摘要:
以西成薯007为试验材料,研究了钾肥施用量与秋甘薯性状及产量之间的关系,结果表明,施钾有利于提高秋甘薯植株的同化能力,在一定程度上抑制茎叶徒长,增加干物质积累。施钾肥能增强地上部同化产物向地下块根运输的能力,从而降低T/R值,提高经济产量。块根干率和茎粗是由甘薯品种特性决定的,施钾与否对其影响不大。低钾能提高秋甘薯的大中薯率,增加秋甘薯的最长茎长和基部分枝数。而施钾后其干物率较不施肥下降。只施氮和磷的叶绿素含量高于施钾处理,同时均显著高于不施肥。秋甘薯在低钾水平土壤下以薯干和淀粉为目标产品的最佳施肥量在253.05~262.46kg.hm-2,而以粮饲型生物产量和鲜薯产量为目标产品的最佳施肥量在316.05~321.59kg.hm-2。虽然使用钾肥能有效提高其生物产量和块根产量,但其对薯干的贡献在低钾和高钾水平没有显著差异。
Abstract:
Relationship between applying K fertilizer and the yield of sweet potato was studied with variety of Xicheng Potato 007.The results showed that: K fertilizer improved the assimilative capacity of the sweet potato,and increased the dry matter accumulation while the plants partly inhibited in excessive growth of the stems and leaves.K fertilizer enhanced the plant capability in transporting assimilate to underground tuber,by which reducing the value of T/R and increasing economic production.Root dry rate and stem diameter were related with the species characteristics of sweet potato instead of K fertilizer amount.Reducing K fertilizer amount increased the portion in large-and medium-sized sweet potato,the length of the longest stem and the number of base branches.Comparing to control,the dry matter content was decreased by applying K fertilizer.The chlorophyll content of plants was higher in those treated with N and P fertilizer than with K fertilizer and without fertilization.For a low K level soil,the optimal amount of K fertilizer was 253.05-262.46 kg·hm-2 for producing high yield of dried sweet potato and starch,and was 316.05-321.59 kg·hm-2 for producing high yield of fresh potato tuber yield.There was no difference observed between low K and high K levels on dry matter production,although K fertilizer improved fresh yield effectively.
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