摘要:
本文研究了水稻种子在萌动状态下的辐射效应与诱变效果。结果表明:萌动种子的辐射敏感性比干种子有显著的提高,在湿种、露白、发芽等三种萌动处理间也有明显差别,其强弱依次为露白发芽湿种干种。露白及发芽状态下辐照的半致死剂量仅为干种的15—17%。从M2代叶绿素突变及抽穗期、株高、育性等5种农艺性状的诱变频率看,萌动种子辐照的突变率均显著高于干种的。其中以露白状态辐照效果最佳,平均诱变率比干种提高了68.5%;其次是发芽状态,提高54.1%。适宜剂量均为8—10Krad。辐照萌动种子,既降低辐照剂量,又提高诱变频率,是辐射育种中一种行之有效的技术。
Abstract:
In the paper, the rice seeds under various physiological states-dry, wet reveal bud and bud off were irradiated with 60Co-r ray, and the mutagenic effects were detected. The results showed that the radiation sensitivity varied with the physiological states of rice seeds. Most sensitive state was reveal bud of seed, followed bud off, wet and dry state. The mutagen doses of LD50 for reveal bud and bud off state hold 15-17% of that dry seed state needed.In M2 generation, the mutation frequency of chlorophyll deficient, heading date, plant height and sterility were observed. The results show that the mutation frequency of germinating seeds were higher than the dry seeds. The mean mutation frequency might raise 68.5% for reveal bud state and might raise 54.1% for bud off. The optimal radiation dosage for reveal bud and bud off states ranges 8-10Krad all.
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