Effect of Temperature on Organic Carbon Mineralization in Two Types of Soil at Tea Plantations
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摘要: 室内模拟亚热带地区2种不同类型茶园土壤（黄壤和高山草甸土）在3种温度（10、20和30℃）下的有机碳矿化特征，分析有机碳矿化对温度变化的响应特征。结果表明：在47 d培养期间内，土壤类型和温度对茶园有机碳矿化具有显著影响，并且存在显著的交互作用；相同培养温度条件下高山草甸土茶园有机碳矿化量和矿化速率常数k均显著高于黄壤，但矿化比例差异不显著，随着培养温度的增大，有机碳累积矿化量持续增加，增幅分别为20.90~91.88%（黄壤）和48.52~113.88%（高山草甸土），且高山草甸土有机碳Q10值高于黄壤，说明有机碳含量丰富的高海拔高山草甸土茶园土壤有机碳温度敏感性更高；低温培养条件下（<20℃）土壤有机碳矿化的温度敏感性均显著高于高温培养条件下，说明低温条件下有机碳矿化速率对升温更敏感，低温条件下（<20℃）高山草甸土茶园土壤平均Q10值（2.05）显著高于黄壤（1.66），但高温条件下（>20℃），两者之间没有显著差异；一级动力学方程能较好地描述了2种茶园土壤有机碳的矿化累积动态，土壤有机碳的潜在矿化量（C0）随温度增加而增加。Abstract: An incubation test on the yellow and alpine meadow soils collected from the tea plantations in the subtropical region was conducted at 10, 20, and 30℃ to examine the response of the soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization due to the temperature changes. The results showed that, in a 47 d incubation, both soil type and temperature significantly affected the SOC mineralization with significant interactions between the two factors. At a same incubation temperature, the SOC mineralization accumulation and mineralization constant (k) were significantly higher in the alpine meadow than the yellow soil, but not on the mineralization rate. The cumulative SOC mineralization increased with increasing temperature by 20.90%-91.88% on the yellow soil, and 48.52%-113.88% on the alpine meadow soil. The temperature sensitivity, Q10, on SOC of the alpine meadow soil was significantly higher than that of the yellow soil, suggesting a greater effect of climate warming on SOC mineralization for tea plantations at higher altitudes. In addition, Q10 were higher at lower temperatures (<20℃) than higher temperatures (>20℃), indicating that the mineralization was more sensitive to temperature rise at low temperatures. And, when the temperature was lower than 20℃, the sensitivity of the alpine meadow soil was significant higher than that of its counterpart. Whereas, as the temperature raised beyond 25℃, no significant difference was found between them. The dynamics of SOC mineralization appeared to fit a first-order kinetics function, while the SOC mineralization potential (Co) increased with increasing incubation temperature.
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Key words:
- Soil organic carbon mineralization /
- tea plantation soil /
- temperature sensitivity /
- Q10
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图 1 培养期间土壤有机碳矿化速率和累积矿化量的动态变化
Figure 1. Mineralization rate and cumulative SOC mineralization during incubation
图 2 土壤有机碳累积矿化量和矿化比率
注：图中小写字母表示同一土壤类型在不同培养温度之间的差异，大写字母表示两种土壤类型在同一培养温度之间的差异。
Figure 2. Accumulative mineralization and SOC mineralization rate
表 1 试验地茶园基本情况
Table 1. Basic properties of tea plantations under investigation
土壤类型 树龄/a 茶树品种 树势 海拔/m 黄壤 8 水仙 中 385 高山草甸土 10 本地菜茶 好 1120 
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表 2 供试土壤基础理化性状
Table 2. Basic agro-chemical properties of soils under study
土壤类型 有机碳/(g·kg-1) 可溶性有机碳/(mg·kg-1) 微生物量碳/(mg·kg-1) 全氮/ (g·kg-1) 容重/(g.cm-3) C/N pH 砂粒/% 粉粒/% 粘粒/% 黄壤 23.52 44.17 135.67 1.71 1.06 13.75 4.18 15.97 58.43 25.60 高山草甸土 36.60 77.89 209.32 3.46 0.92 10.58 4.52 35.00 47.65 17.35
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表 3 培养期间土壤有机碳矿化速率的回归分析
Table 3. Mathematic equation of SOC mineralization during incubation
土壤类型 处理/℃ 回归方程 相关系数R2 黄壤 10 Y=-26.53ln(x)+65.98 0.97** 20 Y=-55.19ln(x)+129.85 0.96** 30 Y= -61.55ln(x)+151.50 0.97** 高山草甸土 10 Y=-50.48ln(x)+114.38 0.96** 20 Y=-116.92ln(x)+258.11 0.97** 30 Y=-155.72ln(x)+342.20 0.98** 注：式中Y: CO2-C矿化速率/(mg·kg-1·d-1)；x：培养时间/d。**P＜0.01。
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表 4 培养温度和土壤类型对有机碳矿化的影响
Table 4. Effect of temperature and soil type on SOC mineralization
因素 F值 累积矿化量 矿化比例 土壤类型 138.81** 4.27 培养温度 230.55** 164.01** 土壤类型×培养温度 15.04** 0.53 注：**表示 P＜0.01 水平下差异显著。
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表 5 土壤有机碳矿化的一级动力学参数
Table 5. Parameters on first-order kinetics of SOC mineralization
土壤类型 处理/℃ C0/(mg·kg-1) K(d-1) C0/SOC/% R2 黄壤 10 803.45c 0.063b 3.42c 0.96 20 1217.36b 0.084c 5.18b 0.97 30 1691.84a 0.069b 7.19a 0.98 高山草甸土 10 895.08c 0.10b 2.45c 0.99 20 1778.43b 0.13ab 4.86b 0.98 30 2315.99a 0.14a 6.33a 0.97
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