Effects of Hydroponic Cultivation on Growth and Photosynthesis of Blueberry Seedlings
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摘要:
目的 探讨水培技术在蓝莓苗木繁育中的应用。 方法 采用1/2 Hogland营养液、改良配方及清水对两个兔眼品种芭尔德温和灿烂苔藓苗进行水培，以常规土壤栽培作为比较。观察幼苗根系及植株生长情况，测定幼苗的株高、干重、叶绿素含量、根系活力、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度、蒸腾速率以及植株氮磷钾含量等指标。 结果 水培的蓝莓幼苗总叶绿素含量以及净光合速率均高于土培，植株生长速度显著高于土培，植株氮磷钾含量等指标均在正常范围内；两个品种在不同氮形态水培营养液中表现迥异，芭尔德温在改良配方中生长最好，而灿烂却是在1/2 Hogland营养液中生长最好。 结论 蓝莓品种间对氮形态的需求各异，为此，科学的水培繁育应针对不同的品种调整配方及浓度。一般蓝莓商品苗的生产年限为1.5~2.0 a，经水培研究，适宜的水培营养液能够刺激蓝莓根系发育，促进植株生长，缩短育苗年限，加快苗木繁育进程。 Abstract:Objective Application of hydroponics for breeding blueberry seedlings was studied. Method Seedling propagation of two rabbit eye varieties of blueberry, Baldwin and Britewell, in hydroponics using a 1/2 Hogland nutrient solution, an improved formulation medium or tap water was compared to the conventional cultivation on soil. The root development and plant growth with respect to the physiological characteristics, including plant height, dry mass, chlorophyll content, root activity, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductivity, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration and transpiration rate as well as plant nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents, were determined for the comparison. Result The total chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of the seedlings grown in the hydroponics were higher than those on soil. The plant growth rate was significantly higher than that of control. The N, P, K contents and other indicators of the hydroponic seedlings were within the normally expected ranges. However, the seedlings of the Baldwin variety grew well in the hydroponics with the improved formulation medium, while Britewell did better with 1/2 Hogland nutrient solution. Conclusion The two blueberry varieties differed on nitrogen utilization. Therefore, in hydroponic breeding the seedlings, different forms of nitrogen ought to be used for the medium formulation. Commercial blueberry seedlings generally require 1.5-2.0 years to be fully developed for transplant. With the hydroponic cultivation, the plant growth was stimulated so that the breeding time could be considerably shortened. -
Key words:
- hydroponics /
- blueberry /
- seedling growth /
- photosynthetic characteristics
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图 1 不同处理对芭尔德温和灿烂株高、干重和根冠比的影响
注：T1为1/2 Hogland营养液，T2为改良的水培营养液，T3为清水，T4为土壤培养；不同小写字母表示在P＜0.05水平差异显著。图 2~6同。
Figure 1. Effects of treatments on plant height, dry weight and root-to-crown ratio of Baldwin and Britewell seedlings
Note: T1=1/2 Hogland nutrient solution, T2=improved formulation medium, T3=tap water, T4=soil cultivation. Data with different letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05.The same as Fig. 2-6.
图 2 不同处理对芭尔德温和灿烂总叶绿素含量与根系活力的影响
Figure 2. Effects of treatments on total chlorophyll content and root activity of Baldwin and Britewell seedlings
图 3 不同处理对芭尔德温和灿烂根茎叶中全氮含量的影响
Figure 3. Effects of treatments on total nitrogen in roots, stems and leaves of Baldwin and Britewell seedlings
图 4 不同处理对芭尔德温和灿烂根茎叶中全磷含量的影响
Figure 4. Effects of treatments on total phosphorus in roots, stems and leaves of Baldwin and Britewell seedlings
图 5 不同处理对芭尔德温和灿烂根茎叶中全钾含量的影响
Figure 5. Effects of treatments on total potassium in roots, stems and leaves of Baldwin and Britewell seedlings
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