养殖密度对瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼生长品质和生化指标的影响

姚清华; 颜孙安; 郭清雄; 胡兵; 林虬

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2018.07.004

养殖密度对瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼生长品质和生化指标的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2018.07.004

姚清华^1,,
颜孙安¹,
郭清雄²,
胡兵³,
林虬^1, ,

1.
福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所/福建省水产饲料质量监督检验站, 福建福州 350003
2.
福建正源饲料有限公司, 福建莆田 351111
3.
福建省特种水产配合饲料重点实验室, 福建福清 350308

基金项目:

福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项 2016R1024-4

福建省财政专项——福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目 STIT2017-1-12

福建省农业科学院青年英才基金项目 YC2017-8

福建省特种水产配合饲料重点实验室开放基金 TMKJZ1702

莆田市科技局创新项目 2015N3005

详细信息

作者简介:
姚清华(1985-), 男, 硕士, 助理研究员, 主要从事水产动物营养与质量安全研究(E-mail:yaoyaoshuimu@163.com)

通讯作者:
林虬(1963-), 男, 副研究员, 主要从事农产品营养与质量安全研究(E-mail:linqiu3163@163.com)

中图分类号: S965
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-05-09
- 修回日期: 2018-06-06
- 刊出日期: 2018-07-01

Effects of Stocking Density on Growth Performance and Parameters of Pelteobagrus vachelli Juveniles

1.
Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Aquatic Feed Quality Control and Inspection Station, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
2.
Fujian Zhengyuan Feed Co. Ltd., Putian, Fujian 351111, China
3.
Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Special Aquatic Formula Feed, Fuqing, Fujian 350308, China

摘要

摘要: 为探讨养殖密度对瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、肌肉成分、血液生理生化指标的影响，选用初始体重为（25.23±0.09）g的瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼，分别设置G1、G2、G3、G4试验组，养殖密度分别为0.50、1.01、1.51、2.02 kg·m^-3（即20、40、60、80尾·m^-3），在循环水养殖系统中进行60 d的养殖试验。结果表明，幼鱼的终末体长、终末体重、特定生长率、肥满度随养殖密度增大而下降，饲料系数则呈上升趋势；G1组瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼终末体长、终末体重、特定生长率、肥满度、存活率显著高于G3组和G4组（P < 0.05），但G1、G2组鱼体肥满度、饲料系数及存活率无显著差异（P>0.05）。肌肉中蛋白质含量随养殖密度增加而上升，脂肪含量则呈下降趋势，G1组瓦氏黄颡鱼肌肉蛋白质含量显著低于其他处理组（P < 0.05），脂肪含量显著高于其他处理组（P < 0.05）。血液白蛋白、溶菌酶水平随养殖密度增高呈下降趋势（P < 0.05），G1组显著高于G3、G4组（P < 0.05）；谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶水平随养殖密度增高呈升高趋势（P < 0.05），G1、G2组显著低于G3、G4组（P < 0.05）；在试验条件下，养殖密度对鱼体抗氧化能力影响不显著（P>0.05）。综合分析，在本试验条件下，体质量为（25.23±0.09）g的瓦氏黄颡鱼适宜放养密度约为1.01 kg·m^-3，该结果可为工厂化养殖提供参考依据。
- 瓦氏黄颡鱼 /
- 养殖密度 /
- 生长 /
- 肌肉组分 /
- 生理生化
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of stocking density on growth, muscle composition and blood parameters of Pelteobagrus vachelli juveniles. A 60 day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of stocking density on growth, muscle composition and blood parameters of juvenile yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus vachelli). A total of 600 juvenile yellow catfish with an initial body weight of (25.23±0.09) g were randomly distributed into four different stocking density groups with 3 replicates per group of G1 (0.50 kg·m^-3, 20 fish·m^-3), G2 (1.01 kg·m^-3, 40 fish·m^-3), G3 (1.51 kg·m^-3, 60 fish·m^-3), G4 (2.02 kg·m^-3, 80 fish·m^-3). The results showed that the growth and feed coefficient of juvenile yellow catfish were effected significantly by stocking density (P < 0.05). Final body length, final body weight, specific growth rate and condition factor decreased with an increase in stocking density, whereas the feed coefficient showed the opposite tendency (P < 0.05). Final body length, final body weight, specific growth rate, condition factor and survive rate of fish in G1 were higher than those in G3 and G4 (P < 0.05), but the condition factor, feed coefficient and survive rate of G1 and G2 were with no significant difference(P>0.05).Muscle protein content increased significantly with the increase in stocking density, whereas muscle lipid content decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Muscle protein content of fish in G1 was lower than others, whereas the lipid content showed the opposite tendency (P < 0.05). Lower stocking density groups had higher albumin content and lysozyme activity in blood (P < 0.05), whereas glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activities showed the opposite tendency(P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in blood total antioxidant capacity among all groups(P>0.05). In conclusion, 1.01 kg·m^-3 was considered to be a suitable stocking density for juvenile yellow catfish with an initial body weight of (25.23±0.09) g.
- Pelteobagrus vachelli /
- stocking density /
- growth /
- muscle composition /
- biochemical parameter

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表 1 养殖密度对瓦氏黄颡鱼生长的影响

Table 1. Growth parameters of Pelteobagrus vachelli juvenile at different stocking densities

处理组	初始密度 /(kg·m^-3)	初始体重 /g	终末体长 /cm	终末体重 /g	特定生产率 /(%·d^-1)	肥满度 /%	饲料系数	存活率 /%
G1	0.5	25.16±0.18	18.16±0.19a	60.88±1.10a	1.47±0.03a	1.02±0.02a	1.21±0.02c	96.67±2.89a
G2	1.01	25.37±0.23	17.72±0.22b	54.38±0.94b	1.27±0.03b	0.98±0.05ab	1.22±0.04bc	95.00±2.50a
G3	1.51	25.21±0.12	17.62±0.27b	52.31±1.37c	1.22±0.05c	0.96±0.03b	1.28±0.04ab	94.44±1.92b
G4	2.02	25.19±0.17	17.58±0.13b	51.23±0.77c	1.18±0.02c	0.94±0.03b	1.30±0.03a	93.75±1.25b
注：同列数据后不同小写字母表示差异显著(P＜0.05)，表 2、3同。

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表 2 养殖密度对瓦氏黄颡鱼肌肉组分的影响

Table 2. Effects of stocking density on the muscle composition of Pelteobagrus vachelli juvenile

处理组	水分含量 /%	蛋白质含量 /%	脂肪含量 /%	灰分含量 /%
G1	71.48±0.23	16.34±0.08b	9.48±0.04a	1.61±0.04
G2	71.73±0.37	16.70±0.09a	9.02±0.18b	1.60±0.02
G3	71.75±0.22	16.77±0.07a	8.96±0.05b	1.64±0.01
G4	71.52±0.10	16.79±0.11a	8.86±0.13b	1.65±0.04

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表 3 养殖密度对瓦氏黄颡鱼血液生理指标的影响

Table 3. Blood biochemical parameters of Pelteobagrus vachelli juvenile under different stocking densities

处理组	总蛋白/ (g·L^-1)	白蛋白/ (g·L^-1)	碱性磷酸酶 /(U·L^-1)	酸性磷酸酶 /(U·L^-1)	溶菌酶/ (U·mL^-1)	过氧化氢酶/ (U·mL^-1)	总超氧化物歧化酶/ (U·mL^-1)	丙二醛/ (nmol·L^-1)	谷丙转氨酶 /(U·L^-1)	谷草转氨酶 /(U·L^-1)
G1	40.29±0.91	11.35±0.82a	29.96±2.06	24.98±0.89	344.34±18.40a	3.99±0.29	50.21±3.33	8.09±0.22	12.73±0.70c	20.77±2.60c
G2	40.69±1.66	10.60±0.58ab	30.69±2.93	25.17±1.04	346.16±9.23a	3.91±0.20	50.70±3.80	8.03±0.21	12.81±0.85c	20.51±3.13c
G3	40.70±1.40	10.15±0.60bc	29.38±3.00	25.45±0.87	299.13±12.43b	3.98±0.27	51.15±3.30	8.09±0.17	22.79±1.85b	27.57±3.42b
G4	40.69±1.02	9.59±0.31c	29.29±2.84	25.49±1.54	255.05±11.52c	4.14±0.38	50.27±2.45	8.12±0.20	32.58±3.22a	32.25±2.64a

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