氮肥对棉花产量和氮素吸收量影响的Meta分析

周燕; 孙洋洋; 胡志伟; 迟春明

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.003.006

氮肥对棉花产量和氮素吸收量影响的Meta分析

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.003.006

塔里木大学农学院/塔里木大学南疆绿洲农业资源与环境研究中心，新疆　阿拉尔　843300

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目 (2016YFC0501400)

详细信息

作者简介:
周燕（1997−），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：土壤肥力综合调控与管理（E-mail：925365144@qq.com）

通讯作者:
迟春明(1978−)，男，博士，教授，研究方向：土壤肥力综合调控与管理（E-mail：chichunming@126.com）

中图分类号: S 562
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-29
- 修回日期: 2022-01-12
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-21
- 刊出日期: 2022-03-31

Meta Analysis on Effects of N-fertilization on Yield and N-uptake of Cotton Plants

College of Agriculture, Tarim University/Research Center of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Southern Xinjiang Oasis, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang　843300, China

摘要

摘要: 目的定量评价棉花产量和氮素吸收量对施氮的响应及其影响因素，为科学施用氮肥提供参考。方法采用Meta分析的方法，对2002–2019年符合研究要求的43篇文献数据按照种植时段、种植区域、土壤类型、种植密度、施氮量、土壤有机质含量、土壤全氮含量、土壤碱解氮含量、土壤速效磷含量、土壤速效钾含量等进行分组，以不施氮肥为对照，探讨施氮对棉花产量和氮素吸收量影响的综合效应。结果在2008–2013年棉花产量增量幅度（36%）与氮素吸收量提升幅度（51%）均显著高于2002–2007年（20%、34%）和2014–2019年（28%、33%）。施氮量为300–450 kg·hm⁻²时棉花产量和氮素吸收量（38%、58%）显著高于施氮量>450 kg·hm⁻²（30%、54%）和施氮量<300 kg·hm⁻²（27%、31%）。西北区施氮肥对棉花产量提高幅度最高（45%），但氮素吸收量提高幅度最低（35%）；华中区对棉花产量提高幅度最低（25%），但氮素吸收量提高幅度最高（65%）；华东区居中（33%、38%）。棉花产量和氮素吸收量在种植密度＜5 万株·hm⁻²（40%、62%）时显著高于5万～10万株·hm⁻²（33%、35%）和＞10万株·hm⁻²（18%、37%）。随着种植密度的增加，棉花产量和氮素吸收量有下降趋势。黏土施用氮肥后棉花产量和氮素吸收量提高幅度（40%、56%）显著高于砂壤土（25%、28%）和壤土（36%、39%）。在土壤有机质＞15 g·kg⁻¹、土壤碱解氮含量50～100 g·kg⁻¹、土壤速效磷含量15～30 mg·kg⁻¹、土壤速效钾含量＞300 mg·kg⁻¹情况下，施氮较不施氮棉花产量提高幅度较高。在土壤有机质10～15 g·kg⁻¹、土壤全氮含量＞1.6 g·kg⁻¹、土壤碱解氮含量＞100 g·kg⁻¹、土壤速效磷含量15～30 mg·kg⁻¹、土壤速效钾含量＜200 mg·kg⁻¹情况下，施氮较不施氮棉花氮素吸收量幅度较高。结论施入300～450 kg·hm⁻²氮肥是提高和维持棉花高产的重要措施。
- 施氮 /
- 棉花 /
- 产量 /
- 氮素吸收量 /
- Meta分析
Abstract: Objective Yield and N-uptake of cotton plants in response to N applications and factors affecting the reaction were quantitatively analyzed with documented database. Method Meta analysis was conducted on 43 relevant articles published from 2002 to 2019 to compare the effects of the planting time, area, and N fertilization as well as the soil type, density, organic matters, total N, alkali-hydrolysable N, available phosphorus, and available potassium on the yield and N-uptake of cotton plants with those without any N application. Result The increase of 36% on yield and 51% on N-uptake of the cotton plants in 2008–2013 were significantly higher than 20% and 34%, respectively, in 2002–2007 or 28% and 33%, respectively, in 2014–2019. Increased N application promoted both yield and N-uptake of cotton plants more from the first data collection period to the second period than from the second to the last 5 years. Cotton yield and N-uptake were significantly higher with N application 300–450 kg·hm⁻²(38%, 58%) than N application more than 450 kg·hm⁻²(30%, 54%) or less than 300 kg·hm⁻² (27%, 31%). There were regional variations on the effects as well. For instance, in northwest China, the fertilization resulted in the greatest increase on yield at 45% but the least on N-uptake at 35%, whereas the least on yield at 25% and the greatest on N-uptake at 65% in central China and the medium on yield at 33% and N-uptake at 38% in eastern China were observed. Increases on planting density tended to reduce the cotton yield and N-uptake. Soil type also affected the yield and N uptake as they increased significantly more in clay soil (40% and 56%, respectively) than in sandy loam (25% and 28%, respectively) and loam (36% and 39%, respectively). Grown on soil containing organic matters more than 15 g·kg⁻¹, alkali-hydrolyzable N in the range of 50–100 g·kg⁻¹, available phosphorus between 15–30 mg·kg⁻¹, and available potassium greater than 300 mg·kg⁻¹, the cotton yield was higher than without N application. And the soil containing organic matters in the range of 10–15 g·kg⁻¹, total N more than 1.6 g·kg⁻¹, alkali-hydrolyzable N higher than 100 g·kg⁻¹, available phosphorus between 15–30 mg·kg⁻¹, and available potassium less than 200 mg·kg⁻¹ produced higher cotton N-uptake than without N fertilization. Conclusion Application of 300-450 kg·hm⁻² of N fertilizer on the filed appeared to be critical for high cotton yield.
- N application /
- cotton /
- yield /
- N-uptake /
- meta-analysis

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图 1 施用氮肥对棉花产量和氮素吸收量的响应比（RR₊₊）

注：红色实线为整体效应值；红色虚线为0。

Figure 1. Response ratio (RR++) of N-fertilization to yield and N-uptake of cotton plants

Note：The solid red line shows the overall response ratio; the red dotted line is 0.

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图 2 不同种植时段、种植地区施氮对棉花产量和氮素吸收量的效应值

Figure 2. Effects of N-fertilization on yield and N-uptake of cotton in different periods and regions of data collection

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图 3 不同土壤类型、种植密度施氮对棉花产量和氮素吸收量的效应值

Figure 3. Effects of N-fertilization on yield and N-uptake of cotton planted on different soil types and varied planting densities

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图 4 不同施氮量、土壤有机质含量施氮对棉花产量和氮素吸收量的效应值

Figure 4. Effects of N-fertilization rate and soil organic matters on cotton yield and N-uptake

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图 5 不同土壤碱解氮含量、土壤全氮含量施氮对棉花产量和氮素吸收量的效应值

Figure 5. Effects of N-fertilization on yield and N-uptake of cotton planted on soil with different contents of alkali hydrolyzable and total N

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图 6 不同土壤速效磷含量、土壤速效钾含量施氮对棉花产量和氮素吸收量的效应值

Figure 6. Effects of N-fertilization on yield and N uptake of cotton planted on soil with different contents of available phosphorus and potassium

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 施氮影响棉花产量和氮素吸收量的Meta分析

Table 1. Meta analysis on effects of N-fertilization on yield and N-uptake of cotton plants

项目 Item	样本量 Sample size	显著性检验 Significance test	95%置信区间下限 Bottom of 95% confidence interval	95%置信区间上限 Top of 95% confidence interval	失安全系数 Fail-safe number	5n+10
产量 Yield	184	＜0.01	0.2930	0.3514	196793	930
氮素吸收量 N uptake	103	＜0.01	0.3880	0.4778	121726	525

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 产量主要影响因素的Meta回归分析

Table 2. Meta regression analysis on main factors affecting cotton yield

产量影响因素 Factors affecting yield	自由度 df	异质性统计量 Qm	显著性检验 P_QM
种植时段 Planting time	2	13.7413	＜0.01
种植区域 Planting region	2	26.1813	＜0.01
土壤类型 Soil type	2	21.3611	＜0.01
种植密度 Planting density	2	35.0722	＜0.01
施氮量 N application	2	11.8923	＜0.01
有机质含量 SOM content	2	2.8682	0.2383
全氮含量 Total N content	2	0.0427	0.9789
碱解氮含量 Available N content	2	0.7656	0.6819
速效磷含量 Available P content	2	8.8255	0.0121
速效钾含量 Available K content	2	60.2263	＜0.01

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 氮素吸收量主要影响因素的Meta回归分析

Table 3. Meta regression analysis on main factors affecting N-uptake of cotton plantse

氮素吸收量影响因素 Factors affecting N uptake	自由度 df	异质性统计量 Qm	显著性检验 P_QM
种植时段 Planting time	2	17.5224	＜0.01
种植区域 Planting region	2	48.5255	＜0.01
土壤类型 Soil type	2	13.0509	＜0.01
种植密度 Planting density	2	36.2180	＜0.01
施氮量 N application	2	33.7026	＜0.01
有机质含量 SOM content	2	11.3464	＜0.01
全氮含量Total N content	2	7.9870	0.0184
碱解氮含量 Available N content	2	10.1454	＜0.01
速效磷含量 Available P content	2	9.9292	＜0.01
速效钾含量 Available K content	2	10.4530	＜0.01

下载: 导出CSV

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