SNP of A-FABP Gene Relating to Meat Productivity of Muscovy Ducks
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摘要: 为了解A-FABP基因单核苷酸多态在番鸭群体中的分布情况，以及单核苷酸多态与生产性能的关联性，采用PCR-SSCP技术对番鸭A-FABP基因进行多态性研究，分析该基因与体重、屠宰性能、常规肉品质的相关性。结果表明：番鸭A-FABP基因上发现A-C突变，位于第2内含子第201处碱基，形成了AA、AB、BB 3种基因型，A等位基因频率为0.8241，B等位基因频率为0.175 9，群体纯合度为0.710 0，多态性信息含量为0.247 9。除第2、4周龄外，AA型公鸭早期体重显著高于AB型公鸭，母鸭不同基因型之间无显著差异。公鸭的宰前活重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、胸肌重、腹脂重、腹脂率指标在不同基因型之间存在显著性差异，AB型均小于AA型。母鸭只有腹脂重、腹脂率在不同基因型间存在显著性差异，AB型低于AA型。番鸭A-FABP基因第2内含子A201C单核苷酸突变对腹脂沉积、公鸭体重有显著影响。Abstract: The distribution of single nucleotides in the A-FABP gene of Muscovy ducks was believed to closely related to the meat productivity of the duck. This study applied PCR-SSCP to unveil the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)of the ducks that were genetically varied. Then, these SNPs were corrected to the body weight, slaughtering property and meat quality of the ducks. The results showed that the SNP of A-C was at the 201st site in the intron 2 of the A-FABP gene, and the mutation formed the genotypes, AA, AB and BB. The allele frequencies of A and B were determined to be 0.824 1 and 0.175 9, respectively. The homozygosity was 0.710 0 in the duck population; and, the polymorphic information content(PIC), 0.247 9.Other than the 2-and 4-week-old ducks, the individual weight of AA males was significantly higher than that of AB males, and no significant difference on the female ducks. The weights of live bird, slaughtered carcass, dressed carcass, half-eviscerated carcass, eviscerated carcass, breast meat, and abdominal fat, as well as the percentage of abdominal fat of a male duck differed significantly depending upon the genotypes, as those of the AB genotype being lower than those of the AA genotype. For the female ducks, only the weight and percentage of abdominal fat were significantly lower in the AB than AA genotype. The SNP of A201C in the intron 2 of the A-FABP gene played an important role on the abdominal fat deposit and body weight of a male Muscovy duck.
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Key words:
- Muscovy duck /
- A-FABP gene /
- single nucleotide polymorphism /
- meat productivity
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表 1 引物基本信息
Table 1. Basic information of primers
引物名称 核苷酸序列5′-3′ 扩增区域 产物长度
/bp退火温度
/℃F1 F：TCATACTATCTTCCCGTCTT 外显子1 194 56 R：ATTCAGCATTCCTTCCCTTT F2 F：TCTTCAGTCCATAGCACCCC 部分内含子2、外显子3 171 57 R：AAAAGGAACTCACCACCACC 
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表 2 不同周龄番鸭体重在基因型之间的差异
Table 2. Body weights of muscovy ducks with different genotypes and ages
(单位/g) 周龄
/周公鸭不同基因型体重(样本量N) 母鸭不同基因型体重(样本量N) AA(66) AB(28) AA(47) AB(19) 0 50.8±4.62a 47.4±3.66b 49.0±3.22ab 48.2±3.56b 2 324.0±34.55a 325.8±31.37a 297.1±26.47b 292.7±35.74b 4 818.6±92.03a 793.9±93.95a 633.1±68.41b 639.6±77.50b 6 1598.6±176.30a 1514.1±158.02b 1177.4±108.43c 1210.3±150.46c 8 2235.4±248.78a 2056.5±221.16b 1544.1±138.72c 1563.5±153.46c 10 2784.5±286.29a 2583.8±335.92b 1780.4±150.96c 1796.0±136.21c 13 3178.4±317.73a 2979.6±320.03b 1884.8±175.27c 1916.8±154.42c 注：同行数据后字母相同表示基因型之间数据无显著差异(P>0.05)，字母不同表示基因型之间存在显著性差异(P＜0.05)，下表同。
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表 3 不同基因型公、母鸭群体屠宰性能
Table 3. Indices on slaughtered carcass of muscovy ducks of different genotypes
项目 公鸭基因型(样本量N) 母鸭基因型(样本量N) AA(48) AB(21) AA(42) AB(18) 宰前活重/g 3219.0±279.65a 2999.4±342.79b 1905.6±175.99c 1918.9±159.04c 屠体重/g 2946.3±257.63a 2765.5±309.44b 1719.4±165.14c 1730.0±159.27c 屠宰率/% 91.58±3.41ab 92.24±1.75a 90.21±2.04b 90.13±2.89b 半净膛重/g 2747.7±254.6a 2563.5±299.7b 1571.5±162.8c 1596.7±160.8c 半净膛率/% 85.34±2.58a 85.46±1.80a 82.45±3.29b 83.12±2.89b 全净膛重/g 2548.6±244.14a 2382.3±264.85b 1430.5±150.71c 1451.7±137.34c 全净膛率/% 79.18±3.67a 79.48±2.38a 75.70±4.69b 75.63±2.84b 胸肌重/g 460.2±54.99a 418.4±57.63b 267.7±34.21c 263.8±32.51c 胸肌率/% 18.05±1.18ab 17.47±1.84b 18.71±1.25a 18.17±1.37ab 腿肌重/g 296.9±39.17a 287.9±41.62a 143.8±15.34b 152.1±14.95b 腿肌率/% 11.65±1.20a 12.18±1.95a 10.09±0.84b 10.50±0.88b 腹脂重/g 45.9±8.07a 36.7±8.04b 42.7±7.56a 37.3±6.18b 腹脂率/% 1.81±0.35c 1.54±0.34d 2.97±0.53a 2.56±0.38b
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表 4 不同基因型间肌肉常规肉品质比较
Table 4. The comparison of muscle common meat quality among different genotypes
部位 项目 公鸭基因型(样本量N) 母鸭基因型(样本量N) AA(48) AB(21) AA(42) AB(18) 胸肌 pH 6.02±0.38a 6.08±0.19a 5.95±0.17a 6.00±0.18a 剪切力/N 30.61±5.18ab 32.29±7.17a 27.77±5.97b 29.09±6.25ab 失水率/% 37.00±3.55a 37.64±5.24a 37.28±3.31a 35.79±4.49a 腿肌 pH 6.27±0.34 a 6.19±0.21a 6.23±0.15a 6.28±0.14a 剪切力/N 34.08±5.44a 34.48±6.28a 32.00±6.09a 33.53±6.12a 失水率/% 33.94±4.74a 32.31±4.95ab 29.41±4.82c 30.06±3.04bc
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