摘要:
准确估算农田生态系统的碳排放和碳吸收对制定合理的农业减排措施具有重要意义。基于1991-2010年福建省农作物产量、耕地面积、农业投入等农业活动水平数据, 对福建省农田生态系统的碳源汇进行估算, 并分析碳源汇的时空变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明, 1991-2010年福建省农田生态系统碳吸收总量总体呈下降趋势, 从1991年的1 161.14×104 t减少到2010年的672.13×104 t, 减幅为42.11%, 年平均递减5.89%;碳排放总量呈增加的趋势, 从1991年的114.05×104t增加到2010年的195.10×104t, 增幅达71.07%, 年均递增2.87%;碳汇量总体呈降低趋势, 从1991年的1 047.09×104 t降低到2010年的477.03×104 t, 减幅为54.44%, 年均递减8.36%;福建省农田生态系统单位耕地面积碳吸收呈下降的趋势, 而单位耕地面积碳排放基本保持不变。2010年南平市的碳吸收量和碳汇量最大, 漳州市的碳排放量最大, 而厦门市的碳吸收量、碳排放量和碳汇量均最小。碳源汇影响因素相关性分析表明, 碳吸收与水稻、小麦、甘蔗产量呈极显著正相关;碳排放与钾肥、复合肥、农药、农机动力、柴油使用均有极显著的正相关性。研究结果能够为福建省低碳农业发展提供科学参考。
关键词:
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农田生态系统 /
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碳吸收 /
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碳排放 /
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碳汇
Abstract:
Farmland ecosystem is an important carbon source and carbon pool.Estimating the carbon emission and absorption of a farmland ecosystem is significantly important in making strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emission.Based on the statistical data of crop yield, cropland areas and agricultural inputs in the period from 1991to2010, the amounts of carbon absorption and emission of farmland ecosystems in Fujian were calculated, and the spatial-temporal variations and impact factors of carbon absorption and emission were also analyzed.The results indicated that, the total amount of carbon absorption has a decreasing tendency, which reduced from 1 161.14×104t in 1991 to 672.13×104 t in 2010.The total amount of carbon emission has an increasing tendency, which increased from 114.05×104t in 1991 to 195.10×104t in 2010.The amount of carbon sequestration has a decreasing tendency, which reduced from 1 047.09×104 t in 1991 to 477.03×104 t in 2010.The carbon absorption per unit area of arable land also showed a descending trend, however the carbon emission per unit area of arable land remained almost no changes.In 2010, the amounts of carbon absorption and carbon sequestration were both maximum in Nanping, and the amount of carbon emission was maximum in Zhangzhou.However, the minimum in the amounts of carbon absorption, carbon emission and carbon sequestration were all in Xiamen.The results in correlation analysis showed that, carbon absorption was significantly positive correlated with the yields of rice, wheat and sugarcane.Carbon emission was significantly positive correlated with the potassic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, pesticide, power and fuels consumption.The results will serve as a strong support for the development of low carbon agriculture of Fujian Province.
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