粒苗兼用型大麦新品种福大麦2号的选育

张扬; 蓝新隆; 黄旭旻; 肖卫洪; 张秋英; 陈剑锋

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.07.002

粒苗兼用型大麦新品种福大麦2号的选育

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.07.002

张扬^{1, 2,},
蓝新隆^{1, 2},
黄旭旻^{1, 2},
肖卫洪³,
张秋英^{1, 2},
陈剑锋^{1, 2, ,}

1.
福建省农业科学院作物研究所, 福建福州 350013
2.
福建省特色旱作物品种选育工程技术研究中心, 福建福州 350013
3.
福建省周宁县农业局经作站, 福建宁德 355400

基金项目:

福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项 2017R1026-2

福建省农业科学院一般项目 AC2017-15

福建省农业科学院科技创新项目 A2015-1

福建省财政专项——福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目 STIT2017-2-6

福建省特色旱作物品种选育工程技术研究中心平台建设项目闽科计[2017]13号

详细信息

作者简介:
张扬(1985-), 男, 助理研究员, 硕士, 研究方向:大、小麦育种及其利用(E-mail:309971949@qq.com)

通讯作者:
陈剑锋(1979-), 男, 助理研究员, 研究方向:大、小麦育种及其利用(E-mail:zywheat@163.com)

中图分类号: S512.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-01-11
- 修回日期: 2019-06-30
- 刊出日期: 2019-07-20

Breeding of Grain-Sprout Dual-Utility Barley, Fudamai No. 2

ZHANG Yang^{1, 2
,},
LAN Xin-long^{1, 2},
HUANG Xu-min^{1, 2},
XIAO Wei-hong³,
ZHANG Qiu-ying^{1, 2},
CHEN Jian-feng^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Institute of Crops, Academy of Fujian Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China
2.
Technical Research Center of Specialty Dry Crop Variety Breeding of Fujian, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China
3.
Cash Crop Management Station, Agriculture Bureau of Fujian Zhouning, Ningde, Fujian 355400, China

摘要

摘要: 目的为促进大麦品种更新换代，满足种植业结构调整新需求，通过秋水仙素诱变育种选育出粒苗兼用型皮大麦新品种供推广种植。方法 2003年冬季采用秋水仙素溶液处理分蘖盛期的闽诱3号植株，2004年春季从其诱变后代变异群体中筛选优势单株为母本与父本莆大麦5号杂交，进行多年多点系谱选育，选育出粒苗兼用型皮大麦新品种福大麦2号。结果 2012-2014年连续2年参加福建省区试，第1年平均产量4 450.58 kg·hm^-2，比对照品种（福大麦1号，下同）增产5.6%，增产达到极显著水平；第2年平均产量4 612.95 kg·hm^-2，比对照品种增产5.2%，增产达到极显著水平；对白粉病、赤霉病和锈病的抗性都达到中抗以上水平，抗病性综合表现与对照品种相当。2014-2015年参加生产试验，平均产量4 662.95 kg·hm^-2，比对照品种增产6.29%。2015年进行麦苗产量测产试验，福大麦2号的鲜麦苗产量为24 084.75 kg·hm^-2，比对照品种增产8.42%；氨基酸总量为22.65 g·hg^-1，比对照品种多9.0%；维生素C和蛋白质含量与对照品种相当。结论福大麦2号分蘖力强，再生性好，有效穗数多，穗长粒大，籽粒产量高，抗病性较强，是具有推广价值的皮大麦新品种；其麦苗产量高、品质好，是作为加工麦苗粉或麦苗汁等保健食品的理想原料。该品种适宜在福建省及相似生态区推广种植。
- 福大麦2号 /
- 粒苗兼用型品种 /
- 秋水仙素 /
- 诱变育种
Abstract: Objective To develop a barley variety with the grains suitable either for food as it or for sprout production to meet the marketing demand. Method In the winter of 2003, the colchicine mutagenesis breeding method was employed to treat Minyou No. 3 during tiller development period. In the following spring, desirable mutants were crossed as female plant with the male Pudamai No. 5. The new hybrid barley was then cultivated after years of pedigree breeding to arrive at the finalized cultivar, Fudamai No. 2. Result In 2012-2014 district production trials in Fujian, Fudamai No. 2 delivered an average annual yield of 4 550.58 kg·hm^-2 in the first year which was 5.6% higher than that of the reference, Fudamai No. 1, and 4 612.95 kg·hm^-2 for the second year with a 5.2% increase over the reference (both at significant differences). Like the reference, the new variety exhibited above moderate resistances to the powdery mildew, scab, and rust. In the 2015 production trial, an average yield of 4 662.95 kg·hm^-2 was obtained which represented a 6.29% increase over that of the reference. During the same year, the yield of fresh barley sprouts from Fudamai No. 2 in a trial was 24 084.75 kg·hm^-2 representing an 8.42% increase over that of control. As compared with the reference, the sprouts contained 22.65 g·hg^-1 of amino acids (an increase of 9%) and same levels on vitamin C and protein. Conclusion Fudamai No. 2 was strong in tiller generation, robust in renewable capability, productive on panicles, long on spike length, high in grain yield, and strong resistance to diseases with a promising commercial value. The sprouts from the seeds had the desirable quality of high yield and nutritional quality for marketing and/or processing as a health food product, such as fresh barley sprouts, sprout powder or juice. This new variety was deemed suitable for extended cultivation in Fujian and regions of similar ecological conditions.
- Fudamai No. 2 /
- grain-sprout type /
- colchicine /
- mutation breeding

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图 1 福大麦2号选育过程

Figure 1. Flowchart of Fudamai No. 2 breeding procedures

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表 1 新品系籽粒产量比较

Table 1. Grain yields of new lines of barley

品系(品种) Strain(variety)	重复Regulation			平均 Average	比CK₁ Than CK₁		比CK₂ Than CK₂
品系(品种) Strain(variety)	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	平均 Average	增产 Regulation/(kg·hm^-2)	增产率Rate of production increase/%	增产 Regulation/(kg·hm^-2)	增产率Rate of production increase/%
系1Xi1	4920	4770	4875	4855	480	10.97^**	530	12.25^**
系2 Xi2	4665	4590	4605	4620	245	5.60^*	295	6.80^**
系3 Xi3	4545	4635	4530	4570	195	4.46^*	245	5.66^*
闽诱3号Minyou3hao(CK₁)	4320	4395	4410	4375
莆大麦5号Pudamai5hao(CK₂)	4380	4275	4320	4325
注：为增产显著，为增产极显著。 Note： is a significant increase in production, and ** is a very significant increase in production, per unit.

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表 2 福大麦2号在福建省区域试验中的产量表现

Table 2. Statistics on yield of Fudamai No. 2 at regional trials in Fujian

品种 Variety	年份 Year	产量 Yield/(kg·hm^-2)	增产点率 Rate of increase in yield/%	比CK增产 Than CK±/%	差异显著性 Significance of difference		参试品种数量 Number of tested varieties	位次 Rank
品种 Variety	年份 Year	产量 Yield/(kg·hm^-2)	增产点率 Rate of increase in yield/%	比CK增产 Than CK±/%	0.05	0.01	参试品种数量 Number of tested varieties	位次 Rank
福大麦2号Fudamai2hao	2013	4450.58	100	5.6	b	B	5	4
	2014	4612.95	100	5.2	b	B	5	4
	平均Average	4531.76	100	5.4
福大麦1号Fudamai1hao(CK)	2013	4215.23			d	D	5	5
	2014	4386.68			d	D	5	5
	平均Average	4300.96

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表 3 福大麦2号丰产性及稳定性表现

Table 3. Yield and stability of Fudamai No. 2

品种 Variety	年份 Year	丰产性分析Yield analysis		稳定性分析Stability analysis
品种 Variety	年份 Year	小区产量 Plot yield	效应值 Effect value	S_d²	CV/%	y=a+bx
福大麦2号Fudamai2hao	2013	5.9	0.2783	0.0040	1.0313	y₄=1.4273 +1.18497x
	2014	6.2	0.0483	50.020	1.5523	y₄=2.5457 +1.39915x
	平均Average	6.1	0.1633	0.0145	1.2918
福大麦1号Fudamai1hao(CK)	2013	5.6	-0.5200	0.0010	0.5817	y₃=-0.2739 +0.96038x
	2014	5.8	-0.3733	0.0110	1.7506	y₃=-0.3108 +0.99000x
	平均Average	5.7	-0.4467	0.006	1.1662

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表 4 2015年福建省生产试验结果

Table 4. Yield of Fudamai No. 2 in Fujian Provincial Production Trial in 2015

试验地点 Production test site	产量Yield/(kg·hm^-2)		比对照增产 Increase than CK±/%
试验地点 Production test site	福大麦2号Fudamai2hao	福大麦1号Fudamai1hao(CK)	比对照增产 Increase than CK±/%
莆田秀屿区Xiuyu District, Putian	4792.35	4486.50	6.82
泉州泉港区Quangang District, Quanzhou	4786.95	4411.95	8.49
宁德蕉城区Jiaocheng District, Ningde	4246.25	4168.20	1.87
福州晋安区晋安District, Fuzhou	4826.25	4480.05	7.73
平均Average	4662.95	4386.68	6.29

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表 5 2015年麦苗生产测产试验结果

Table 5. Production trial on barley sprouts in 2015

试验地点 Production test site	产量Yield/(kg·hm^-2)		比对照增产 Increase than CK±/%
试验地点 Production test site	福大麦2号Fudamai2hao	福大麦1号Fudamai1hao(CK)	比对照增产 Increase than CK±/%
莆田秀屿区Xiuyu District, Putian	24333	22833	6.57
泉州泉港区Quangang District, Quanzhou	23583	21750	8.43
宁德蕉城区Jiaocheng District, Ningde	23750	21833	8.78
福州晋安区Jin′an District, Fuzhou	24673	22453	9.89
平均Average	24084.75	22217.25	8.42

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表 6 福大麦1号和福大麦2号的籽粒与麦苗营养成分

Table 6. Nutritional contents of grains and sprouts of Fudamai No. 1 and Fudamai No. 2

营养成分 Nutrition composition	籽粒Grain		麦苗Wheat Seedling
营养成分 Nutrition composition	福大麦2号 Fudamai2hao	福大麦1号 Fudamai1hao(CK)	福大麦2号 Fudamai2hao	福大麦1号 Fudamai1hao(CK)
维生素C Vitamin C/(mg·hg^-1)	1.2	1.4	20.8	20.3
蛋白质Protein/(g·hg^-1)	9.12	13.07	30.7	31.52
苯丙氨酸Phenylalanine/(g·hg^-1)	0.63	0.64	1.38	1.53
亮氨酸Leucine/(g·hg^-1)	0.84	0.88	2.09	1.87
异亮氨酸Isoleucine/(g·hg^-1)	0.42	0.45	1.00	1.05
苏氨酸Threonine/(g·hg^-1)	0.45	0.42	1.22	1.09
蛋氨酸Methionine/(g·hg^-1)	0.17	0.12	0.36	0.24
精氨酸Arginine/(g·hg^-1)	0.59	0.50	1.44	1.15
胱氨酸Cystine/(g·hg^-1)	0.18	0.10	0.04	0.13
天门冬氨酸Aspartate/(g·hg^-1)	0.72	0.71	2.14	2.38
缬氨酸Valine/(g·hg^-1)	0.62	0.64	1.43	1.39
脯氨酸Proline/(g·hg^-1)	1.21	1.23	1.21	1.23
酪氨酸Tyrosine/(g·hg^-1)	0.36	0.25	0.80	0.41
丙氨酸Alanine/(g·hg^-1)	0.49	0.51	2.21	0.69
组氨酸Histidine/(g·hg^-1)	0.25	0.28	0.49	0.46
丝氨酸Serine/(g·hg^-1)	0.49	0.52	1.03	0.91
谷氨酸Glutamate/(g·hg^-1)	2.79	2.98	2.91	2.96
甘氨酸Glycine/(g·hg^-1)	0.47	0.50	1.36	1.36
赖氨酸Lysine/(g·hg^-1)	0.46	0.46	1.51	1.35
氨基酸总量Amino Acids/(g·hg^-1)	11.14	11.19	22.62	20.75

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表 7 区域试验抗病性表现

Table 7. Resistance of varieties at regional trails

品种 Varieties	年份 Year	白粉病 Powdery mildew	赤霉病 Scab	锈病 Rust disease
福大麦2号 Fudamai2hao	2013	R	R	R
	2014	MR	R	R
	平均Average	MR	R	R
福大麦1号 Fudamai1hao(CK)	2013	R	MR	R
	2014	R	R	R
	平均Average	R	MR	R

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