不同干燥方式对细菌纤维素复水性能的影响

郑梅霞; 肖荣凤; 陈梅春; 陈燕萍; 朱育菁

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.12.015

不同干燥方式对细菌纤维素复水性能的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.12.015

福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所，福建　福州　350003

基金项目: 福建省科技计划公益类专项（2019R1034-7）

详细信息

作者简介:
郑梅霞（1986−），女，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向：农业生物资源保护与利用（E-mail：zhengmeixia2005@163.com）

通讯作者:
朱育菁（1972−），女，博士，研究员，研究方向：农业生物资源保护与利用（E-mail：zyjingfz@163.com）

中图分类号: TS 201.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-21
- 修回日期: 2021-08-09
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-30
- 刊出日期: 2021-12-28

Effect of Drying Methods on Rehydration of Bacterial Cellulose

Institute of Agricultural Bio-resources Research, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350003, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究干燥方式对细菌纤维素（Bacterial cellulose，BC）复水性能的影响。方法采用热风干燥、微波真空干燥和真空冷冻干燥3种干燥方式干燥BC，比较不同干燥方式对BC的溶胀率和复水量的影响，并对BC微观结构进行表征。结果不同干燥方式会影响BC结构，引起复水性能变化。与未干燥的BC相比，冷冻干燥的BC复水率达44.79%，复水性能较其他干燥方式好；热风干燥的BC的复水性能次之；微波真空干燥的BC的复水性能最差。电子扫描电镜结果分析表明，冷冻干燥的BC纤维丝排列疏松，较好地保持了BC的表面结构，热风干燥和微波真空干燥的BC纤维排列致密。从复水性能来看，冷冻干燥方法优于2种干燥方法，且在−80 ℃冷冻后进行冷冻干燥的细菌纤维素的复水性能最好。动力学分析表明，细菌纤维素复水过程遵循Fickian扩散定律，BC的网络结构保持的越完整，材料的扩散系数越高，对应的复水性能也越好。结论冷冻干燥的复水性能最好。
- 细菌纤维素 /
- 热风干燥 /
- 微波真空干燥 /
- 真空冷冻干燥 /
- 复水
Abstract: Objective Effects of drying methods on rehydration property of bacterial cellulose (BC) were investigated. Method BC samples dried by means of hot air, microwave under vacuum, and freeze-drying were compared on the swelling and reconstitution rates upon rehydration. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe and characterize the BC microstructure. Result The varied dehydration processes affected the microstructure and rehydration of the dried BC. Among the untreated control and treated samples, the freeze-dried BC displayed the highest rehydration rate of 44.79%. It was followed by the hot air and the microwave-vacuum dried specimens. The SEM images showed the freeze-drying rendered BC with a loose but well-defined fibrous network, while the other two methods produced a tight structure with clusters. Insofar as hygroscopic property is concerned, freeze-drying BC at −80 ℃ was superior to all other methods. The dynamics of the water adsorption and swelling of BC followed the Fickian diffusion law. A better maintained 3D structure would have greater diffusion coefficient, and therefore, more efficient water absorption for the dried BC when water was added. Conclusion The freeze-dried BC could be rehydrated most desirably among all tested samples. The processing technology was recommended for the dehydration.
- Bacterial cellulose /
- hot air drying /
- microwave-vacuum drying /
- freeze drying /
- rehydration

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图 1 不同烘干方式烘干后的细菌纤维素的外观形态

注：a：70 ℃热风干燥；b：50 ℃热风干燥；c：微波真空干燥；d：−20 ℃预冷真空冷冻干燥；e：−80 ℃预冷真空冷冻干燥。图2同。

Figure 1. Appearances of dried BC samples

Note: a: BC-DD70: BC dehydrated by 70 ℃ hot air drying; b: BC-DD50: BC dehydrated by 50 ℃ hot air drying; c: BC-MVD: BC dehydrated by microwave-vacuum drying; d: BC-FD20: BC dehydrated by −20 ℃ freeze-drying; e: BC-FD80: BC dehydrated by −80 ℃ freeze-drying. The same as Fig.2.

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图 2 扫描电子显微镜下的细菌纤维素

Figure 2. SEM micrographs of dried BC samples by various dehydration methods

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图 3 细菌纤维素的溶胀率

Figure 3. Swelling rate of dried BC samples

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图 4 细菌纤维素吸水后表观效果

注：a：70 ℃热风干燥；b：50 ℃热风干燥；c：微波真空干燥；d：−20 ℃预冷真空冷冻干燥；e：−80 ℃预冷真空冷冻干燥；f：未干燥（对照）。

Figure 4. Morphology of rehydrated BC samples

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图 5 拟合的斜率

Figure 5. Water absorption rate after fitting

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表 1 不同干燥方法的细菌纤维素的吸水性能

Table 1. Water absorption of dried BC samples

样品 Samples	每克干细菌纤维素的复水量 Rehydration mass of per gram of dry bacterial cellulose/g	溶胀率 Swelling ratio/%
对照 Contrast	75.11±0.11 a	7411.54±11.00 a
70 ℃热风干燥 BC-DD70	18.12±0.18 e	1711.93±18.07 e
50 ℃热风干燥 BC-DD50	33.74±0.24 d	3274.10±24.10 d
微波真空干燥 BC-MVD	8.05±0.15 f	704.49±15.23 f
−20 ℃预冷真空冷冻干燥 BC-FD20	42.63±0.13 c	4162.74±12.74 c
−80 ℃预冷真空冷冻干燥 BC-FD80	43.79±0.19 b	4279.34±19.34 b
注：表中同列数据后不同小写字母表示差异达显著水平（P<0.05）。Note: The same column of date in the table followed by lowercase letters are significantly different (P<0.05).

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表 2 不同干燥方式细菌纤维素的吸水溶胀过程的溶胀特征指数

Table 2. Rehydration indices of BC samples dried by different methods

不同干燥方式 Different drying species	70 ℃ 热风干燥 BC-DD70	50 ℃ 热风干燥 BC-DD50	微波真空干燥 BC-MVD	−20 ℃ 预冷真空冷冻干燥 BC-FD20	−80 ℃ 预冷真空冷冻干燥 BC-FD80
溶胀特征指数 n	0.4400	0.4942	0.3173	0.3610	0.1245

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表 3 不同干燥方式细菌纤维素的吸水溶胀过程的扩散系数

Table 3. Diffusion coefficients of dried BC samples upon rehydration

不同干燥方式 Different drying species	70 ℃ 热风干燥 BC-DD70	50 ℃ 热风干燥 BC-DD50	微波真空干燥 BC-MVD	−20 ℃ 预冷真空冷冻干燥 BC-FD20	−80 ℃ 预冷真空冷冻干燥 BC-FD80
扩散系数 D（m^2.h⁻¹）	0.0512	0.2977	0.0013	1.5490	0.5749

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