不同土壤紧实度对金线莲生长和品质的影响

胡坤; 王文俊; 童晨晓; 郭力铭; 周碧青; 张红雪; 邹双全; 毛艳玲

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.03.004

不同土壤紧实度对金线莲生长和品质的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.03.004

胡坤^1,,
王文俊¹,
童晨晓¹,
郭力铭¹,
周碧青^{1, 2},
张红雪¹,
邹双全³,
毛艳玲^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
福建农林大学资源与环境学院，福建　福州　350002
2.
土壤生态系统健康与调控福建省高校重点实验室，福建　福州　350002
3.
自然生物资源保育利用福建省高校工程研究中心，福建　福州　350002

基金项目: 中央财政林业科技推广示范项目（闽[2018]TG15号）；福建省林业科技项目（2020TG17）；福建农林大学科技创新专项基金（KFA19080A）

详细信息

作者简介:
胡坤（1995−），男，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤碳氮组分研究（E-mail：243978862@qq.com）

通讯作者:
毛艳玲（1970−），女，博士，教授，主要从事土壤碳氮循环研究（E-mail：fafum@126.com）

中图分类号: S 567.23，S 567.9
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-16
- 修回日期: 2020-03-08
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-31

Effect of Different Soil Compaction on Growth and Quality of Anoectochilus roxburghii

1.
College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou　350002, China
2.
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation, Fuzhou　350002, China
3.
Fujian University Engineering Research Center for Conservation and Utilization of Natural biological Resources, Fuzhou　350002, China

摘要

摘要: 目的明确不同土壤紧实度对金线莲生长发育的影响，筛选出金线莲生长所需的适宜紧实度，为金线莲科学种植、品质提升提供理论依据。方法通过盆栽试验，采用珍珠岩调控，设置土壤容重分别为0.7、0.8、0.9、1.0和1.1 g·cm⁻³ 共5个处理，测定不同土壤紧实度对金线莲生长、生理与品质的影响。结果（1）过高或过低的土壤紧实度均不利于金线莲生长和产量提升，土壤容重0.9 g·cm⁻³处理时金线莲株高、地径、叶片数、根长、鲜重最大，相比其他处理平均显著增加14.97%、8.70%、6.80%、21.04%、28.87%；折干率在土壤容重0.8 g·cm⁻³时最大，相比其他处理平均增加44.84%；而土壤紧实度对叶长和叶宽影响不明显。（2）适宜的土壤紧实度（0.8～0.9 g·cm⁻³）提高了金线莲叶片中叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素含量，但对叶绿素b含量影响不明显。（3）过高或过低的土壤紧实度均不利于金线莲C、N、P、K养分积累和品质提升，土壤容重0.9 g·cm⁻³处理时金线莲多糖、氨基酸、总酚、黄酮、Vc含量最高，相比其他处理平均增加36.65%、41.79%、23.22%、24.10%、13.60%。结论过高或过低的土壤紧实度均不利于金线莲的生长及产量品质的提升，当红壤与珍珠岩配比（m ∶ m）达到40 ∶ 1，即土壤容重为0.9 g·cm⁻³时，金线莲生长和品质最佳。
- 土壤紧实度 /
- 金线莲 /
- 生长 /
- 品质
Abstract: Objective To clarify the influence of different soil compaction on the growth and development of the Anoectochilus, and to screen out the appropriate compaction required for the growth of the Anoectochilus, to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific planting and quality improvement of the Anoectochilus. Method Through pot experiment, used perlite control, the soil bulk density was set to 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0 and 1.1 g·cm⁻³, a total of 5 treatments to study the effect of soil compaction on the growth and quality of Anoectochilus. Result (1) Too high or too low soil compaction is not conducive to the growth and yield of Anoectochilus. When the soil bulk density is 0.9 g·cm⁻³, the plant height, ground path, number of leaves, root length and fresh weight of Anoectochilus are was the largest, with a significant increase of 14.97%, 8.70%, 6.80%, 21.04%, and 28.87% on average compared with other treatments; the drying rate is the largest when the soil bulk density is 0.8 g·cm⁻³, which is an average increase of 44.84% compared with other treatments; The soil compaction has no obvious effect on leaf length and leaf width. (2) Suitable soil compaction (0.8～0.9 g·cm⁻³) increased the content of chlorophyll a and carotenoids in the leaves of Anoectochilus, but had little effect on the content of chlorophyll b. (3) Too high or too low soil compaction is not conducive to the accumulation of C, N, P, K nutrients and quality improvement of Anoectochilus, when the soil bulk density is 0.9 g·cm⁻³, the polysaccharides, amino acids, total The content of phenol, flavonoids, and Vc was the highest, and the average increase was 36.65%, 41.79%, 23.22%, 24.10%, 13.60% compared with other treatments. Conclusion Too high or too low soil compaction is not conducive to the growth and yield and quality of the Anoectochilus. When the ratio of red soil to perlite reaches 40 ∶ 1, which is the soil bulk density is 0.9 g·cm⁻³, the growth and quality of the Anoectochilus is the best.
- soil compactness /
- Anoectochilus /
- growth /
- quality

HTML全文

图 1 不同土壤紧实度对金线莲产量指标的影响

Figure 1. The effect of different soil compaction on the yield index of Anoectochilus

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表 1 各处理土壤和珍珠岩质量

Table 1. The quality of soil and perlite for each treatment

处理 Treatment	红壤 Red soil/g	珍珠岩 Perlite/g	容重 Bulk density/（g·cm⁻³）
T1	1200	120	0.7
T2	1400	80	0.8
T3	1600	40	0.9
T4	1800	20	1.0
T5	2000	0	1.1

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表 2 不同土壤紧实度对金线莲生长指标的影响

Table 2. The effect of different soil compaction on the growth index of Anoectochilus

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height/cm	地径 Ground path/mm	叶数 Number of leaves	叶长 Leaf length/cm	叶宽 Leaf width/cm	根长 Root length/cm
T1	9.92±0.32 c	2.46±0.22 b	3.87±0.33 b	2.03±0.19 b	1.74±0.14 a	3.02±0.31 c
T2	11.28±0.44 b	2.71±0.20 a	4.34±0.22 a	2.51±0.08 a	1.75±0.07 a	3.20±0.27 c
T3	12.40±0.73 a	2.75±0.15 a	4.36±0.37 a	2.63±0.13 a	1.77±0.07 a	4.53±0.34 a
T4	11.14±0.51 b	2.45±0.26 b	4.00±0.35 b	2.41±0.13 a	1.71±0.16 a	4.26±0.28 b
T5	10.80±0.65 bc	2.50±0.23 b	4.12±0.18 ab	2.41±0.14 a	1.68±0.10 a	4.49±0.45 a
注：表中标注不同小写字母表示在（P＜0.05）水平差异显著，下同。 Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences at（P＜0.05）, the same below.

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表 3 不同土壤紧实度对金线莲叶绿素与类胡萝卜素的影响

Table 3. The effect of different soil compaction on physiological index of Anoectochilus

处理 Treatment	叶绿素a Chlorophyll a/ （mg·g⁻¹）	叶绿素b Chlorophyll b/ （mg·g⁻¹）	类胡萝卜素 Carotenoids/ （mg·g⁻¹）
T1	1.84±0.12 b	0.43±0.05 a	0.51±0.09 b
T2	1.96±0.15 a	0.43±0.02 a	0.55±0.04 b
T3	1.99±0.08 a	0.46±0.06 a	0.63±0.05 a
T4	1.86±0.17 b	0.47±0.03 a	0.59±0.03 ab
T5	1.83±0.13 b	0.46±0.07 a	0.53±0.08 b

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表 4 不同土壤紧实度对金线莲养分含量的影响

Table 4. The effect of different soil compaction on nutrient content of Anoectochilus

处理 Treatment	养分含量 Nutrient content/（mg·g⁻¹）
处理 Treatment	C	N	P	K
T1	339.58±10.47 b	28.15±1.27 a	1.03±0.04 c	19.27±1.05 b
T2	341.55±12.54 b	28.35±1.31 a	1.15±0.08 b	20.62±1.30 a
T3	355.33±9.92 a	28.71±0.52 a	1.27±0.07 a	20.77±1.52 a
T4	357.92±17.43 a	28.21±1.39 a	1.16±0.12 b	19.13±0.99 b
T5	348.58±8.04 a	25.79±0.93 b	1.12±0.09 b	18.97±1.41 b

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表 5 不同土壤紧实度对金线莲品质指标的影响

Table 5. The effect of different soil compaction on the quality index of Anoectochilus

处理 Treatment	多糖 Polysaccharide/（mg·g⁻¹）	氨基酸 Amino acid/（mg·g⁻¹）	总酚 Total phenols/（mg·g⁻¹）	黄酮 Flavonoids/（mg·g⁻¹）	Vc Vitamin C/（mg·g⁻¹）
T1	109.51±3.55 b	2.05±0.13 b	26.98±1.64 b	12.01±0.84 ab	23.36±1.23 b
T2	83.76±1.29 c	1.98±0.15 b	27.54±1.47 b	8.65±0.52 c	27.28±2.04 a
T3	143.07±4.97 a	2.57±0.21 a	34.37±2.06 a	13.98±1.11 a	27.57±1.84 a
T4	114.61±4.25 b	1.78±0.08 bc	29.97±2.34 b	13.74±0.95 a	24.67±1.81 b
T5	110.91±3.88 b	1.44±0.17 c	27.08±1.82 b	10.66±0.69 b	21.77±2.45 c

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