高表没食子儿茶素-3-O-(3-O-甲基）没食子酸酯茶树种质资源的筛选与评价

陈潇敏; 金珊; 吴文晞; 邵淑贤; 王淑燕; 王鹏杰; 赵峰; 叶乃兴

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.004.007

高表没食子儿茶素-3-O-(3-O-甲基）没食子酸酯茶树种质资源的筛选与评价

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.004.007

陈潇敏^1,,
金珊¹,
吴文晞²,
邵淑贤¹,
王淑燕¹,
王鹏杰¹,
赵峰^3, ,,
叶乃兴^1, ,

1.
福建农林大学园艺学院/茶学福建省高校重点实验室，福建福州　350002
2.
福建恒正检测技术有限公司，福建福州　350100
3.
福建中医药大学药学院，福建福州　350122

基金项目: 安溪县农业农村局重大科技创新专项（AX2021001）；福建中医药大学引进人才科研启动项目(2801/701190097)；福建农林大学优秀硕士学位论文资助基金（1122YS01003）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈潇敏（1996−），女，硕士研究生，主要从事茶树栽培育种与品质化学研究（Email：1936869612@qq.com）

通讯作者:
赵峰（1983−），男，硕士生导师，副教授，主要从事茶叶品质化学研究（E-mail：zhaofeng0591@fjtcm.edu.cn）

叶乃兴（1963−），男，硕士生导师，教授，主要从事茶树栽培育种与茶叶品质化学研究（E-mail：ynxtea@126.com）

中图分类号: S 571.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-26
- 修回日期: 2022-03-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-04-28

Screening and Evaluation of Tea Germplasms Containing High-EGCG3″Me

1.
College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Key Laboratory of Tea Science in Universities of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
2.
Hengzheng Testing Technology Company, Fuzhou, Fujian　350100, China
3.
School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian　350122, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探明福建野生茶树种质资源儿茶素组分特征，为福建野生茶树种质资源的开发利用和茶树特异品种筛选提供科学依据。方法以43份福建野生茶树种质资源和8个栽培品种为供试材料，采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）测定其儿茶素组分含量，并进行描述统计分析、正交偏最小二乘判别分析、聚类热图分析及特异性种质资源筛选。结果 43份福建野生茶树种质资源均检测出表没食子儿茶素-3-O-(3-O-甲基）没食子酸酯（EGCG3"Me），其中以云霄6号（YX06）含量最高，为33.65 mg·g⁻¹。43份福建野生茶树种质资源的特征物质为表没食子儿茶素-3-O-(3-O-甲基）没食子酸酯（EGCG3"Me）及表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG），且二者含量极显著高于8个栽培品种。聚类分析表明12份野生茶树种质资源与8个栽培品种聚为一类，其中以诏安和蕉城地区居多，其表儿茶素（EC）、表没食子儿茶素（EGC）和儿茶素（C）含量较高；其余31份野生茶树种质资源聚为一类，其表没食子儿茶素-3-O-(3-O-甲基）没食子酸酯（EGCG3"Me）、表儿茶素没食子酸酯（ECG）和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）含量较高。筛选获得高EGCG3"Me茶树资源（＞20 mg·g⁻¹）8份，高EGCG茶树资源（＞150 mg·g⁻¹）9份和高儿茶素茶树资源（＞200 mg·g⁻¹）18份。结论对福建野生茶树种质儿茶素组分进行测定及系统分析，发现其富含EGCG3"Me，并筛选出大量特异种质。
- 茶树 /
- 种质资源 /
- 儿茶素 /
- 表没食子儿茶素-3-O-(3-O-甲基)没食子酸酯
Abstract: Objective Catechin composition of tea germplasms in the wild in Fujian was analyzed to aid organizing and utilizing the natural resources containing the highly desirable functional ingredients in tea. Methods Forty-three wild tea germplasms in Fujian and 8 common cultivars were collected for chemical analysis by HPLC. Descriptive statistical, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant, and cluster heat map analyses were conducted for evaluating and screening the candidates. Results EGCG3″Me was detected in all 43 specimens with the highest content of 33.65 mg·g⁻¹ found in YX06. Aside from EGCG3″Me, EGCG was also characteristically in significantly greater quantities in the wild tea germplasms than the 8 cultivated varieties. The cluster analysis grouped 12 wild germplasms, mostly from Zhao'an and Jiaocheng areas, along with the 8 cultivated varieties that had high contents of EC, EGC, and catechin (C). The remaining 31 wild tea germplasms were clustered into a group that had high contents of EGCG3″Me, ECG, and EGCG. Of all the 43 wild tea germplasms, 8 had high EGCG3″Me content (i.e., greater than 20mg·g⁻¹), 9 high EGCG (i.e., greater than 150 mg·g⁻¹), and 18 high C (i.e., greater than 200 mg·g⁻¹). Conclusion The tea germplasms collected in the wild in the province were rich in EGCG3″Me, which could be specific cultivars for target breeding of tea.
- Camellia sinensis /
- wild germplasms /
- catechin /
- EGCG3″Me

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图 1 标准品及参试样品的色谱

注：（1）A：质量浓度为400 μg·mL混合标准工作液；B.：大田4号（DT04）；C：云霄6号（YX06）；D：漳平1号（ZP01）（2）峰号和组分依次对应为：1. GC，2. EGC，3. C，4. EGCG，5. EC，6. GCG，7. EGCG3′Me，8. ECG，9. CG。

Figure 1. Chromatograms of standards and test samples

Note: （1）A: STD400; B: DT04; C: YX06; D: ZP01. (2) Peak number and respective component are 1 for GC, 2 for EGC, 3 for C, 4 for EGCG, 5 for EC, 6 for GCG, 7 for EGCG3″Me, 8 for ECG, and 9 for CG.

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图 2 供试资源儿茶素组分含量

注：**表示相关性极显著（P＜0.01）。

Figure 2. Content of tea germplasms in catechin components

Note: ** represents highly significant correlation (P＜0.01).

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图 3 43份福建野生茶树资源及8个栽培品种儿茶素组分的OPLS-DA分析

Figure 3. OPLS-DA statistical analysis on catechins in 43 wild tea germplasms in Fujian and 8 cultivated varieties

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图 4 43份福建野生茶树资源及8个栽培品种儿茶素组分聚类热图可视化分析

Figure 4. Heatmap analysis on catechins in 43 wild tea germplasms in Fujian and 8 cultivated varieties

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表 1 供试茶树种质资源信息

Table 1. Information on tea germplasms

种质资源类型 Type of germplasm resources	来源 Source site	种质数 Germplasm number/份	茶树种质资源样品 Samples of tea plant germplasm resources
福建野生茶树资源 Wild tea resources of Fujian	蕉城 Jiaocheng	3	蕉城1号—蕉城3号（JC01—JC03）
	云霄 Yunxiao	6	云霄1号—云霄6号（YX01—YX06）
	大田 Datian	6	大田1号—大田6号（DT01—DT06）
	尤溪 Youxi	6	尤溪汤川1号—尤溪汤川6号（TC01—TC06)
	安溪 Anxi	1	安溪苦茶（AX01）
	诏安 Zhaoan	10	诏安1号—诏安10号（ZA01—ZA10)
	漳平 Zhangping	11	漳平1号—漳平11号（ZP01—ZP11）
栽培品种 Cultivated variety	武夷学院茶树种质资源圃 Tea germplasm resource nursery of Wuyi University	8	福鼎大白茶（FD）、福云6号（FY6）、黄旦（HD）、金观音（JGY）、黄金芽（HJY）、龙井43（LJ43）、白叶1号（BY1）、嘉茗1号（JM1）

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表 2 43份福建野生茶树资源及8个栽培品种儿茶素组分含量

Table 2. Catechins in 43 wild tea germplasms in Fujian and 8 cultivated varieties （单位：mg·g⁻¹）

编号 Number	简单儿茶素 Simple catechins				酯型儿茶素 Ester catechins					总量 Total
编号 Number	EC	C	EGC	GC	EGCG3″Me	ECG	EGCG	GCG	CG	总量 Total
JC01	10.33±0.53	1.04±0.05	42.91±2.05	—	9.77±1.04	15.13±0.70	68.36±2.94	—	—	147.54
JC02	8.08±0.62	0.75±0.19	41.18±0.50	—	15.05±1.77	13.76±1.04	76.00±5.38	—	—	154.82
JC03	6.90±0.65	0.58±0.1	22.76±1.44	—	8.93±0.84	12.96±0.91	53.27±3.89	—	—	105.40
YX01	2.12±0.39	0.91±0.13	8.46±0.76	—	4.96±0.49	14.06±1.20	58.38±5.58	—	—	88.89
YX02	2.72±0.26	1.15±0.14	9.12±0.70-	—	5.00±0.67	11.43±1.28	65.50±7.14	—	—	94.92
YX03	8.97±0.26	1.49±0.03	31.23±0.57	—	9.57±1.03	21.83±0.57	111.20±2.70	—	—	174.72
YX04	4.90±0.17	10.33±0.33	7.91±0.11	—	11.08±0.35	20.28±0.72	90.32±3.00	—	—	144.82
YX05	10.61±0.47	1.69±0.11	31.09±0.65	—	25.54±0.44	26.88±0.62	125.53±2.83	—	—	221.34
YX06	10.55±0.95	1.77±0.38	41.17±2.65	—	33.65±1.70	30.87±0.47	142.27±2.32	—	—	260.28
DT01	0.84±0.12	—	6.06±1.52	—	3.54±1.01	13.93±3.97	72.56±15.87	—	—	96.93
DT02	—	1.33±0.47	4.02±0.52	—	6.30±0.92	13.01±1.68	74.63±12.11	—	—	99.29
DT03	5.50±0.41	2.23±0.06	23.70±1.97	—	12.84±0.31	24.00±1.01	160.70±5.39	—	—	228.97
DT04	5.69±0.34	2.40±0.22	19.47±1.08	—	14.13±0.52	25.58±1.35	179.35±8.97	—	—	246.62
DT05	5.24±0.11	—	28.43±0.63	—	16.45±0.71	16.55±0.42	148.72±3.84	—	—	215.39
DT06	6.27±0.23	1.49±0.06	28.21±0.93	—	5.39±1.45	22.21±0.79	174.76±6.47	—	—	238.33
TC01	5.03±0.26	4.28±0.40	14.17±0.62	4.61±0.36	7.91±0.75	24.75±1.55	116.26±10.32	—	—	177.01
TC02	13.98±0.60	6.77±0.51	30.18±2.31	9.08±0.68	7.33±0.30	37.53±1.98	132.71±8.28	0.49±0.06	—	238.07
TC03	5.29±0.04	4.82±0.31	2.49±0.34	8.74±0.40	18.11±0.50	35.58±0.98	140.70±4.19	—	—	215.73
TC04	4.01±0.87	3.58±0.18	10.97±0.36	5.62±0.27	20.70±1.95	20.64±0.96	119.47±7.15	—	—	184.99
TC05	9.11±0.14	5.24±0.09	26.77±0.36	7.98±0.18	4.23±0.06	29.51±2.69	159.92±0.85	0.58±0.05	—	243.34
TC06	10.18±0.27	6.09±0.24	27.25±0.74	8.40±0.21	5.59±0.20	29.02±0.62	150.96±3.55	0.84±0.01	—	238.33
AX01	8.37±0.09	1.40±0.03	27.27±0.23	—	13.01±0.88	23.42±0.50	141.10±5.44	—	—	214.57
ZA01	1.63±0.40	4.76±0.33	5.50±0.32	1.37±0.29	14.34±1.33	21.01±1.67	109.04±8.67	—	—	157.65
ZA02	2.54±0.20	3.32±0.30	8.85±0.60	—	7.16±0.69	16.80±0.76	83.23±5.88	—	—	121.90
ZA03	2.10±0.60	2.18±0.33	7.65±0.78	—	7.96±1.25	11.27±1.25	84.86±10.54	—	—	116.02
ZA04	2.02±0.90	2.10±0.62	7.31±2.26	—	12.01±4.49	10.72±3.40	70.31±18.71	—	—	104.47
ZA05	0.76±0.31	1.80±0.78	1.95±0.99	—	2.17±1.30	8.23±4.10	23.32±12.15	—	—	38.23
ZA06	1.52±0.84	2.87±1.65	4.43±2.19	—	5.28±4.02	10.51±4.92	33.64±0.52	—	—	58.25
ZA07	3.85±0.35	2.58±0.49	10.07±0.86	—	9.54±0.61	21.13±1.14	112.40±9.71	—	—	159.57
ZA08	2.44±0.30	2.22±0.29	8.36±0.86	—	21.03±3.22	27.15±3.69	127.84±17.55	—	—	189.04
ZA09	2.07±0.34	—	10.66±2.41	—	8.78±1.48	12.11±2.03	96.41±16.49	—	—	130.03
ZA10	4.16±0.81	0.92±0.21	25.28±3.69	—	12.00±4.61	20.77±5.09	171.15±16.58	—	—	241.99
ZP01	4.36±0.98	2.21±0.91	21.02±5.08	—	20.66±3.93	24.9±1.05	186.87±3.11	—	—	260.02
ZP02	6.23±1.50	1.96±0.60	25.43±5.12	—	13.19±5.88	33.84±5.28	168.17±1.65	—	—	248.82
ZP03	7.55±0.96	0.91±0.27	24.42±1.24	—	14.78±1.61	22.01±3.17	80.89±0.20	—	—	150.56
ZP04	4.82±0.61	0.77±0.14	20.55±1.29	—	6.19±0.45	17.36±1.26	145.36±13.28	—	—	195.05
ZP05	4.93±0.87	1.95±0.20	18.01±2.28	—	19.42±2.89	33.30±4.43	180.00±1.31	—	—	257.61
ZP06	4.98±0.32	1.17±0.09	26.17±2.63	—	21.08±1.44	19.24±1.44	114.62±11.29	—	—	187.26
ZP07	6.08±0.24	1.51±0.15	26.18±1.75	—	20.98±0.43	24.89±0.31	135.34±1.42	—	—	214.98
ZP08	5.90±0.16	1.23±0.09	22.20±1.15	—	15.39±0.17	23.62±0.43	134.92±1.67	—	—	203.26
ZP09	3.37±0.31	2.27±0.62	9.88±1.95	—	28.18±0.73	29.07±0.57	114.05±2.98	—	—	186.82
ZP10	2.97±0.25	1.88±0.05	15.05±1.20	—	19.71±1.60	16.87±1.40	141.88±12.84	—	—	198.36
ZP11	19.35±0.03	3.20±0.07	40.95±1.12	—	11.25±0.06	38.33±0.18	102.64±0.37	—	—	215.72
FD	7.51±0.69	1.13±0.11	17.84±1.44	—	—	14.12±0.80	61.36±5.69	—	—	101.96
FY6	13.08±0.34	1.48±0.02	32.42±0.89	3.21±0.03	—	27.09±1.04	78.02±2.54	—	—	155.30
JGY	8.78±0.41	2.01±0.64	28.79±5.02	—	1.55±0.11	17.44±0.19	94.31±1.52	—	—	152.88
HD	9.08±0.45	1.74±0.26	24.01±2.39	—	1.65±0.03	20.75±0.63	73.60±1.95	—	—	130.83
HJY	12.65±0.58	2.08±0.16	29.46±1.39	—	—	19.87±0.78	57.01±1.90	—	—	121.07
LJ43	9.24±0.27	—	26.68±1.87	—	—	16.56±0.55	63.16±2.00	—	—	115.64
BY1	8.46±0.12	1.39±0.14	49.42±2.93	—	—	9.10±0.41	59.48±3.13	—	—	127.85
JM1	9.46±0.63	1.56±0.03	38.96±1.42	—	—	13.11±0.93	67.73±4.41	—	—	130.82
注：“—”表示未检出。 Note: “—” indicates not detected.

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表 3 福建野生茶树特异资源的筛选

Table 3. Selection of tea germplasms from wild resources found in Fujian

资源类型　　　　 Gemplasm type	资源名称 Gemplasm name
高儿茶素 High catechin （＞200 mg·g⁻¹）	YX06(260.28)、ZP01(260.02)、ZP05(257.51)、ZP02(248.82)、DT04(246.62)、TC05(243.34)
	ZA10(241.99)、TC06(238.33)、DT06(238.33)、TC02(238.07)、DT03(228.97)、YX05(221.34)
	TC03(215.73)、ZP11(215.72)、DT05(215.39)、ZP07(214.98)、AX01(214.57)、ZP08(203.26)
高EGCG High EGCG （＞150 mg·g^-1）	ZP01(186.87)、ZP05(180.00)、DT04(179.35)、DT06(174.76)、ZA10(171.15)、ZP02(168.17) 、DT03(160.70)、TC05(159.92)、TC06(150.96)
高EGCG3"Me High EGCG3''Me（＞20 mg·g⁻¹）	YX06(33.65)、ZP09(28.18)、YX05(25.54)、ZP06(21.08)、ZA08(21.03)、ZP07(20.98)
高EGCG3"Me High EGCG3''Me（＞20 mg·g⁻¹）	TC04(20.70)、ZP01(20.66)

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