Functional Microorganisms in Tomato Stalks/Maize Straws Co-compost Unveiled by Integrated Meta-omics

ZHU Yi; LI Junliang; JIAO Bo; ZHU Qianqian; ZHANG Xiaomei

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.07.010

Volume 35 Issue 7

Jul. 2020

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Article Navigation > Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences > 2020 > 35(7): 764-772

ZHU Y, LI J L, JIAO B, et al. Functional Microorganisms in Tomato Stalks/Maize Straws Co-compost Unveiled by Integrated Meta-omics [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences，2020，35（7）：764−772 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.07.010

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ZHU Y, LI J L, JIAO B, et al. Functional Microorganisms in Tomato Stalks/Maize Straws Co-compost Unveiled by Integrated Meta-omics [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences，2020，35（7）：764−772 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.07.010

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Functional Microorganisms in Tomato Stalks/Maize Straws Co-compost Unveiled by Integrated Meta-omics

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.07.010

College of Resource and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 　266109, China

Received Date: 2019-10-04
Rev Recd Date: 2020-01-13
Publish Date: 2020-07-31

Abstract

Abstract

Objective The integrated meta-omics was applied to reveal the functional microorganisms in the tomato stalks/maize straws compost. Method Sampling from the pile of a compost of tomato stalks and maize straws in the ratio of 3:1 (m: m) at the height of 20–50 cm was carried out once every week for lignocellulosic enzyme assay. When a peak enzymatic activity appeared, specimens were collected and the integrated meta-omic analysis that combined high-throughput pyrosequencing and Orbitrap studies was conducted. Result The greatest population of fungi in the compost belonged to the phylum Ascomycota, in which, Thermomyces was the most abundant accounting for 70.5%. Thermomyces is known to secret endo-1,4-β-xylanase that degrades hemicellulose in biomass. Of the total bacteria population, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes phyla made up 87.0%, and the two genera of Actinobacteria, Thermobifida and Saccharomonospora, accounted for 16.5% and 1.36%, respectively. Thermobifida is capable of degrading cellulose with its 4 endoglucanases and 3 cellobiohydrolases. It also secrets enzymes associated with hemicellulose and pectate degradation. Saccharomonospora produces a β-xylanase, 2 serine proteases and 2 trypsins involved in the decomposition of hemicelluloses and proteins. Idiomarina was the major genus of Proteobacteria found in the compost with a relative abundance of 15.6%. It involves in protein degradation. Although low in abundance (merely 1.23%), Planifilum of Firmicutes phylum plays an import role in degrading hemicelluloses. Conclusion The integrated meta-omics that combined pyrosequencing and Orbitrap analysis provided a new tool for studying the community structure and functions of the microorganisms in a complex habitat such as a compost of different bio-materials. With the information obtained, ways to accelerate the composting process could be explored.
- Integrated meta-omics,
- tomato stalk,
- functional microorganism,
- Thermomyces

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