摘要:
在武夷山和福安进行茶角胸叶甲综合治理技术试验示范,5%除虫菊素乳油1 000倍液和0.5%藜芦碱粉剂1 000倍液室内试验效果良好,其中5%除虫菊素乳油1 000倍液茶园小区防治效果药后1、3和5 d分别为71.86%、61.93%和49.98%,速效性尚可,但持效性较差;而0.5%藜芦碱粉剂1 000倍液药后1、3和5 d的防治效果分别为77.04%、71.76%和67.24%,速效性和持效性均可;分离纯化获得的2个茶角胸叶甲白僵菌可以完成侵染寄生过程,菌株Ⅰ对茶角胸叶甲的室内寄生效果较好,处理后15 d,2×107个孢子·mL-1处理的平均校正寄生率为66.65%,1×107个孢子·mL-1处理的为62.85%,在菌粉用量15 kg·hm-2时茶园小区的寄生率为32.64%~45.21%;耕翻松土(浅耕)农事活动控制茶角胸叶甲的效果可达59.89%。综合示范结果表明,通过春季浅耕、发生初盛期喷施白僵菌和盛期连续2次喷施植物源农药防治可以有效控制危害,在茶角胸叶甲中等偏重发生茶园芽梢被害率可控制在6.8%以下。
Abstract:
An experimental demonstration of comprehensive control for Basilepta melanopus Lefevre was carried out in Wuyi Mountain city and Fu'an city, respectively. Better laboratory effects could be obtained by 5% pyrethrins EC (pEC) and 0.5% vertrine WP (vWP) with 1000-fold dilution. However, the field control effects of pEC after 1, 3 and 5 days were 71.86%, 61.93% and 49.98%,respectively, suggesting that pEC has high efficiency and weak persistent. On the contrast, the vWP has better efficiency and persistence, for the field control effects of Vwp after 1, 3 and 5 days were 77.04%, 71.76% and 67.24%,respectively. Two strains of Beauveria bassiana purified from Basilepta melanopus Lefevre could cause successful parasitic infestation. Laboratory tests shows that one of which has better parasitic efficiency for 2?107 spores穖L-1 of Beauveria bassiana cause an average correction parasitic rates of 66.65%, and 62.85% for 1?107 spores穖L-1 after 15 days. Meanwhile, field parasitic rates were 32.64% to 45.21% with the powder dosage of 15 kg穐m-2, and the control rate was 59.89% with shallow ploughing. Shallow ploughing in spring, spraying Beauveria bassiana at the initial occurrence and twice usage of botanical pesticides at prosperous time were the feasible methods to control Basilepta melanopus Lefevre, by which the damage rate to the tea shoots could be controlled below 6.8% when the pests were rampant in tea garden.
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