Breeding and Cultivation of a New High-yield, High-quality Mindou 7 Soybean for Fresh Bean Consumption
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摘要:
目的 选育高产优质的鲜食大豆新品种供推广种植，促进鲜食大豆品种更新换代。 方法 以抚鲜5号为母本，云豆9号为父本进行有性杂交，经系谱选育，聚合父母本优良基因，定向选出组合08B3-1。2013年春进行品比试验，平均鲜荚产量11 459.40 kg·hm−2，比对照毛豆3号显著提高2.25%，定名为闽豆7号（闽审豆20180002）。 结果 推荐参加福建省鲜食大豆新品种区域试验，在2015–2016年两年区域试验中，闽豆7号平均鲜荚产量9 625.50 kg·hm−2，比对照毛豆3号增产1.76%；2017年春进入福建省鲜食大豆新品种生产试验，平均鲜荚产量9 780.45 kg·hm−2，比对照增产5.68%；2018年4月通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定（闽审豆20180002）。 结论 育成鲜食大豆新品种闽豆7号，该品种荚大粒大，清煮口感香甜柔糯，属鲜食大豆中熟品种，适宜福建省春播种植。 Abstract:Objective A new high-yield, high-quality soybean variety for fresh bean consumption was bred through sexual hybridization of pedigrees and cultivated in regional trials to determine production performances. Method Hybridized by using Fuxian 5 as the female parent and Yundou 9 as the male parent, a pedigree line coded 08B3-1 was generated. In the spring of 2013 trial, the newly bred variety demonstrated yield traits and bean quality significantly higher than those of the reference, Maodou 3. It was then named Mindou 7 and submitted for demonstration in the annual regional trials in the province on new soybean varieties for fresh bean consumption. Result In the 2013 trial, Mindou 7 showed an average fresh pod yield of 11 459.40 kg·hm−2, which was 2.25% higher than that of Maodou 3. In the subsequent provincial regional trials in 2015 and 2016, it delivered an average fresh pod yield of 9 625.50 kg·hm−2, which was 1.76% higher than that of Maodou 3. Again, in 2017, the yield was 9 780.45 kg·hm−2, impressively 5.68% higher than that of control. The new variety was approved and released by the Fujian Provincial Committee of Crop Variety Identification in April 2018. Conclusion The mid-season-maturation Mindou 7, with its large pods and beans, palatable taste and flavor as well as tender texture after cooking, was considered a premium variety for fresh soybean consumption and suitable for spring planting in Fujian. -
Key words:
- fresh soybean variety /
- new variety /
- Mindou 7 /
- breeding
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表 1 参试品种（系）鲜荚产量差异比较
Table 1. Fresh pod yields of tested soybean varieties
品种（系）
Variety（line）小区产量
Plot yield/kg差异显著性
Significant difference at 0.05/0.01鲜荚产量
Fresh pod yield/（kg·hm−2）比对照±
Than
CK±/%标准荚产量
Standared pod yield/（kg·hm−2）比对照±
Than
CK±/%0.05 0.01 08B2-2 15.60 a A 11 694.15 4.35 8 705.40 3.56 08B2-1 15.41 a AB 11 549.25 3.05 8 664.45 3.08 06B24-2-1 15.41 a AB 11 549.25 3.05 8 748.15 4.07 闽豆7号 Mindou 7 15.29 ab ABC 11 459.40 2.25 8 560.05 1.83 09A20-1-2 15.23 ab ABC 11 419.35 1.90 8 566.50 1.91 毛豆3号 Maodou 3（CK） 14.95 bc BC 11 206.95 0.00 8 405.85 0.00 08B18-1 14.75 c CD 11 059.50 −1.32 8 250.00 −1.85 08B4-1 14.20 d D 10 642.20 −5.04 7 948.20 −5.44 注：小区面积13.3 m2；闽豆7号原组合编号“08B3-1”。
Note: Plot size was 13.3 m2; initial code for Mindou 7 was 08B3-1.
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表 2 闽豆7号与毛豆3号主要农艺性状和经济性状比较
Table 2. Main agronomic and economic characteristics of Mindou 7 and Maodou 3
性状 Trait 闽豆7号 Mindou 7 毛豆3号 Maodou 3（CK） 2015年 2016年 平均 Average 2015年 2016年 平均 Average 生育期* Growth period/d 79.4 76.6 78.0 81.1 77.3 79.2 株高 Plant height/cm 29.72 32.69 31.21 30.80 33.62 32.21 茎粗 Stem diameter/cm 0.70 0.63 0.67 0.67 0.56 0.62 主茎节数 Main stem node number 7.5 7.3 7.4 7.0 7.5 7.3 有效分枝数 Effective branch number 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.2 2.8 3.0 单株有效荚数 Pod number per plant 19.0 19.8 19.4 22.0 19.0 20.5 单株荚重 Pod weight per plant/g 48.22 60.66 54.44 54.30 59.81 57.06 百粒鲜重 Fresh 100-seed weight/g 88.56 90.21 89.39 84.02 90.82 87.42 单株标准荚数 Standard pods per plant 13.5 12.4 13.0 14.8 12.7 13.8 标准荚长 Standard pod length/cm 6.05 6.18 6.12 5.81 6.17 5.99 标准荚宽 Standard pod width/cm 1.46 1.42 1.44 1.37 1.41 1.39 每公斤标准荚数 Standard pods per kilogram 286.3 288.6 287.5 284.9 276.8 280.9 注：*生育期指播种出苗至采青日数。
Note: *Growth period shown in days from seedling emergence to pod harvesting.
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表 3 闽豆7号与毛豆3号在福建省区域试验中的产量比较
Table 3. Production of Mindou 7 and Maodou 3 in Fujian Provincial Regional Trials
年份
Year标准荚产量 Standard pod yield/（kg·hm−2） 比对照±
Than
CK ±/%鲜荚产量 Fresh pod yield/（kg·hm−2） 比对照±
Than
CK ±/%闽豆7号
Mindou 7毛豆3号（CK）
Maodou 3（CK）闽豆7号
Mindou 7毛豆3号（CK）
Maodou 3（CK）2015 6 322.50 6 666.60 −5.16 8 958.00 8 815.65 1.62 2016 8 265.15 7 827.60 5.59 10 292.40 10 102.50 1.88 平均 Average 7 293.83 7 247.10 0.65 9 625.20 9 459.08 1.76
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表 4 闽豆7号与毛豆3号各试点小区产量
Table 4. Production of Mindou 7 in 2015 and 2016 Fujian Provincial Regional Trials
（单位：kg） 年份
Year品种
Variety泉州
Quanzhou同安
Tong’an漳州
Zhangzhou莆田
Putian连江
Lianjiang明溪
Mingxi南平
Nanping宁德
Ningde平均
Average2015 闽豆7号 Mindou 7 9.00 14.15 9.48 11.26 15.45 11.90 — 12.45 11.95 毛豆3号 Maodou 3（CK） 10.00 12.63 11.85 11.20 14.40 11.00 — 11.25 11.76 试点平均 Average 9.90 12.73 11.24 11.84 15.03 10.88 — 10.65 11.76 2016 闽豆7号 Mindou 7 14.50 14.83 15.68 12.31 11.90 11.73 13.38 — 13.73 毛豆3号 Maodou 3（CK） 14.63 15.90 16.79 12.17 11.33 11.23 12.28 — 13.48 试点平均 Average 13.95 15.34 16.24 12.50 11.88 11.22 13.14 — 13.47
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表 5 闽豆7号与毛豆3号在福建省区域试验的丰产性和稳定性分析
Table 5. Abundant and stable yield performance of Mindou 7 and Maodou 3 demonstrated in Fujian Provincial Regional Trials
年份
Year品种
Variety丰产性参数
Fertility parameters稳定性参数
Stability parameters小区产量
Plot yield/kg效应值
Effect value标准差d
Standard deviation变异系数
Coefficient of variation稳定性系数bi
Stability coefficient回归方程
Regression equation综合评价
Comprehensive evaluation2015 闽豆7号 Mindou 7 11.95 0.20 1.74 11.06 1.14 y = −1.417 3+1.137 4 x 好 毛豆3号 Maodou 3（CK） 11.76 0.01 0.26 4.36 0.80 y = 2.366 7 + 0.799 3 x 较好 2016 闽豆7号 Mindou 7 13.73 0.26 0.35 4.32 1.00 y = 0.232 7 + 1.002 4 x 好 毛豆3号 Maodou 3（CK） 13.48 0.01 0.37 4.52 1.22 y = −2.905 9 + 1.216 5 x 好
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