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低温胁迫下4个景天科多肉品种的生理响应及耐寒性评价

陈艺荃 林榕燕 潘宏 林兵 叶秀仙

陈艺荃,林榕燕,潘宏,等. 低温胁迫下4个景天科多肉品种的生理响应及耐寒性评价 [J]. 福建农业学报,2020,35(10):1093−1100 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.10.007
引用本文: 陈艺荃,林榕燕,潘宏,等. 低温胁迫下4个景天科多肉品种的生理响应及耐寒性评价 [J]. 福建农业学报,2020,35(10):1093−1100 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.10.007
CHEN Y Q, LIN R Y, PAN H, et al. Physiological Responses and Cold Resistance of Four Varieties of Crassulaceae under Low-temp Stress [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2020,35(10):1093−1100 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.10.007
Citation: CHEN Y Q, LIN R Y, PAN H, et al. Physiological Responses and Cold Resistance of Four Varieties of Crassulaceae under Low-temp Stress [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2020,35(10):1093−1100 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.10.007

低温胁迫下4个景天科多肉品种的生理响应及耐寒性评价

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.10.007
基金项目: 福建省科技计划公益类专项(2018R1014-7)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    陈艺荃(1989−),女,硕士研究生,研究实习员,研究方向:园林植物资源评价与栽培生理(E-mail:yiquanchen1107@sina.com

    通讯作者:

    叶秀仙(1977−),女,副研究员,研究方向:花卉生物技术(E-mail:yxx7861@163.com

  • 中图分类号: S 682.33

Physiological Responses and Cold Resistance of Four Varieties of Crassulaceae under Low-temp Stress

  • 摘要:   目的  研究低温胁迫下景天科多肉植物的生理响应,评价不同品种的耐寒能力,筛选出耐寒性强的多肉品种,以繁育推广。  方法  以观赏性强的‘蓝苹果’、‘火祭’、‘丸叶松绿’和‘筒叶花月’等4个多肉品种为试材,通过人工低温(9、6、3、0和−3 ℃)胁迫处理后测定8项生理指标,将主成分分析与隶属函数法相结合,构建数学模型进行耐寒性综合评价,并通过恢复生长试验对评价结果进行验证。  结果  4个多肉品种应对低温胁迫的生理变化有显著差异,MDA和Pro含量变化呈上升趋势,而可溶性糖、相对含水量和光合色素含量变化因品种而异。−3 ℃时,‘火祭’相对含水量增幅最大且MDA释放量最大,‘筒叶花月’的光合色素含量最稳定,‘丸叶松绿’的可溶性糖与Pro积累最迅速。8项生理指标可综合为2个主成分,累积贡献率达90.59%,生物学意义显著。耐寒性综合评价得出4个多肉品种耐寒能力大小为‘丸叶松绿’>‘蓝苹果’>‘筒叶花月’>‘火祭’,评价结果与恢复生长试验观测结果基本一致。  结论  ‘丸叶松绿’在-3℃低温胁迫下恢复室温生长成活率达85.5%,植株长势良好,形态性状稳定,可繁育推广;而‘火祭’成活率仅为25.5%,对低温适应性有限。
  • 图  1  低温胁迫对不同多肉品种RWC和MDA含量的影响

    注:图中不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),图23同。

    Figure  1.  Effect of low-temp stress on relative water content (A) and MDA content (B) of different succulent plants

    Note: Data with different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level. Same for Fig. 2-3.

    图  2  低温胁迫对不同多肉品种光合色素含量的影响

    Figure  2.  Effect of low-temp stress on photosynthetic pigment content of different succulent plants

    图  3  低温胁迫对不同多肉品种可溶性糖(A)和游离脯氨酸(B)含量的影响

    Figure  3.  Effect of low-temp stress on contents of soluble sugar (A) and proline (B) of different succulent plants

    图  4  低温胁迫后不同多肉品种的形态变化

    注:A~E分别代表9、6、3、0、−3 ℃低温处理;1~4的品种分别为‘蓝苹果’、‘火祭’、‘丸叶松绿’和‘筒叶花月’。

    Figure  4.  Morphological changes on succulent plants treated by low-temp stress

    Note: A-E represent low temperature treatments at 9, 6, 3, 0 and −3 ℃, respectively. Varieties 1-4 are x Sedeveria Blue Elf, C. Campfire, S. lucidum Obesum, and C. oblique Gollum, respectively.

    表  1  低温胁迫下多肉生理指标的主成分分析

    Table  1.   Principal component analysis on physiological indices of succulent plants under low-temp stress

    主成分
    Principal
    component
    相对含
    水量
    RWC
    可溶
    性糖
    SS
    丙二醛
    MDA
    游离脯
    氨酸
    Pro
    总叶绿素
    TC
    类胡萝
    卜素
    Car
    叶绿素a
    Chla
    叶绿素b
    Chlb
    特征值
    Eigenvalue
    方差贡献率
    Variance
    contribution
    rate/%
    累积方差贡献率
    Cumulative variance
    contribution rate/%
    PC1 0.287 0.391 0.215 0.482 −0.400 0.286 −0.485 −0.094 4.048 50.604 50.604
    PC2 0.456 −0.258 0.394 −0.058 0.326 0.446 0.074 0.505 3.199 39.983 90.587
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  低温胁迫下不同多肉品种耐寒性的综合分析

    Table  2.   Cold tolerance of succulent plants under low-temp stress

    品种
    Varieties
    相对含水量
    RWC
    可溶性糖
    SS
    丙二醛
    MDA
    游离脯氨酸
    Pro
    总叶绿素
    TC
    类胡萝卜素
    Car
    叶绿素a
    Chla
    叶绿素b
    Chlb
    综合指标1
    Y1
    综合指标2
    Y2
    综合评价值
    F Value
    排序
    Ranking
    ‘蓝苹果’x Sedeveria Blue Elf 0.714 0.000 1.000 0.479 0.584 0.612 0.896 0.422 0.118 1.435 0.699 2
    ‘火祭’Crassula Campfire 0.000 0.552 0.000 0.273 0.311 0.000 0.815 0.000 −0.173 0.004 −0.095 4
    ‘丸叶松绿’Sedum lucidum Obesum 1.000 1.000 0.741 1.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.413 1.567 1.086 1.355 1
    ‘筒叶花月’Crassula oblique Gollum 0.768 0.130 0.462 0.000 1.000 0.795 1.000 1.000 −0.381 1.758 0.563 3
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  低温胁迫后多肉恢复室温生长的成活率

    Table  3.   Survival rates of succulent plants at room temperature after low-temp stress

    品种
    Varieties
    9 ℃(CK)6 ℃3 ℃0 ℃−3 ℃
    成活率
    Survival rate/%
    生长情况
    Growth status/%
    成活率
    Survival rate/%
    生长情况
    Growth status/%
    成活率
    Survival rate/%
    生长情况
    Growth status/%
    成活率
    Survival rate/%
    生长情况
    Growth
    status/%
    成活率
    Survival rate/%
    生长情况
    Growth status/%
    ‘蓝苹果’
    x Sedeveria
    Blue Elf
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    65.5 叶色淡,叶片皱缩、变软
    Shrunk and softened leaf with light color
    ‘火祭’
    Crassula Campfire
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    87.5 叶色变淡、
    叶片发软
    Softened leaf with light color
    25.5 叶片失绿、株型松散
    Leaf chlorosis and loose plant type
    ‘丸叶松绿’
    Sedum lucidum Obesum
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    85.5 叶色较淡、长势正常
    Light leaf color,better growth
    ‘筒叶花月’
    Crassula oblique Gollum
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    100.0 正常
    Normal
    90.5 叶色变淡
    Leaf color faded
    51.5 叶片失绿、茎干变软
    Leaf chlorosis and softened stem
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2020-05-21
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