摘要:
为将农业副产物——微生物发酵床养猪垫料废弃物(简称垫料)替代草炭应用于新型育苗基质,拟建一套通过垫料浸提液快速筛选基质配方的方法。将2种不同使用年限的垫料分别提取浸提液并梯度稀释后检测其对甜瓜、黄瓜、白菜、甘蓝、番茄和辣椒6类种子的发芽影响;同时参照浸提液稀释浓度,用垫料与椰壳粉按比例配制成基质,穴盘育苗检测基质对种苗生长的影响;分析2个试验之间的相关性。结果表明:供试基质各理化性质基本符合理想基质要求。最适宜种子发芽的浸提液质量分数均为30%,发芽率都在97%以上;同时最适宜种苗生长的基质中垫料含量为30%(体积比),出苗率均达85%以上。相关性分析表明:垫料浸提液对种子的发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数与基质对种苗的出苗率和成苗率具显著正相关性。由此推导筛选基质配方的快速方法:通过检测不同浓度的垫料浸提液对作物种子的发芽影响,筛选最适种子生长的浓度,依据该浓度推导最佳基质配方中垫料含量。
Abstract:
A new type of substrates for vegetable seed germination and seedling development was experimented using the fermentation bed wastes from pig farms.The physical and chemical properties of the tested substrate met all the basic requirements for the cultivation of seedlings.To optimize the formulation of such substrates,a rapid method was explored.The bedding materials after being used in pig barns for about one or half a year were extracted and diluted with water into a series of solutions of varied concentrations.The solutions were applied on the seeds of melon,cucumber,cabbage,kale,tomato and chili pepper to determine the performances on the seed germination and seedling development.Concurrently,seeds of the same vegetables were planted in the same fermented bedding waste mixed with powdered coconut shell.By comparing the effects of the two sets of cultivation media,a correlation between them was obtained.The highest seed germination rate of greater than 97% was found when the30% extracted solution was used,while on the solid substrate,higher than 85% germination was observed when30% bedding material was mixed in the substrate.A correlation analysis showed that the extracted solution significantly correlated with the solid substrate with respect to the seed germination percentage,germination indices,vigor index,germination rate and seedling rate of the vegetables.Thus,it appeared that the extracted solution method could be applied for effective formula optimization in the utilization of the bedding waste from pig farms.
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