Physiological and Biochemical Correlations between Color of Impatiens uliginosa Flower and Nutrient Supply on Copper
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摘要:
目的 探讨滇水金凤花色对重金属铜离子的响应。 方法 以滇水金凤为试验材料，研究其在不同含量Cu2+（0、5、10、15、20 mg·L−1）处理下盛花期花瓣的色度值、细胞液pH值、色素和基础代谢物含量的变化，并分析Cu2+、各生理生化指标与花色之间的关系。 结果 （1）花色苷、总黄酮和可溶性糖含量随Cu2+含量增加而下降，与对照比均达显著差异性（P＜0.05）；（2）随Cu2+含量增加，可溶性蛋白含量不断增加，与对照比均达显著差异性（P＜0.05）；（3）Cu2+含量在0～15 mg·L−1时，类胡萝卜素和脯氨酸含量无明显变化；（4）相关性分析表明，不同含量Cu2+处理下花瓣色度值、花色苷、总黄酮、可溶性糖、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白等几个指标间均存在极显著相关性；（5）运用逐步回归分析发现，色相a*值、b*值主要受花色苷、可溶性糖和脯氨酸等因子影响。 结论 花色苷含量是影响滇水金凤花色变化的直接因素；而Cu2+是通过调控滇水金凤花色苷的生物合成来影响花瓣呈色。 Abstract:Objective Response of Impatiens uliginosa to copper ions on the floral color with respect of the physiological and biochemical properties of the petals was investigated. Method Under treatments of varied Cu2+ concentrations (i.e., 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg·L−1) in culture medium, the chromaticity, pH of cell fluid, pigments, and basal metabolites of flower petals of the I. uliginosa at full blooming stage were determined. The correlations among Cu2+, physiological and biochemical indices, and flower color were analyzed. Result (1) The contents of anthocyanins, flavonoids, and soluble sugars in petals decreased significantly in comparison to control as the Cu2+ concentration increased (P<0.05). (2) Soluble protein increased significantly over control with increasing Cu2+ at P<0.05. (3) In the range of 0-15 mg·L−1, Cu2+ exerted no significant effect in the contents of carotenoids and proline. (4) There were extremely significant correlations among the color values, anthocyanins, flavonoids, soluble sugar, proline, and soluble protein of petals on the plants treated by Cu2+ at different concentrations. (5) The stepwise regression analysis showed that the flower chromaticity a* and b* were mainly affected by anthocyanins, soluble sugar and proline. Conclusion Anthocyanin appeared to directly govern the color of I. uliginosa flowers. Cu2+ seemed to affect the petal color through regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis inI. uliginosa. -
Key words:
- Impatiens uliginosa /
- Cu2+ /
- flower color /
- pigments /
- basal metabolite
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图 1 不同含量Cu2+处理下滇水金凤花瓣颜色变化
注：A、B、C、D、E的Cu2+含量分别为0（CK）、5、10 、15、20 mg·L−1。
Figure 1.
Variation of petal color of I. uliginosa treated with different concentrations of Cu2+ Note: Cu2+ concentrations: A=0 mg·L−1 (CK); B=5 mg·L−1; C=10 mg·L−1; D=15 mg·L−1; E=20 mg·L−1.
图 3 不同含量Cu2+处理下滇水金凤花瓣花色素的变化
Figure 3. Anthocyanidins in petals of I. uliginosa treated with different concentrations of Cu2+
图 4 不同含量Cu2+处理下滇水金凤花瓣基础代谢物含量的变化
Figure 4. Basal metabolites in petals of I. uliginosa treated with different concentrations of Cu2+
表 1 不同含量Cu2+处理下滇水金凤花瓣色度值变化
Table 1. Flower petal chromaticity of I. uliginosa treated with different concentration of Cu2+
Cu2+含量
Cu2+ concentration/（mg·L−1）L* a* b* C* h（°） 0（CK） 56.61±0.94 a 29.27±1.25 a −13.75±1.08 c 32.34±1.55 a −25.16±1.02 a 5 56.86±1.28 a 24.26±0.15 c −11.66±0.65 b 26.93±0.26 c −25.68±1.30 a 10 55.20±1.12 a 25.76±0.70 b −14.73±1.68 c 29.69±1.42 b −29.70±2.23 b 15 56.63±2.04 a 22.46±0.25 d −11.03±0.77 b 25.03±0.12 d −26.16±1.84 a 20 51.60±0.26 b 17.60±0.43 e −8.06±0.15 a 19.36±0.45 e −24.63±0.24 a 注：同列数据后不同小写字母表示差异显著（P＜0.05）。
Note: Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant difference at P＜0.05.
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表 2 Cu2+、各生理生化指标与花色之间的相关关系
Table 2. Correlation between Cu2+, physiological and biochemical indices, and flower color
指标
IndexCu2+ L* a* b* pH AC CC FC SS SP Pro Cu2+ 1 L* −0.535* 1 a* −0.884** 0.364 1 b* 0.709** −0.475 −0.886** 1 pH 0.033 0.124 −0.09 −0.065 1 AC −0.927** 0.479 0.939** −0.821** −0.099 1 CC 0.196 −0.439 −0.243 0.475 −0.353 −0.296 1 FC −0.775** 0.514* 0.646** −0.418 −0.243 0.679** −0.264 1 SS −0.971** 0.625* 0.854** −0.725** −0.022 0.921** −0.211 0.732** 1 SP 0.884** −0.632* −0.675** 0.589* −0.301 −0.779** 0.246 −0.604* −0.918** 1 Pro −0.499 0.336 0.729** −0.715** 0.004 0.567* −0.366 0.46 0.449 −0.248 1 注：*和**分别表示在0.05和0.01水平上相关性显著。
Note:* and ** indicate significant correlations at P＜0.05 and P＜0.01, respectively.
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表 3 Cu2+、各生理生化指标与花色之间的逐步回归分析
Table 3. Stepwise regression on Cu2+, physiological and biochemical indices, and flower color
指标
Index逐步回归方程
Stepwise regression equationF值
F value复相关系数
Multiple correlation coefficientCu2+ Cu2+=23.313-0.997a*+2.007A 188.228 0.969 a* a*=2.807+10.054B+0.086C 89.103 0.937 b* b*=3.071-0.856a*+0.476D 33.387 0.848 注：A为可溶性蛋白含量；B为花色苷含量；C为脯氨酸含量；D为可溶性糖含量。
Note: A: soluble protein content; B: anthocyanin content; C: proline content; D: soluble sugar content.
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