氮肥形态对水稻吸收Pb、Cd的影响及其风险评价

刘兰英; 黄薇; 陈丽华; 吕新; 涂杰峰; 上官亮; 谢亚兴

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2018.10.013

氮肥形态对水稻吸收Pb、Cd的影响及其风险评价

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2018.10.013

1.
福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所, 福建福州 350003
2.
中纺检测有限公司, 福建泉州 362000

基金项目:

福建省自然科学基金 2018J01037

福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项 2018R1018-4

福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目 STIT2017-1-12

详细信息

作者简介:
刘兰英(1987-), 女, 硕士, 助理研究员, 研究方向:产地环境与农产品质量安全(E-mail:lly87119@126.com)

通讯作者:
涂杰峰(1960-), 男, 副研究员, 研究方向:产地环境与农产品质量安全(E-mail:tujiefeng@hotmail.com)

中图分类号: S511
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-07-19
- 修回日期: 2018-08-26
- 刊出日期: 2018-10-01

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizers on Pb and Cd Uptake of Rice Plants and Associated Food Safety Lssues

1.
Institute for Agricultural Standards and Testing Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
2.
Textile Inspection Company Limited of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China

摘要

摘要: 为揭示不同氮肥形态对水稻吸收Pb和Cd能力的影响，通过盆栽试验，比较不同氮肥形态（酰胺态氮肥、铵态氮肥和硝态氮肥）对土壤理化性质、重金属活性及水稻对其吸收的影响，采用污染指数法和风险评价模型对不同氮肥处理下水稻重金属的污染程度及对居民健康带来的风险进行评价。结果表明：相对于酰胺态氮肥，施用铵态氮肥可使土壤pH值下降，施用硝态氮肥可使土壤pH值上升，铵态氮肥处理的土壤中Pb、Cd含量较硝态氮肥处理低；相对于酰胺态氮肥和硝态氮肥，铵态氮肥能够降低水稻植株各部位的Pb、Cd含量；风险评价结果表明，施用铵态氮肥可在一定程度上降低镉对居民健康带来的风险，实际生产中通过施用铵态氮肥可有效减少水稻对重金属的吸收。
- 氮肥形态 /
- 重金属 /
- 吸收能力 /
- 风险评价 /
- 水稻
Abstract: Effect of nitrogen fertilizers on the uptakes of Pb and Cd by rice plants was studied. A pot experiment was conducted using amide, ammonium or nitrate nitrogen fertilizer to determine the responding soil properties, heavy metals bioavailability in rhizosphere soils, and metal uptakes by the plants. The heavy metal contaminations in different parts of a rice plant were evaluated by the pollution indices, and the food safety risk by an assessment model. The results showed that the pH in soil was lowered by the application of ammonium fertilizer, while raised by that of nitrate, as compared to amide. Among the three different nitrogen fertilizers, ammonium introduced significantly less Pb and Cd in the soil, as well as in the rice plants. The risk assessment on the rice did not raise a concern on Pb with ammonium but suggested its use to minimize Cd contamination.
- nitrogen fertilizers /
- heavy metal /
- uptake capacity /
- risk assessment /
- rice

HTML全文

图 1 不同氮肥种类对土壤理化性质的影响

注：图中CK、AD和XD分别为酰胺态氮肥、铵态氮肥和硝态氮肥处理，DCD为双氰胺；不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)，图 2~4同。

Figure 1. Physiochemical properties of soil as affected by different nitrogen fertilizers

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图 2 不同氮肥种类对土壤Pb和Cd含量的影响

Figure 2. Pb and Cd concentrations in soil as affected by different nitrogen fertilizers

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图 3 不同氮肥处理下水稻籽粒中Pb和Cd的污染指数

Figure 3. Pollution indices on Pb and Cd in grains from rice plants fertilized by different nitrogen fertilizers

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图 4 不同氮肥处理下水稻籽粒中Pb和Cd的风险商

Figure 4. Hazard quotients on Pb and Cd in grains from rice plants fertilized by different nitrogen fertilizers

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表 1 不同氮肥种类对水稻植株Pb和Cd含量的影响

Table 1. Pb and Cd concentration of rice plants as affected by different nitrogen form

氮肥形态	Pb含量/(mg·kg^-1)			Cd含量/(mg·kg^-1)
氮肥形态	根	茎叶	籽粒	根	茎叶	籽粒
CK	55.7±4.34b	4.40±0.588d	0.229±0.039d	0.738±0.083b	0.431±0.004de	0.265±0.014d
AD+DCD	24.0±0.637c	3.89±0.549d	0.116±0.001d	0.674±0.020bc	0.373±0.001d	0.197±0.001e
XD	73.2±0.559a	6.32±0.324d	0.374±0.061d	1.21±0.056a	0.471±0.019cd	0.336±0.006d
注：表中CK、AD和XD分别为酰胺态氮肥、铵态氮肥和硝态氮肥处理，DCD为双氰胺；不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。

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