摘要:
对连续27年施肥的南方黄泥田水稻产量、基础地力贡献率变化进行了分析,结果表明,连续施用化肥(NPK)、化肥+牛粪(NPKM)、化肥+稻草(NPKS)处理的水稻平均产量比不施肥(CK)分别提高74.9%、96.6%、91.7%,NPKM与NPKS处理产量分别比NPK处理提高12.4%与9.6%,均达到极显著差异,但NPKM与NPKS产量相当。双季稻年份(1983-2004年),NPK、NPKM、NPKS处理的水稻每5～7年年际增产率随试验年份的延长呈递增的趋势。早稻与晚稻的基础地力贡献率均呈波浪式下降趋势,其平均贡献率分别为47.1%与60.0%。不同施肥处理产量与基础地力呈显著或极显著正相关。
Abstract:
Effects of 27-year consecutive fertilization on rice yield and the contribution rate of basic soil productivity were studied on the southern yellow paddy.The result indicated that the application of chemical fertilizer(NPK),NPK and cattle manure(NPKM) or NPK and straw(NPKS) increased the crop yield by 74.9%,96.6% and 91.7%,respectively,as compared to non-fertilization(CK).The yields on land applied with NPKM and NPKS increased by 12.4% and 9.6%,respectively,as compared to NPK.The differences were all highly significant.But the difference between the yields from the rice yields applied with NPKM and those applied with NPKS were not significant.During the double-cropping period between 1983 and 2004,the year-on-year growth rate per 5-7 years showed a steady trend of increase by applying NPK,NPKM or NPKS.The contribution rates of basic soil productivity for the early and late rice showed a fluctuating but constant decreasing trend over the years.The mean contribution rates for the early and late rice were 47.1 and 60.0,respectively.The rice yields associated with different fertilization correlated significantly,or very significantly,with the basic soil productivity.
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