Cd and Zn Uptakes and Quality of Sweet Potatoes under Cd-stress
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摘要:
目的 揭示土壤镉污染对甘薯品质及镉、锌吸收能力的影响。 方法 通过盆栽试验，分析不同镉水平胁迫下甘薯产量、营养品质及镉、锌吸收的变化，同时采用迁移系数分析镉、锌在土壤-甘薯系统中的迁移转化特性。 结果 随着土壤镉处理浓度的增加，甘薯块根产量呈下降趋势，最大程度可降低32.6%；块根果肉中蛋白质指标受影响程度较大，含量显著下降，最大程度可降低32.1%。镉胁迫会显著增加土壤和甘薯植株各部位的镉含量，但会抑制块根果肉对锌的吸收。种植甘薯可在一定程度上降低土壤中的镉含量，甘薯属于低镉吸收作物，当镉处理质量浓度不超过5 mg·kg-1时，块根果肉中镉含量基本低于国家安全限量标准（GB 2762-2017食品中污染物限量标准，Cd ≤ 0.1 mg·kg-1）。甘薯不同部位镉含量高低顺序为柴根>茎段>块根皮部>叶片>块根果肉，其中柴根和茎段部位对镉的迁移能力较大，镉主要富集在柴根部位。 结论 在镉污染程度不高的土壤中，可以通过种植甘薯来富集镉，同时柴根部位对镉的截留可以减少镉通过食物链向人体迁移。 Abstract:Objective Uptakes of Cd and Zn by sweet potato plants from Cd polluted soil was investigated. Method A pot experiment was conducted on the sweet potato to study the effects of Cd-stress on the yield, nutritional quality as well as the Cd and Zn uptakes of the plants. Migration and transformation of Cd and Zn from soil to plants were analyzed. Result The tuber yield of the plants decreased with increasing Cd in soil. It maximized at a reduction of 32.6%. The food quality of the tubers was greatly affected by the stress with a reduction on proteins as high as 32.1%. Cd-stress significantly increased the Cd concentrations in various parts of a plant land the soil, and inhibited the Zn absorption by the tubers. Sweet potato plants are not highly capable in absorbing Cd and can only reduce Cd in soil to a limited extent. Thus, so long as Cd in soil was less than 5 mg·kg-1, the tubers grown on it were basically safe for consumption as the Cd content in tuber would likely be below the national standard for safety (Cd ≤ 0.1 mg·kg-1). The Cd accumulations in parts of a plant were found to rank in the order of roots > stems > peel > leaves > flesh.The migration and transformation abilities of root and stem for Cd were higher, making Cd mainly accumulated in root. Conclusion Planting sweet potatoes could help mitigate the pollution effect only in soils not heavily contaminated with Cd. By eliminating the more Cd-concentrated roots on a tuber for food, risks on health could be largely avoided. -
Key words:
- sweet potato /
- Cd /
- Zn /
- nutritional quality /
- uptake ability
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图 2 镉处理下甘薯块根营养品质的变化
Figure 2. Effect of Cd concentration on nutritional quality of sweet potatoes
图 4 镉胁迫下甘薯块根果肉镉、锌含量的变化
Figure 4. Contents of Cd and Zn in tuber flesh of sweet potato plants under Cd-stress
表 1 镉胁迫下甘薯各部位镉、锌的含量变化
Table 1. Contents of Cd and Zn in parts of tuber of sweet potato plants under Cd-stress
[单位/(mg·kg-1)] 元素
Elements植株各部位
Parts of plant处理
TreatmentsCd 0 Cd 5 Cd 10 Cd 20 镉Cd 柴根Root 0.61±0.011d 22.80±0.306c 51.90±0.360b 125.00±0.909a 块根皮部Root peel 0.23±0.016d 1.47±0.071c 6.07±0.036b 13.40±0.106a 块根果肉Root pulp 0.08±0.036d 0.70±0.089c 1.48±0.078b 3.31±0.044a 茎段Stem 0.28±0.013d 5.58±0.102c 12.50±0.051b 20.70±0.089a 叶片Leaf 0.15±0.055d 0.60±0.068c 1.55±0.112b 3.07±0.133a 锌Zn 柴根Root 33.40±0.192a 29.10±0.203ab 27.00±0.335bc 25.30±0.213c 块根皮部Root peel 17.10±0.133a 17.70±0.331a 17.40±0.051a 17.70±0.639a 块根果肉Root pulp 11.50±0.058a 10.10±0.088ab 9.64±0.208ab 8.56±0.197b 茎段Stem 17.60±0.112d 19.70±0.336c 22.20±0.057b 26.50±0.133a 叶片Leaf 51.50±0.103a 50.80±0.180a 51.70±0.403a 52.30±0.354a 注：同行数据后无相同小写字母者表示处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)，表 2同。
Note: Data with different lowercase letters on a same row indicate significant differences at P < 0.05. Same for Table 2.
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表 2 镉胁迫下甘薯镉、锌的迁移系数
Table 2. Translocation factors of Cd and Zn on sweet potato plants under Cd-stress
元素
Elements迁入部位
Immigration part迁移系数Transfer factors Cd 0 Cd 5 Cd 10 Cd 20 镉Cd 柴根Root 5.06±0.113 6.43±0.107 9.81±0.88 10.60±0.776 块根皮部Root peel 0.37±0.005 0.06±0.004 0.12±0.012 0.11±0.001 块根果肉Root pulp 0.36±0.030 0.48±0.004 0.24±0.001 0.25±0.004 茎段Stem 3.39±0.096 7.91±0.179 8.45±0.275 6.25±0.316 叶片Leaf 0.55±0.031 0.11±0.024 0.12±0.020 0.15±0.014 锌Zn 柴根Root 0.27±0.053 0.29±0.014 0.26±0.008 0.23±0.035 块根皮部Root peel 0.51±0.014 0.61±0.003 0.64±0.014 0.70±0.001 块根果肉Root pulp 0.67±0.055 0.57±0.010 0.55±0.014 0.48±0.030 茎段Stem 1.53±0.195 1.95±0.044 2.30±0.128 3.10±0.164 叶片Leaf 2.93±0.106 2.58±0.077 2.33±0.012 1.97±0.042
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