自毒胁迫下外源硅对甜瓜幼苗生长和叶绿素荧光的影响

樊佳茹; 章丽珍; 王景荣; 张贝贝; GefuWang-Pruski; 张志忠

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.06.003

自毒胁迫下外源硅对甜瓜幼苗生长和叶绿素荧光的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.06.003

1.
福建农林大学园艺学院/福建农林大学-戴尔豪西大学联合实验室, 福建福州 350002
2.
Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada, B2N 5E3

基金项目:

国家重大农技推广服务试点项目 KNJ-152046

福建农林大学创新专项基金 CXZX2016018

福建农林大学创新专项基金 CXZX2017168

福建省级扶贫开发工作重点县人才支持计划专项 K1519060A

详细信息

作者简介:
樊佳茹(1994-), 女, 硕士研究生, 研究方向:设施农业(E-mail:1606877730@qq.com)

通讯作者:
张志忠(1976-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 研究方向:蔬菜生物技术(E-mail:zeada2001@163.com)

中图分类号: S652
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-04-03
- 修回日期: 2019-05-22
- 刊出日期: 2019-06-28

Effects of Exogenous Silicon on Growth and Photosynthesis of Melon Seedlings Under Autotoxicity Stress

1.
Joint FAFU-Dalhousie Lab/College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
2.
Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada, B2N 5E3

摘要

摘要: 目的通过筛选可以有效缓解甜瓜幼苗自毒胁迫的硅酸钠浓度，对不同处理条件下幼苗生长指标和叶绿素荧光参数的变化进行测定，初步明确外源硅缓解甜瓜自毒胁迫的形态学和光合基础，以期为克服甜瓜连作障碍提供有益参考。方法以甜瓜2叶1心幼苗为材料，利用质量浓度为0.03 g·mL^-1的植株浸提液模拟自毒胁迫，分别添加不同浓度硅酸钠（0、1、2、4、8、16、32 mmol·L^-1）溶液进行复合处理；通过观测幼苗生长状态，测量株高、根长、鲜重、茎粗及根系表面积等形态学指标，筛选出能有效缓解自毒胁迫的硅酸钠浓度。采用筛选出的最佳硅酸钠浓度处理自毒胁迫条件下的甜瓜幼苗，于不同取样时间点测定幼苗株高、叶面积、鲜重、地上部分干重和叶绿素荧光特征，分析这一缓解作用的形态学和光合基础。结果 4 mmol·L^-1的硅酸钠可以有效缓解甜瓜幼苗的自毒胁迫。自毒胁迫显著抑制了幼苗株高，减少了叶面积，Fv'/Fm'、Y（Ⅱ）、qP和Y（NPQ）值均表现出不同程度的下降，NPQ和Y（NO）有所升高。添加硅酸钠可以明显缓解自毒胁迫对幼苗生长的影响，Fv’/Fm’、Y（Ⅱ）、NPQ、qP、Y（NPQ）和Y（NO）等参数接近或优于对照。结论适当浓度的外源硅处理可以改善自毒胁迫条件下甜瓜幼苗的生长状态，在一定程度上维持叶片光合系统的稳定，进而提高甜瓜植株对自毒胁迫的抵抗能力。
- 甜瓜 /
- 硅 /
- 自毒作用 /
- 叶绿素荧光
Abstract: Objective To determine the sodium silicate concentration that could effectively mitigate the autotoxicity stress, which is one of the main factors causing difficulties on continuous cropping and seriously economic loss, on melon farming. Method Seedlings of Cucumis melo L. with two true leaves and one bud were used in this study. The 0.03 g·mL^-1 water extract of the plant was used to simulate the autotoxicity stress. Sodium silicate solutions at different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 mmol·L^-1) were added as treatments to determine the effectiveness in the stress alleviation through observations on the growth, plant height, root length, fresh weight, dry weight of shoot, stem diameter, and root surface area of the seedlings. Changes on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the seedlings were monitored as well for the analysis. Result The imposed autotoxicity significantly inhibited the increases on seedling height and leaf area. In varying degrees, the Fv'/Fm', Y (Ⅱ), qP, and Y (NPQ) of the plants decreased, while NPQ and Y (NO) increased. However, the presence of sodium silicate at 4mM effectively reduced the stress with the Fv'/Fm', Y (Ⅱ), NPQ, qP, Y (NPQ), and Y (NO) as they became closer to or better than those of control. Conclusion Appropriate exogenous silicon treatment appeared to enable the melon seedlings under autotoxicity stress to grow normally with a stable photosynthetic function.
- melon (Cucumis melo L.) /
- silicon /
- autotoxicity /
- chlorophyll fluorescence

HTML全文

图 1 不同浓度硅酸钠对自毒胁迫下甜瓜幼苗形态的影响

注：A为双蒸馏水，B为植株浸提液，C~H分别为植株浸提液+1、2、4、8、16、32 mmol·L^-1硅酸钠。

Figure 1. Effect of sodium silicate at varied concentrations on melon seedlings under autotoxicity stress

Note:A:ddH₂O, B:PWE, C-H:PWE+1、2、4、8、16、32 mmol·L^-1 Si。

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 硅酸钠处理对自毒胁迫下甜瓜幼苗部分形态指标的影响

注：Ⅰ为双蒸馏水，Ⅱ为植株浸提液，Ⅲ为植株浸提液+4 mmol·L^-1硅酸钠，Ⅳ为4 mmol·L^-1硅酸钠。图 3同。

Figure 2. Effects of sodium silicate on morphological characteristics of melon seedlings under autotoxicity stress

Note:Ⅰ:ddH₂O, Ⅱ:PWE, Ⅲ:PWE+4 mmol·L^-1Si, Ⅳ:4 mmol·L^-1Si。The same as Fig. 3.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 硅酸钠处理对自毒胁迫下甜瓜幼苗叶绿素荧光参数的影响

Figure 3. Effect of sodium silicate on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of melon seedlings under autotoxicity stress

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同浓度硅酸钠对自毒胁迫下甜瓜幼苗形态参数的影响

Table 1. Effect of sodium silicate at varied concentrations on growth indicators of melon seedlings under autotoxicity stress

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height /cm	根长 Root length /cm	鲜重 Fresh weight /g	茎粗 Diameter of stem/mm	根系表面积 Root surface area/cm²
ddH₂O	12.5±0.1a	17.9±0.4a	1.27±0.12a	1.19±0.08a	15.54±2.14a
PWE	9.1±0.4c	8.6±1.0b	0.80±0.09bc	0.72±0.04bc	9.47±0.43c
PWE+1mmol·L^-1Si	10.1±0.6bc	11.9±1.9b	1.00±0.03bc	1.10±0.02abc	10.77±1.66bc
PWE+2mmol·L^-1Si	9.6±0.5bc	9.8±1.0b	0.81±0.06bc	1.08±0.07abc	11.70±0.93abc
PWE+4mmol·L^-1Si	11.3±0.1ab	18.0±1.7b	1.25±0.05a	1.22±0.02ab	14.14±0.98ab
PWE+8mmol·L^-1Si	10.4±0.8bc	11.2±0.8b	0.92±0.04bc	1.01±0.06c	12.03±1.37abc
PWE+16mmol·L^-1Si	10.0±1.2bc	8.8±0.9b	0.77±0.09c	1.02±0.01c	7.56±1.29c
PWE+32mmol·L^-1Si	10.1±0.4bc	9.1±0.7b	1.05±0.07ab	1.15±0.01abc	9.07±1.29c
注：同列不同小写字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05)。 Note：Different lowercase letters in the same column showed significant difference (P < 0.05).

下载: 导出CSV

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