一株溶磷真菌的鉴定及其促生特性研究

李静; 艾加敏; 余天飞; 边丹; 郑超超; 郭旻皓; 邓振山

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.10.015

一株溶磷真菌的鉴定及其促生特性研究

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.10.015

1.
延安大学生命科学学院，陕西　延安　716000
2.
西北大学生命科学学院，陕西　西安　710069

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（32160003）；陕西省县域重点科技项目（2018XY-14）

详细信息

作者简介:
李静（1997−），女，硕士研究生，主要从事资源与环境微生物方面研究（E-mail：18591698780@163.com）

通讯作者:
邓振山（1969−），男，博士，教授，主要从事微生物资源与利用和环境微生物学研究（E-mail：zhenshandeng214@163.com）

中图分类号: S 182
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-21
- 修回日期: 2021-08-08
- 网络出版日期: 2021-10-23
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-28

Identification and Growth-promoting Effect of a Phosphate-solubilizing Fungus on Wheat Seedlings

1.
College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi　716000, China
2.
College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi　710069, China

摘要

摘要: 目的从小麦田土壤中分离筛选出一株具有溶磷及促生特性的真菌菌株，为微生物肥料的开发与利用提供种质资源。方法本试验利用无机磷培养基从小麦田土壤中筛选得到一株具有较强溶磷能力的真菌菌株R3，通过形态学特征和ITS序列分析，对菌株进行分类学鉴定；采用液体培养测定菌株对Ca₃（PO₄）₂、AlPO₄和FePO₄等3种不同磷源的溶解能力；并通过盆栽试验测定其对小麦的促生效应。结果经鉴定菌株R3归属于产红青霉（Penicillium rubens）。菌株R3在无机磷培养基上的溶磷圈直径D平均值为27.99 mm，菌落直径d平均值为19.26 mm，D/d为1.45。菌株R3对Ca₃（PO₄）₂和AlPO₄的溶解能力在第4 天时最高，分别为328.79 mg·L⁻¹和95.99 mg·L⁻¹；对FePO₄的溶解量在第5 天时达到最高值，为75.39 mg·L⁻¹。菌株R3对不同磷源培养基pH的影响总体呈先下降后平稳的趋势。盆栽试验结果表明，与未接菌的对照组相比，接种R3菌液后小麦在株高、根长、鲜重和叶绿素含量方面分别提高了18.23%～35.65%、27.63%～50.44%、37.99%～50.94%和9.59%～19.57%。结论溶磷真菌R3对小麦生长有显著促进作用，可为进一步构建促生菌菌群提供良好的种质资源。
- 青霉菌 /
- 溶磷能力 /
- 小麦 /
- 促生特性
Abstract: Objective A fungal strain with phosphate-solubilizing and growth promoting properties was isolated from the soil of a Triticum aestivum L. field to investigate its potential as a microbial fertilizer. Methods From the soil at a wheat field, a fungal strain, R3, exhibiting a strong phosphate-solubilizing ability on an inorganic phosphorus medium was isolated. Morphological observation and ITS sequence analysis were performed for taxonomic identification on the isolate. Ability of the isolate in solubilizing Ca₃(PO₄)₂, AlPO₄, and FePO₄ was determined in a liquid culture. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth-promoting effect of the isolate on T. aestivum seedlings. Result R3 was identified as Penicillium rubens. It produced an average diameter of phosphorus dissolving ring (D) of 27.99 mm, a colony diameter (d) of 19.26 mm, and D/d ratio at 1.45 on the inorganic phosphorus medium. The solubilization on Ca₃(PO₄)₂ and AlPO₄ by R3 peaked on the 4^th day of culture at 328.79 mg·L⁻¹ and 95.99 mg·L⁻¹, respectively, while that on FePO₄ maxed on the 5^th day at 75.39 mg·L⁻¹. The pH of phosphorous solubilization medium by R3 decreased initially and then stable. The pot experiment with wheat seedlings showed the incorporation of R3 in the medium increased the height, root length, fresh weight, and chlorophyll content of the seedlings by 18.23%–35.65%, 27.63%–50.44%, 37.99%–50.94%, and 9.59%–19.57%, respectively, over control. Conclusion The phosphorus-solubilizing R3 demonstrated a significant growth promoting effect on the wheat seedlings in a pot experiment. It could be a potential candidate as a microbial agent for farm fertilization.
- Penicillium /
- phosphate-solubilizing ability /
- Triticum aestivum L. /
- growth-promoting property

HTML全文

图 1 真菌菌株R3溶磷圈

注：培养基中Ca₃（PO₄）₂质量浓度为5 g·L⁻¹。

Figure 1. Phosphate dissolving ring on medium by R3

Note: Concentration of Ca₃(PO₄)₂ in medium was 5 g·L⁻¹.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 菌株R3的菌落培养特征（4 d PDA培养结果）

注：A为R3正面菌落形态；B为R3背面菌落形态。

Figure 2. Colony characteristics of cultured R3 on PDA for 4 days

Note: A: front-view of R3 colony; B: back-view of R3 colony on medium.　　　

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图 3 菌株R3的菌落培养特征（8 d PDA培养结果）

注：A为R3正面菌落形态；B为R3背面菌落形态。

Figure 3. Colony characteristics of cultured R3 on PDA for 8 days

Note: A: front-view of R3 colony; B: back-view of R3 colony on medium.　　　

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图 4 菌株R3形态特征（×400）

Figure 4. Morphological characteristics of strain R3(×400)

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图 5 基于ITS序列同源性构建菌株R3的系统发育树

Figure 5. Phylogenetic tree of R3 constructed based on homology of ITS sequence

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图 6 菌株R3的溶磷量及pH变化

注：A为菌株R3在不同磷源条件下的溶磷量；B为菌株R3在不同磷源条件下的pH。

Figure 6. Phosphorous solubilization by R3 with changing medium pH

Note: A: solubilization of R3 on different phosphorus sources; B: pH of R3 medium containing different phosphorus sources.

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表 1 真菌菌株R3菌处理的小麦幼苗的农艺性状

Table 1. Agronomic traits of wheat seedlings in presence of growth-promoting R3

处理 Treatments	株高 Plant height/cm	根长 Root length/cm	鲜重 Plant fresh weight/g	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content/（mg·g⁻¹）
①	27.12±1.40 a	10.23±1.07 a	4.03±0.15 a	36.23±1.82 a
②	23.73±1.66 b	8.13±1.46 bc	3.85±0.44 a	34.27±1.9 ab
③	22.70±1.73 bc	8.50±0.72 b	3.94±0.48 a	34.37±1.56 ab
④	20.03±1.97 cd	6.80±0.53 cd	2.67±0.57 b	30.3±1.47 c
⑤	19.90±2.01 cd	6.37±0.45 d	2.79±0.17 b	31.27±1.92 bc
⑥	19.20±1.21 d	6.40±0.7 d	2.78±0.3 b	30.27±2.94 c
注：表中数值为各处理的平均值±标准差。同列数据后不同字母表示差异显著（P＜0.05）。 Note: The values in the table are the average±standard deviation of each treatment. Date followed different small letters within column indicate significant difference at 0.05 level.

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