nitrogen fertilizer(M0),50% nitrogen fertilizer+50% spent mushroom culture residues(M1),only spent mushroom culture residues as fertilizer(M2)and double amount spent mushroom culture residues(M3).The results showed that the soil organic carbon,humic acid(HA),fulvic acid(FA)and humin(HM)were increased in 0-20 cm soil layer by applying spent mushroom culture resides as fertilizer for three years.Comparing with applying nitrogen fertilizer alone(M0),the indices were increased for 43.10%-104.21%,52.89%-157.14%,31.07%-74.30% and 44.96%-107.35%,respectively.These increases were not detected significantly in 20-40 cm soil layer.The E4/E6 ratio and△logK of soil increased significantly in humic acid for M2 and M3treatments but not in fulvic acid of various treatments.The findings indicate that applying spent mushroom culture residues as fertilizer may conduce to organic carbon accumulation in the soil,in addition to promote the process of soil humification.
2015, 30(2): 204-207.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2015.02.020
Abstract:
Protein and other nutrients are rich in straws of Vicia faba,which has much more value compared with other crop straws.Returning to field as a fertilizer,broad bean straw could improve soil fertility and crop yield.Faba bean straw was also used as biological matrix for edible fungi and as high nutrient feed for livestock,such as pig,sheep,cattle and goose,by treated with chemical or biological methods.As a renewable resource,faba bean straw could be used for producing hydrogen,methane and other clean energy,as well as activated carbon.In order to provide reference for the scientific utilization of faba bean straw,the situations of exploitation and utilization in agriculture,animal husbandry and other aspects were introduced in this review.Finally,suggestions associated with future research for broad bean straw were proposed.
Protein and other nutrients are rich in straws of Vicia faba,which has much more value compared with other crop straws.Returning to field as a fertilizer,broad bean straw could improve soil fertility and crop yield.Faba bean straw was also used as biological matrix for edible fungi and as high nutrient feed for livestock,such as pig,sheep,cattle and goose,by treated with chemical or biological methods.As a renewable resource,faba bean straw could be used for producing hydrogen,methane and other clean energy,as well as activated carbon.In order to provide reference for the scientific utilization of faba bean straw,the situations of exploitation and utilization in agriculture,animal husbandry and other aspects were introduced in this review.Finally,suggestions associated with future research for broad bean straw were proposed.
