基于EST-SNP的福建云霄茶树种质资源遗传多样性分析

王泽涵; 于文涛; 方德音; 蔡捷英; 王金焕; 樊晓静; 刘财国; 徐飙; 叶乃兴

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.12.006

基于EST-SNP的福建云霄茶树种质资源遗传多样性分析

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.12.006

1.
福建农林大学园艺学院，福建　福州　350002
2.
福州海关技术中心，福建　福州　350001
3.
云霄县茶叶科学研究所，福建　云霄　363300
4.
福建省亚热带作物学会，福建　福州　350003

基金项目: 福建省科技计划农业科技引导性项目（2021N0024）；福建农林大学横向课题（FW2019051）；海关总署科研项目（2020HK187）；福建张天福茶叶发展基金会科技创新基金（FJZTF01）

详细信息

作者简介:
王泽涵（1998−），女，硕士生，研究方向：茶树栽培育种（E-mail: 854514583@qq.com）

通讯作者:
于文涛（1984−），男，博士，高级农艺师，研究方向：植物种质资源（E-mail: wtyu@foxmail.com）

叶乃兴（1963−），男，硕士，教授，研究方向：茶树栽培育种与茶叶品质化学（E-mail: ynxtea@126.com）

中图分类号: S 571.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-14
- 修回日期: 2021-10-24
- 刊出日期: 2021-12-28

EST-SNP Marker-based Genetic Analysis on Tea Germplasms of Yunxiao in Fujian

1.
College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
2.
Technology Centre of Fuzhou Customs District P.R. China, Fuzhou, Fujian　350001, China
3.
Yunxiao Institute of Tea Science, Yunxiao, Fujian　363300, China
4.
Society of Subtropical Crops in Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian　350001, China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析云霄县茶树种质资源的遗传多样性及群体结构，为云霄茶树种质资源收集和提高优异种质利用率提供依据。方法利用SNP分子标记技术对云霄县61份茶树种质资源进行亲缘关系和遗传多样性的分析。结果云霄茶树种质资源SNP位点多态性信息指数为0.415，观测杂合度平均值为0.309，期望杂合度平均值为0.260，固定指数平均值为−0.072，次等位基因频率平均值为0.197，筛选出66个可以有效准确地鉴别云霄茶树种质遗传关系的高质量SNP位点。云霄县6个茶树群体的遗传距离为0.150~0.926。构建了61份茶树种质的DNA指纹图谱。通过主坐标分析和聚类分析，发现存在组群内分布相对集中，组群间又相互交流的现象，且小帽山群体的茶树种质资源最为丰富。结论云霄县茶树种质资源遗传多样性丰富；云霄6个组群的茶树种质资源各自相对独立，同时种群间存在基因交流现象。利用SNP分子标记技术可以有效地区分鉴定云霄茶树种质资源，为云霄地方茶树种质资源的创新利用奠定基础。
- 云霄 /
- 茶树 /
- 种质资源 /
- 遗传多样性 /
- SNP
Abstract: Objective Genetic diversity and structure of the tea germplasms in Yunxiao were studied to facilitate the collection and utilization of the natural resource. Method SNP molecular marker was used to analyze the genetic relationship and diversity of 61 varieties of Camellia sinensis in Yunxiao, Fujian. Result The mean polymorphism information index, observed and expected heterozygosity, fixed index, and minor allele frequency of the SNP marker were determined to be 0.415, 0.309, 0.260, −0.072, and 0.197, respectively. Sixty-six high quality loci that could effectively and accurately identify the genetic relationship of tea plants were obtained. The genetic distance of 6 populations ranged from 0.150 to 0.926. The DNA fingerprints of the germplasms were constructed. The principal coordinates analyses and cluster analyses showed the component distribution to be relatively close within a population and the exchanges among the groups evident. Of the varieties, Xiaomaoshan was the richest in genetic diversity. Conclusion The genetic diversity of tea germplasms in Yunxiao was vast with populations of high geographic differentiation and in-between group exchanges. The SNP molecular marker-based technology was proven applicable for identifying the germplasms benefitting the utilization of local tea resource for selection and breeding.
- Yunxiao /
- tea plant /
- germplasm resources /
- genetic diversity /
- SNP

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图 1 云霄茶树资源66个SNP位点的次等位基因频率

Figure 1. Minor allelic frequencies of 66 SNP loci in Yunxiao tea germplasms

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图 2 云霄茶树资源部分引物的分簇效果

Figure 2. Clustering of primers in Yunxiao tea germplasms

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图 3 云霄茶树种质资源的EST-SNP指纹图谱

Figure 3. EST-SNP fingerprints of Yunxiao tea germplasms

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图 4 62份茶树种质资源的主坐标分析

Figure 4. Principal coordinates analysis of 62 tea germplasms

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图 5 云霄茶树种质资源的聚类分析

Figure 5. Clustering of Yunxiao tea germplasms

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表 1 供试云霄茶树种质资源基本信息

Table 1. Basic information on tea germplasms in Yunxiao

组别 Group	来源 Source	资源名称 Resource name	份数 Number of copies
I	南乌山Nanwushan	南乌山1号（NWS1）~南乌山9号（NWS9）	9
II	乌山Wushan	乌山1号（WS1）~乌山6号（WS6）	6
III	小帽山Xiaomaoshan	小帽山1号（XMS1）~小帽山15号（XMS15）、云香茶（YXC）	16
IV	大帽山Damaoshan	大帽山1号（DMS1）~大帽山20号（DMS20）	20
Ⅴ	鸡笼山Jilongshn	鸡笼山大茶树（JLSDCS）	1
Ⅵ	梁山Liangshan	梁山1号（LS1）~梁山7号（LS7）、梁山大茶树1号（LSDCS1）、梁山大茶树2号（LSDCS2）	9
	云南勐海Yunnanmenghai	南糯山大茶树（NNSDCS）	1

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表 2 云霄茶树资源的66个茶树SNP位点多态信息

Table 2. Allele information of 66 polymorphic SNP markers in Yunxiao tea germplasms

位点 Locus	信息指数 I	观测杂合度 Ho	期望杂合度 He	固定指数 F	次等位基因频率 MAF
cs1	0.414	0.226	0.248	0.090	0.145
cs115	0.685	0.548	0.492	−0.115	0.435
cs15	0.467	0.226	0.292	0.226	0.177
cs201	0.143	0.065	0.062	−0.033	0.052
cs217	0.114	0.048	0.047	−0.025	0.054
cs3	0.428	0.242	0.259	0.068	0.153
cs40	0.524	0.435	0.341	−0.278	0.218
cs5	0.674	0.226	0.481	0.531	0.403
cs68	0.280	0.161	0.148	−0.088	0.081
cs84	0.318	0.065	0.175	0.631	0.097
cs10	0.685	0.871	0.492	−0.771	0.435
cs202	0.659	0.452	0.467	0.032	0.371
cs218	0.239	0.129	0.121	−0.069	0.065
cs30	0.260	0.113	0.135	0.161	0.073
cs51	0.385	0.161	0.225	0.282	0.129
cs7	0.143	0.065	0.062	−0.033	0.052
cs104	0.318	0.161	0.175	0.077	0.097
cs117	0.300	0.177	0.162	−0.097	0.089
cs131	0.579	0.306	0.391	0.215	0.266
cs207	0.083	0.032	0.032	−0.016	0.056
cs219	0.428	0.177	0.259	0.316	0.153
cs31	0.280	0.161	0.148	−0.088	0.081
cs44	0.688	0.903	0.495	−0.824	0.452
cs52	0.635	0.435	0.443	0.016	0.331
cs88	0.664	0.597	0.471	−0.268	0.379
cs105	0.693	0.984	0.500	−0.968	0.492
cs118	0.083	0.032	0.032	−0.016	0.056
cs132	0.300	0.177	0.162	−0.097	0.089
cs157	0.693	1.000	0.500	−1.000	0.500
cs208	0.217	0.113	0.107	−0.060	0.056
cs32	0.414	0.194	0.248	0.220	0.145
cs45	0.428	0.274	0.259	−0.057	0.153
cs54	0.524	0.339	0.341	0.006	0.218
cs9	0.400	0.210	0.237	0.114	0.137
cs119	0.693	0.984	0.500	−0.968	0.492
cs134	0.691	0.839	0.498	−0.684	0.468
cs16	0.442	0.194	0.271	0.285	0.161
cs190	0.047	0.016	0.016	−0.008	0.050
cs23	0.300	0.145	0.162	0.102	0.089
cs33	0.300	0.177	0.162	−0.097	0.089
cs46	0.217	0.113	0.107	−0.060	0.056
cs55	0.414	0.226	0.248	0.090	0.145
cs76	0.514	0.355	0.331	−0.071	0.210
cs91	0.169	0.081	0.077	−0.042	0.051
cs112	0.260	0.113	0.135	0.161	0.073
cs12	0.503	0.306	0.322	0.048	0.202
cs163	0.693	0.435	0.500	0.129	0.492
cs212	0.414	0.129	0.248	0.480	0.145
cs25	0.239	0.129	0.121	−0.069	0.065
cs36	0.691	0.484	0.498	0.028	0.468
cs47	0.692	0.952	0.499	−0.908	0.476
cs113	0.534	0.387	0.350	−0.107	0.226
cs122	0.455	0.339	0.281	−0.204	0.169
cs141	0.194	0.097	0.092	−0.051	0.058
cs198	0.114	0.016	0.047	0.658	0.054
cs213	0.595	0.435	0.405	−0.075	0.282
cs26	0.143	0.065	0.062	−0.033	0.052
cs66	0.194	0.097	0.092	−0.051	0.058
cs8	0.336	0.177	0.188	0.055	0.105
cs94	0.400	0.210	0.237	0.114	0.137
cs124	0.194	0.097	0.092	−0.051	0.058
cs146	0.353	0.226	0.200	−0.127	0.113
cs166	0.280	0.097	0.148	0.347	0.081
cs215	0.442	0.194	0.271	0.285	0.161
cs4	0.693	1.000	0.500	−1.000	0.500
cs95	0.693	1.000	0.500	−1.000	0.500

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表 3 云霄茶树种质资源群体间遗传距离

Table 3. Genetic distance between populations of Yunxiao tea germplasms

项目 Item	南乌山 Nanwushan	乌山 Wushan	小帽山 Xiaomaoshan	大帽山 Damaoshan	鸡笼山 Jilongshan
乌山 Wushan	0.611
小帽山 Xiaomaoshan	0.681	0.417
大帽山 Damaoshan	0.606	0.267	0.413
鸡笼山 Jilongshan	0.556	0.167	0.375	0.150
梁山 Liangshan	0.926	0.685	0.708	0.683	0.667

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