Bacterial Community Structure and Diversity in Rhizosphere Soils in Healthy and Black Shank-infected Tobacco Fields
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摘要:
目的 探究健康与感染黑胫病烟株根际土壤的细菌群落结构差异，为该病害的早期预防或生态调控提供科学依据。 方法 利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术分析健康烟株与感染黑胫病烟株根际土壤细菌群落结构差异。 结果 健康和患病烟株根际土壤样品中细菌OTU数分别为4 763个和4 653个。感染黑胫病烟株根际土壤OTU总数较健康烟株菌根际土壤减少2.31%，特有OTU数减少3%。与健康烟株根际土样相比感染黑胫病烟株根际土壤细菌群落多样性水平明显下降。患病烟株根际土壤的Shannon、ACE和Chao1指数分别较健康植株降低了3.05%、21.29%、15.23%。同时，感染黑胫病烟株与健康烟株根际土壤细菌菌群落的优势物种显著不同，感染黑胫病烟株根际土壤中拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）和粘球菌门（Myxococcota）相对丰度减少59.13%、20.38%；厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、Methylomirabilota相对丰度分别增加了34.17%、117.19%。属水平上，在健康烟株根际土壤样本中为优势菌属的类诺卡氏菌属（Nocardioides, 4.99%）在感染黑胫病烟株土壤样本中未检测到。 结论 烟草植株根际土壤中细菌群落结构改变及物种多样性降低是烟草黑胫病发生的重要特征。 Abstract:Objective Bacterial community structure and diversity in the rhizosphere soils of healthy and black shank-infected tobacco fields were compared for early disease prevention and ecological regulation of the agriculture. Method Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was performed on the soil samples to determine the bacterial community composition in the rhizosphere soil. Result There were 4 763 bacterial OTUs in the rhizosphere soil at the lot of healthy tobacco plants and 4 653 in that of the diseased plants. The reductions on total number of OTUs was 2.31% and 3% on the unique OTUs as affected by the infecting disease on the plants. The microbial diversity was significantly reduced, as the Shannon, ACE, and Chao1 indices declined by 3.05%, 21.29%, and 15.23%, respectively. The dominant species in them were significantly different as well, with the relative abundance of Bacteroidota and Myxococcotain decreased by 59.13% and 20.38%, respectively, while those of Firmicutes and Methylomirabilota increased by 34.17% and 117.19%, respectively. At genus level, Nocardioides predominantly presented in the rhizosphere soil of healthy tobacco plants at 4.99%, but not detected at the lot infected by black shank. Conclusion The bacterial community structure was significantly altered and species diversity significantly decreased in the rhizosphere soil as the tobacco plants were infected with the black shank disease. -
图 5 属水平上细菌群落分布热图
Figure 5. Heat map of bacterial community distribution at genus level
表 1 健康与感染黑胫病烟株根际土壤微细菌多样性指数
Table 1. Microbial diversity indices of rhizosphere soils at tobacco lots infected with black shank disease
处理
Treatment丰富度指数
Richness index多样性指数
Diversity index覆盖率
Coverage/%ACE Chao1 Shannon Simpson HJTY 3741.63 3792.47 6.36 0.0048 97.14 ZCTY 4753.59 4473.79 6.56 0.0044 96.53 
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