Effects of Bacterial Fertilizer on Growth and Photosynthesis of Bambusa tuldoides in Late Bamboo Shoot-forming Stage
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摘要: 以3年生鼓节竹为材料，研究生物菌肥0、0.3、0.6、0.9、1.2、1.5 kg·丛-1共6种施肥量对鼓节竹发笋末期生长及光合特性的影响，测定指标包括叶片净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）、胞间二氧化碳浓度（Ci）和水分利用效率（WUE），以及光合色素含量和成竹率，采用双曲线修正模型对光响应曲线进行模拟。结果表明：双曲线修正模型拟合度>0.99，净光合速率先急剧增长，后趋于稳定，达到光饱和点后呈现一定的下降趋势。各处理间的蒸腾速率、气孔导度和水分利用效率呈现相似的变化趋势，胞间二氧化碳浓度变化趋势则相反。不同菌肥施肥量处理均一定程度上增加了鼓节竹对于强光和弱光的利用，净光合速率和光合参数跟鼓节竹叶片叶绿素含量和成竹率密切相关。综合来看，施生物菌肥0.6 kg·丛-1对鼓节竹的生长效果更佳。Abstract: Three-year-old Bambusa tuldoides plants were used in the study. A biofertilizer was applied at the rates of 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2 or 1.5 kg per unit to patches of the plants. The photosynthetic properties, including net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci)and chlorophyll content of the leaves, as well asthe water usage efficiency (WUE) andbamboo shoot-forming rateof the plants were determined and fitted to a hyperbolic model for correlating the responses under varied lighting conditions. The correlation coefficients were better than 0.99 on the model fitting. For individual indicators, Pn increased sharply initially, then leveled off, and decreased after reaching the light saturation; and, Tr, Gs, and WUE hada similar response to the treatments, but Ci wasthe opposite. In varying degrees, the fertilizations increased the leaf utilization of high and low light. Thephotosynthetic parameters closely related to the chlorophyll content of the leaves and the shoot-formation of the plant. It was concluded that application of the biofertilizer at a rate of 0.6 kg·patch-1 was optimal for the growth and developmentof B. tuldoides.
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Key words:
- Bambusa tuldoides /
- biofertilizer /
- photosynthetic characteristics /
- growth
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图 1 不同施肥量对鼓节竹叶片光响应曲线的影响
Figure 1. Effect of biofertilizer applications on response of B. tuldoides leaves to light exposure
图 2 不同施肥量对鼓节竹叶片气孔导度的影响
Figure 2. Effect of biofertilizer applications on Gs of B. tuldoides leaves
图 3 不同施肥量对鼓节竹叶片胞间二氧化碳的影响
Figure 3. Effect of biofertilizer applications on Ci of B. tuldoides leaves
图 4 不同施肥量对鼓节竹叶片蒸腾速率的影响
Figure 4. Effect of biofertilizer applications on Tr of B. tuldoides leaves
图 5 不同施肥量对鼓节竹叶片水分利用效率的影响
Figure 5. Effect of biofertilizer applications on WUE of B. tuldoides leaves
表 1 各处理施肥量
Table 1. Amount of biofertilizer applied for each treatment
[单位/(kg·丛-1)] 处理 生物菌肥 CK 0 A 0.3 B 0.6 C 0.9 D 1.2 E 1.5 
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表 2 不同施肥量对鼓节竹成竹率的影响
Table 2. Effect of biofertilizer applications on shoot-forming rate of B. tuldoides
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表 3 不同施肥量对鼓节竹叶片叶绿素含量的影响
Table 3. Effect of biofertilizer applications on chlorophyll content in B. tuldoides leaves
处理 叶绿素含量
/(mg·g-1)A 2.16±0.03 c B 2.69±0.03 a C 2.53±0.06 b D 2.42±0.06 b E 2.05±0.03 c CK 1.88±0.05 d
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表 4 不同施肥量对鼓节竹叶片光合-光响应曲线特征参数的影响
Table 4. Parameters on light exposure vs. response model as affected by biofertilizer applications
处理 初始量子效率 最大净光合速率
/(μmol·m-2·s-1)光饱和点
/(μmol·m-2·s-1)光补偿点
/(μmol·m-2·s-1)暗呼吸速率
/(μmol·m-2·s-1)决定系数 A 0.04±0.22ab 6.35±0.21f 701.79±32.12b 14.24±1.21b 0.65±0.12b 0.9987 B 0.05±0.22ab 8.48±1.22e 894.15±27.48a 16.13±3.21b 0.76±0.01a 0.9981 C 0.06±0.21a 7.57±0.57d 693.91±29.32b 11.61±1.33c 0.64±0.03b 0.9993 D 0.05±0.03ab 7.12±0.03c 697.30±36.85b 10.02±2.32cd 0.50±0.14c 0.9932 E 0.06±0.10a 5.42±0.22b 641.50±22.75c 9.10±1.53d 0.47±0.12c 0.9914 CK 0.03±0.04b 3.38±0.22a 623.27±35.44d 32.47±2.43a 0.75±0.03ab 0.9945
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