Response Surface Optimization of Sialic Acid Extraction from Chicken Small-intestine Mucosa
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摘要:
目的 优化鸡小肠黏膜唾液酸提取工艺，为肉鸡加工副产物开发再利用提供新思路。 方法 以鸡小肠黏膜为原料，以唾液酸提取量为指标，先采用单因素试验，在几种提取唾液酸常用酸中筛选最佳酸，进一步确定提取酸浓度、提取时间、液料比等3个因素影响唾液酸提取量的优化范围。在单因素试验基础上，采用Box-Behnken试验设计方法，进行3因素3水平响应面优化设计，共进行17组处理，每组处理3次重复，考察柠檬酸浓度、提取时间、液料比等3个因素对唾液酸提取量的影响，从而确定鸡小肠黏膜唾液酸提取的最佳工艺参数。 结果 鸡小肠黏膜唾液酸提取最佳工艺参数为：柠檬酸浓度0.1 mol·L−1，提取时间4 h，液料比32.20 ∶ 1（mL·g−1）。考虑实际操作的简便，确定唾液酸提取的最佳工艺参数为：柠檬酸浓度0.1 mol·L−1，提取时间4 h，液料比30 ∶ 1（mL·g−1）。在此条件下，得到的唾液酸提取量为（1 010.39±21.87）μg·g−1，与预测值1 025.69 μg·g−1无明显差异。 结论 通过响应面法优化了唾液酸提取工艺条件，提高了鸡小肠黏膜唾液酸提取量，为鸡小肠废弃物开发再利用提供新的思路。 Abstract:Objective A process of extracting sialic acid from chicken small-intestine mucosa was optimized for the utilization of a broiler processing byproduct. Method A single factor experiment was conducted to select appropriate acid for the extraction. Then, a 3-factors Box-Behnken test was designed to optimize the acid concentration, time, and liquid-to-material ratio in extracting sialic acid from chicken intestinal mucosa. Result Seventeen experiments were performed in triplicate to arrive at the optimized process that utilized citric acid at a concentration of 0.1 mol·L−1 in a liquid-to-material ratio of 32.20 ∶ 1 (mL·g−1), which was simplified to 30 ∶ 1 (mL·g−1), to extract for 4 h. The resulting extract contained sialic acid (1 010.39±21.87) μg·g−1, which was close to the targeted goal of 1 025.69 μg·g−1. Conclusion The optimized sialic acid extraction from chicken small-intestine mucosa provided a new venue for byproduct utilization and waste reduction in poultry processing. -
Key words:
- Response surface method /
- chicken small-intestine mucosa /
- sialic acid
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图 3 柠檬酸浓度对唾液酸提取量的影响
Figure 3. Effect of citric acid concentration on sialic acid extraction
图 5 液料比对唾液酸提取量的影响
Figure 5. Effect of liquid-to-material ratio on sialic acid extraction
图 6 各因素交互作用对唾液酸提取量影响的响应面分析结果
Figure 6. Response surface on interactions of factors in sialic acid extraction
表 1 响应面优化试验因素与水平
Table 1. Coded factors in response surface experiment
因素 Factor 水平 Level −1 0 1 A柠檬酸浓度
Citric acid concentration（mol·L−1）0.05 0.10 0.15 B提取时间
Extraction time/h3.0 3.5 4.0 C液料比
Liquid-to-material ratio/（mL·g−1）20∶1 30∶1 40∶1 
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表 2 响应面试验设计与结果
Table 2. Design and results of response surface experiment
试验号
Serial numberA柠檬酸浓度
Citric acid concentrationB提取时间
Extraction timeC液料比
Liquid-to-material ratio唾液酸提取量
Extraction content/（μg·g−1）1 −1 0 −1 790.84 2 −1 1 0 1 000.86 3 0 1 1 950.73 4 1 0 −1 499.70 5 0 0 0 957.89 6 0 0 0 914.93 7 0 −1 −1 494.93 8 −1 0 1 812.32 9 0 −1 1 871.98 10 1 −1 0 693.00 11 0 0 0 986.52 12 0 0 0 969.81 13 0 0 0 895.84 14 0 1 −1 831.41 15 −1 −1 0 860.05 16 1 1 0 934.02 17 1 0 1 955.06
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表 3 回归模型的方差分析
Table 3. Analysis of variance（ANOVA）on regression model
方差来源
Source of variance平方和
Sum of square自由度
Degree of freedom均方
Mean squareF值
F valueP值
P value模型 Model 374 300.00 9 41 583.83 42.02 ＜0.000 1 A柠檬酸浓度
Citric acid concentration18 268.21 1 18 268.21 18.46 0.003 6 B提取时间
Extraction time79 413.08 1 79 413.08 80.25 ＜0.000 1 C液料比
Liquid-to-material ratio118 400.00 1 118 400.00 119.64 ＜0.000 1 AB 2 510.51 1 2 510.51 2.54 0.155 2 AC 47 062.96 1 47 062.96 47.56 0.000 2 BC 16 606.19 1 16 606.19 16.78 0.004 6 A2 9 660.27 1 9 660.27 9.76 0.016 7 B2 2 656.16 1 2 656.16 2.68 0.145 4 C2 74 053.89 1 74 053.89 74.83 ＜0.000 1 残差 Residual 6 927.20 7 989.60 失拟项 Lack of fit 1 100.69 3 366.90 0.25 0.856 8 误差 Error 5 826.51 4 1 456.63 总和 Cor total 381 200.00 16
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