Agronomic Traits, Blast-resistance and Storability of Germplasms of Rice Varieties in Fujian Listed on International Network for Genetic Evaluation for Rice
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摘要: 对国际水稻遗传评价圃（INGER）资源进行适应性试种、农艺性状观察、抗稻瘟病和耐贮藏性鉴定评价。结果表明：INGER资源的平均株高、穗长、剑叶长度、有效穗数和穗粒数均大于对照，平均千粒重、结实率均小于对照，INGER资源平均生育期偏长分别比两个对照品种优I66和威优77推迟了23 d和21 d；最后筛选出综合农艺性状优异的资源7份；通过对苗瘟、叶瘟和穗瘟抗性综合评价，筛选出高抗（HR）资源1份、抗（R）39份、中抗（MR）27份；经过42℃、RH88%人工老化21 d后，INGER水稻种质发芽率在60%以上的有126份，占85.71%，绝大多数表现为耐储藏、抗衰老性较强，筛选出9份发芽率在90%以上的耐贮藏材料。Abstract: Resource of rice germplasms in Fujian from the International Network for Genetic Evaluation of Rice (INGER) were evaluated for their ecological adaptability, agronomic traits, blast-resistance and storability. The results indicated that the mean plant height, panicle, flag leaf length, panicle count, and grains per spike of INGER were higher, but the average 1 000-grain weight and fertility were lower, than those of control. The growth period of INGER was 23 days longer than that of Youyi 66, and 21 days longer than that of Weiyou 77. Subsequently, 7 germplasms from the collection with excellent agronomic traits were subject to further evaluations on their resistances to the seedling-, leaf-, and neck-blast. As a result, one highly blast-resistant (HR), 39 blast-resistant (R), and 27 moderately blast-resistant (MR) varieties were selected from the INGER collection. After a 42℃, 88% RH artificial aging for 21 days, 126 INGER, accounting for 85.71% of the total, exhibited a greater than 60% germination rate. Most of them also showed desirable shelf life for storage and resistance to aging. In the end, 9 germplasms with more than 90% germination rate were identified.
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Key words:
- INGER /
- germplasm resources of rice /
- agronomic traits /
- rice blast /
- storability
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表 1 INGER资源主要农艺性状和产量
Table 1. Agronomic traits and yield of INGER germplasms
项目 株高/cm 穗长/cm 剑叶长/cm 剑叶宽/cm 有效穗 千粒重/g 结实率/% 穗粒数 生育期/d 理论产量/kg 变幅 84.66~126.7 20.51~33.61 22.04~44.91 1.24~1.92 9.60~17.1 17.14~28.48 42.90~96.4 47.75~275.09 136~155 201.76~451.62 平均数 108.9±1.26 27.23±0.33 32.61±0.50 1.59±0.02 12.86±0.18 22.76±0.25 77.19±1.43 138.77±5.36 145.30 335.94±4.58 优I66(CK1) 91.03±1.02 21.33±0.23 24.65±1.10 1.65±0.01 11.00±0.46 25.66±0.13 90.67±1.55 112.57±4.43 122 418±3.83 威优77(CK2) 95.92±0.73 25.05±0.14 28.03±0.33 1.88±0.03 12.7±0.47 28.13±0.12 90.05±0.83 97.07±2.66 124 450±3.42 
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表 2 综合农艺性状优异的INGER资源
Table 2. INGER germplasms with over-all excellent agronomic traits
品种名称 株高/cm 穗长/cm 谷粒长/mm 谷粒宽/mm 长宽比 生育期/d 千粒重/g 有效穗数 结实率/% 每穗粒数 IR 64 107.56±0.79 27.53±0.32 9.78±0.09 2.29±0.04 4.14±0.06 137 23.92±0.10 12.78±0.59 83.70±0.74 108.49±8.55 OM5796 105.70±0.74 24.65±0.65 8.96±0.06 2.18±0.03 4.12±0.02 136 21.74±0.73 10.70±0.54 82.47±1.87 142.34±4.23 IR71131-BF4-B-30-5 94.65±0.85 22.48±0.39 6.95±0.05 3.35±0.10 2.07±0.05 138 21.83±0.75 12.14±0.59 92.26±1.03 144.45±3.24 OM2008 93.43±1.36 20.51±0.41 9.10±0.05 2.48±0.03 3.68±0.02 137 22.47±0.62 14.20±0.84 87.54±0.88 107.39±3.78 OM2718 108.84±1.68 27.06±1.12 9.18±0.03 2.40±0.05 3.82±0.09 136 23.76±0.43 13.11±0.48 86.51±0.95 128.50±3.52 WAS63-22-1-1-3-3 98.21±1.27 27.44±0.65 9.68±0.08 2.33±0.03 4.16±0.08 136 25.01±0.52 15.50±0.82 89.14±1.06 109.87±4.38 IR72 94.68±0.57 26.63±0.31 8.42±0.21 2.57±0.08 3.29±0.16 137 23.41±0.82 14.05±1.52 84.46±2.59 123.42±5.42
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表 3 INGER资源不同生长阶段的稻瘟病抗性鉴定结果
Table 3. Identification of blast-resistance during growth periods of INGER germplasms
鉴定时期 鉴定对象 鉴定时间/(年-月-日) 不同抗性级别的份数及所占比例 0～2级/% 3级/% 4~5级/% 6~7级/% 8~9级/% 苗期 苗瘟 2013-07-18~2013-07-20 10(10.53) 17(17.89) 55(57.89) 11(11.58) 2(2.11) 分糵期 叶瘟 2013-08-25~2013-08-27 31(32.63) 19(20.00) 39(41.05) 6(6.32) 0 穗期 穗颈瘟 2013-10-15~2013-10-23 49(51.58) 24(25.26) 13(13.68) 4(4.21) 5(5.26) 注：CK：汕优63，苗瘟发病率85%，9级；叶瘟发病率65%，7级；穗颈发病率93%，9级。
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表 4 21份丰产性和稻瘟抗性均较好的INGER资源
Table 4. Twenty-one INGER germplasms with high yield and blast-resistance
种植区号 品种名称 苗瘟 叶稻瘟 穗颈瘟 抗性综评 发病率 级别 发病率 级别 发病率 级别 1090001 ANGKE 8 4 5 4 4 1 抗病 1090003 CELEBES 5 4 2 3 5 1 抗病 1090004 IR75386-14-3-2-2 2 3 0 0 0 0 抗病 1090020 IR64 16 5 3 4 6 3 抗病 1090023 CIUJUN6 2 3 2 3 4 1 抗病 1090028 IR78629-57-3-3-2 3 4 0 0 0 0 抗病 1090031 IR79253-55-1-4-6 18 6 8 4 3 1 抗病 1090032 IR79478-15-2-2-2 13 5 5 4 6 3 抗病 1090033 IR79584-38-2-1-4 2 3 0 0 2 1 抗病 1090037 IR81171-42-1-2-3 3 4 0 0 1 1 抗病 1090038 IR81346-79-1-2-3 1 2 0 0 3 1 抗病 1090048 IR77504-36-3-3 2 3 0 0 3 1 抗病 1090055 IR79532-21-2-2-1 2 3 0 0 2 1 抗病 1090059 IR81852-120-2-1-3 2 3 0 0 2 1 抗病 1090060 IR81890-26-3-3-1 1 2 0 0 0 0 抗病 1090073 IR78555-68-3-3-3 0 0 0 0 0 0 抗病 1090077 IR80694-44-1-2-2 2 3 0 0 4 1 抗病 1090091 IR71677-161-2-3 2 3 0 0 0 0 抗病 1090095 IR74284-10-1-2-3-2 6 4 2 3 3 1 抗病 1090098 IR79648-35-2-1-1 18 6 4 4 1 1 抗病 1090101 IR81173-33-1-2-3 4 4 2 3 2 1 抗病
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表 5 INGER资源人工老化处理后各发芽区间的品种数和百分比结果
Table 5. Numbers and percentages of INGER germplasms on classifications of germination after accelerated aging
发芽率区间 GR=0 0＜GR≤10 10＜GR≤20 20＜GR≤30 30＜GR≤40 40＜GR≤50 50＜GR≤60 60＜GR≤70 70＜GR≤80 80＜GR≤90 90＜GR≤100 品种数 0 1 1 3 0 7 9 18 45 54 9 百分比/% 0 0.68 0.68 2.04 0 4.76 6.12 12.24 30.61 36.73 6.12 注：CK1：明恢63，发芽率38％；CK2：广恢122，发芽率87％。
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表 6 耐贮藏性较好的63个INGER资源
Table 6. Sixty-three INGER with desirable storability
品种名称 发芽率/% IRB006-8-2-2-1 81.55 IR78126-59-1-5-1-2 83.91 OM5239 82.69 OM5930 88.10 OM2517 91.24 OM2718 83.44 WAS173-B-B-2-1-4 80.86 WAS63-22-1-1-3-3 83.00 IN79-2-1-3-3-M 89.84 OM2514 82.88 WAS191-4-NAB-1-WAS-1 91.67 IR59552-21-3-2-2 86.78 IR79195-42-1-3-1 85.96 IR79216-8-2-3-1 85.92 IR73546-20-2-2-2 86.62 IR32809-26-3-3 85.00 ADRON124 87.50 IR73539-37-2-1-1 85.71 ADRON126 89.86 IR70175-22-1-1-2-2 86.09 WAS44-B-B-68-3 91.43 IR59552-21-3-2-2 81.98 PSBRC64 84.85 PSBRC2 90.43 ANGKE 80.21 BONPOYUDO 89.29 CELEBES 88.28 IR75386-14-3-2-2 84.03 IR77498-127-3-2-3-2 84.62 IR79643-39-2-2-3 80.00 IR80286-22-3-6-1 80.81 IR80655-30-1-3-1 87.18 IR81346-49-3-2-1 88.89 IR81350-95-2-1-2 87.18 IR72176-307-4-2-2-3 87.62 IR72892-77-2-2-2 86.02 IR79193-83-1-1-1 91.95 IR79253-55-1-4-6 84.38 IR79584-38-2-1-4 80.00 IR82355-5-2-3 80.95 IR72906-32-1-3-3 80.00 IR79253-19-3-3-5 89.01 IR80922-3-2-2-3 83.15 KONAWE 90.35 CIMELATI 80.77 IR78555-68 90.17 IR79089-149-2-3-3-3 83.82 IR79247-107-1-2-1 81.28 IR80694-44-1-2-2 84.88 IR80909-8-2-2-3 83.84 IR81330-19-2-1-3 80.20 IR81373-119-2-2-1 89.60 IR82355-9-1-2 81.31 PSBRC28 80.00 BATANG GADIS 83.65 IR74284-10-1-2-3-2 91.11 IT76928-74-3-2-1 81.15 IR77542-112-1-1-1-3 80.28 IR77734-93-2-3-2 94.90 IR82019-54-1-2 88.37 IR77186-122-2-2-3 81.82 OM5935 85.56 IR72 86.15
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