土壤不同消毒方式对百合根际真菌群落的影响

方少忠; 郭文杰; 郑益平; 张洁; 杨成龙; 黄永旺; 林智敏

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.10.014

土壤不同消毒方式对百合根际真菌群落的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.10.014

1.
福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所，福建福州　350003
2.
福建省南平市延平区大横镇政府农技站，福建南平　354200

基金项目: 福建省科技计划公益类专项（2019R1027-10）

详细信息

作者简介:
方少忠（1969−），男，硕士，副研究员，主要从事园艺栽培相关研究（E-mail: 2929115638@qq.com）

通讯作者:
林智敏（1976−），男，博士，副研究员，研究方向：主要从事园艺植物分子育种相关研究（ E-mail　lzmfaas@sina.com）

中图分类号: S 68
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-17
- 修回日期: 2021-09-10
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-30
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-28

Effects of Disinfection Treatments on Fungal Community in Rhizosphere Soil of Lilium ‘Conca d'Or’

1.
Horticultural Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350003, China
2.
Agricultural Technology Station of Daheng Town Government, Yanping District, Nanping, Fujian　354200, China

摘要

摘要: 目的通过土壤理化消毒处理，抑制有害菌落的滋长，改善百合生长期间根际土壤真菌群落生态，为解决百合连作障碍提供理论依据。方法以百合根际土壤为试验材料，应用热水、棉隆和乙醇进行土壤预处理，基于llumina MiSeq测序平台，研究百合重茬地的根际土壤真菌群落结构和丰度的变化趋势。结果热水处理对幼苗期百合的生长最优，棉隆处理对生长起延缓作用。从 4 份土壤样本中获得472440 条 ITS 序列，在 97%序列相似性基础上可划分为 410个可操作分类单元（OTU）。不同处理的真菌种类和相对丰度随着百合生长发育过程呈现不同变化规律，子囊菌门均为最优势菌群，热水和棉隆处理对病原菌（根腐菌和青霉菌）效果最为明显。丰度聚类分析结果，3个发育阶段过程中优势菌群变化较大，群落结构与CK差异显著。结论热水和棉隆处理均能有效改善百合根际土壤真菌群落结构，棉隆属于一种土壤化学处理高效途径，处理后菌群变化较大，前期抑制强，应在处理土壤后増施有益菌，可获得理想应用效果。
- 百合 /
- 连作障碍 /
- 根际微生物 /
- 高通量测序
Abstract: Objective Physical and chemical means of disinfection were applied on soil to determine the effects on the fungal community in the rhizosphere as well as the growth of Lilium ‘Conca d'Or’ under continuous cropping. Methods The rhizosphere soil was disinfected with hot water, dazomet, or alcohol. Illumina Miseq sequencing was employed to determine the structure and abundance of the rhizosphere fungal community before and after the treatments. Effect of the treatments on the growth of Lilium seedlings was observed. Result The hot water treatment was best for the growth of Lilium seedlings, while dazomet delayed it. A total of 472,440 ITS sequences were obtained from the 3 treatment and one control samples. They were divided into 410 operational taxa (OTUs) at a 97% similarity. The species and relative abundance of fungi in the soils varied among the samples and changed during the growth and development of the plants. Ascomycete was the most dominant flora in all samples. Both treatments of hot water and dazomet exerted the most significant effects on pathogens such as root fungus and penicillium. As indicated by the abundance cluster analysis, flora dominance altered significantly in 3 development stages, and the community structure in the treatment soils differed significantly from control. Conclusion Disinfection by either hot water or dazomet could effectively improve the fungal community structure in the Lilium rhizosphere soil. Dazomet was an effective chemical disinfectant which significantly inhibited fungal growth in general at the early stage after the application. Therefore, to maximize the desired final result it was highly recommended that beneficial bacteria be added following the disinfecting treatment.
- Lilium /
- continuous cropping /
- rhizosphere microorganisms /
- high throughput sequencing

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图 1 不同处理百合幼苗期田间生长性状

注：a，棉隆处理；b，乙醇处理；c，热水处理；d，空白对照。

Figure 1. Growth of Lilium seedlings after treatments

Note: a: dazomet treatment; b: alcohol treatment; c: hot water treatment; d: control.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同处理对百合真菌群落多样性的影响

Figure 2. Effect of disinfection on fungal community diversity of Lilium rhizosphere soil

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同处理土壤真菌的相对丰度

Figure 3. Relative abundance of fungi genera in soils

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同处理组真菌差异物种相对丰度热图

注：颜色越黄土赭色表明丰度越低；反之，颜色越蓝代表丰度越高。

Figure 4. Heat map of fungi relative abundance in soils

Note: the more loess and ochre the color is, the lower the abundance; conversely, the bluer the color, the higher the abundance.

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图 5 3个不同生长阶段中2种主要病原菌的百分比变化

Figure 5. Changes on proportion of 2 major pathogens at 3 Lilium growth stages

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图 6 不同处理真菌菌群主坐标及NMDS分析

Figure 6. Principal coordinates and NMDS analyses on fungal community under different treatments

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