镁缓解高温强光对烟草植株光合生理伤害的影响

魏晓玲; 冯常青; 黄云侠; 徐时长; 邱福祥; 吴题; 郑英洁; 李文卿; 何华勤

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.01.005

镁缓解高温强光对烟草植株光合生理伤害的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.01.005

1.
福建农林大学生命科学学院，福建　福州　350002
2.
福建省烟草专卖局烟草科学研究所，福建　福州　350003

基金项目: 福建省烟草专卖局项目（20193500002400009）

详细信息

作者简介:
魏晓玲（1995−），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：植物分子生理（E-mail：1762121290@qq.com ）

通讯作者:
何华勤（1968−），男，教授，博士，研究方向：植物分子生态学（E-mail: hehq3@fafu.edu.cn）

中图分类号: Q 945.78；S 572
计量
- 文章访问数: 468
- HTML全文浏览量: 205
- PDF下载量: 33
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-02
- 修回日期: 2021-09-08
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-07
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-28

Physiological Effect of Magnesium in Relieving Temperature-and-light-induced Damage to Tobacco Plants

1.
College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
2.
Fujian Institute of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350003, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究镁营养缓解高温强光对烟草光合生理伤害的影响机制，以期为福建地区烟草栽培提供理论指导。方法以烟草翠碧一号为试验材料，设置4个镁质量浓度（0、12.0、48.0 和120.0 mg·L⁻¹）与33 ℃高温下2个光强（600和1200 µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹）处理，分析不同施镁量对不同光强处理下烟株光合生理的影响。结果强光（1 200 µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹ ）加重了烟株的缺镁症状，烟叶出现日灼斑，H₂O₂与丙二醛含量增加，膜透性升高。在48 mg·L⁻¹时，烟株启动CAT、POD、SOD等抗氧化活性酶，清除多余的H₂O₂与丙二醛，增加叶片叶绿素合成量，提高净光合速率，避免烟株遭受高温强光逆境的伤害。结论适当施镁能缓解高温强光胁迫下烟叶的日灼斑症状，提高烟株的干物质量和叶片叶绿素合成量，增加CAT、POD、SOD等抗氧化活性酶活性，从而有效缓解高温强光对烟株光合生理的伤害，其中在48.0 mg·L⁻¹镁供应下缓解效果最好。
- 烟草 /
- 镁营养 /
- 高温强光胁迫 /
- 生理
Abstract: Objective Application of magnesium to alleviate the physiological damage that seriously ill-affects the yield and quality of a tobacco plant by high temperature and strong light was studied. Method Flue-cured tobacco, Cuibi No. 1 (Nicotiana tabacum), plants were supplied with magnesium at 0, 12.0, 48.0, and 120.0 mg·L⁻¹ under 33 ℃ with light exposures of 600 or 1 200 µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹. Effects of the nutrient supplement on the physiology of tobacco plants were monitored. Result A magnesium deficiency on the plants with the symptoms of sun-burn, H₂O₂ and malondialdehyde accumulations, and a heightened leaf membrane permeability was observed under the stress of 33 ℃ and the light exposure at 1 200 µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹. Through supplementing 48 mg·L⁻¹ magnesium the tobacco plants significantly rose on the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, which eliminated ROS, as well as the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate. The adverse effects caused by the stress were significantly relieved. Conclusion Appropriate application of magnesium fertilization could alleviate the physiological damages on tobacco plants caused by high temperature and strong light exposure.
- Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) /
- magnesium supply /
- high-temperature/strong-light stress /
- physiology

HTML全文

图 1 不同施镁量与光强处理下烟草的叶片形态.

Figure 1. Morphology of leaves from tobacco plants under treatments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同施镁量与光强处理下烟草植株的光合参数

注：① A：气孔导度；B：胞间二氧化碳浓度；C：蒸腾速率；D：净光合速率。② 图中同一列不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05），下图同。

Figure 2. Photosynthetic parameters of tobacco plants under treatments

Note: 1. A: Stomatal conductance (G_s); B: Intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i); C: Transpiration rate (T_r); D: Net photosynthetic rate (P_n). 2. Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant differences at P＜0.05. Same for following figures.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同施镁量与光强处理下烟株的荧光参数

注： A：初始荧光；B：最大荧光；C：可变荧光；D：最大光化学效应。

Figure 3. Fluorescence parameters of tobacco plants under treatments

Note: A: Minimal fluorescence (F_o): B: Maximal fluorescence (F_m): C: Variable fluorescence (F_v); D: F_v/F_m.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同施镁量与光强处理下烟草植株的H₂O₂（A）、MDA（B）的含量和相对膜透性（C）

Figure 4. Contents of H₂O₂ (A), MDA (B), and membrane permeability (C) of tobacco plants under treatments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同施镁量与光强处理下烟草植株的抗氧化酶活力

注：A：过氧化氢酶活性；B：过氧化物酶活性；C：超氧化物歧化酶活性。

Figure 5. Activity of antioxidant enzymes in tobacco plants under treatments

Note: A: CAT activity; B: POD activity; C: SOD activity.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同施镁量与光强处理下烟草植株的干物质量

Table 1. Dry weight of tobacco plants under treatments

处理 Treatment group	地上部干物质量 Dry weight above ground/g	地下部干物质量 Dry weight underground/g	整株干物质量 Dry weight of whole plant/g
L600Mg0	9.75±0.81 c	0.90±0.11 d	10.43±0.85 c
L1200Mg0	13.07±0.78 abc	0.82±0.03 d	13.89±0.81 bc
L600Mg12	10.29±1.94 bc	1.27±0.13 bc	12.15±2.05 bc
L1200Mg12	14.59±1.27 ab	1.30±0.06 c	16.00±1.22 ab
L600Mg48	10.62±0.54 c	1.41±0.11 bc	11.87±0.60 bc
L1200Mg48	14.68±0.77 ab	1.95±0.19 bc	16.31±0.79 ab
L600Mg120	12.14±2.57 bc	1.49±0.17 b	13.96±2.72 bc
L1200Mg120	16.41±1.45 a	2.24±0.09 a	18.79±1.52 a
注：表中同一列不同小写字母表示差异显著（P＜0.05）。 Note: Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant differences at P＜0.05.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同施镁量与光强处理对烟草植株的干物质量影响的方差分析

Table 2. Variance analysis on effects of treatments on dry matters of tobacco plants

变异来源 Sources of variation	地上部干物质量 Dry weight above ground/g	地下部干物质量 Dry weight underground/g	整株干物质量 Dry weight of whole plant/g
镁质量浓度	***	NS	**
光强	*	***	NS
镁质量浓度x光强	NS	NS	NS
注：同一列、、*分别表示P＜0.05、P＜0.01、P＜0.001显著性水平；NS表示无显著性。表4、表5同。 Note: , * , and * * on same column indicate significances at P＜0.05, P＜0.01, and P＜0.001, respectively. Same for table 4 and 5.

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 同施镁量与光强处理下烟草植株的叶绿体色素含量

Table 3. Chloroplast pigment content of tobacco plants under treatments

处理 Treatment group	Chl. a含量 Chl.a content/ （mg·g⁻¹）	Chl. b含量 Chl.b content/ （mg·g⁻¹）	Car含量 Car content/ （mg·g⁻¹）	Chl.含量 Chl. content/ （mg·g⁻¹）	叶绿素a/b Chl.（a/b）
L600Mg0	1229.71±12.13 d	450.06±35.32 d	193.91±12.63 c	1679.77±23.88 c	2.77±0.25 a
L1200Mg0	978.35±60.70 e	637.47±72.44 cd	105.42±14.54 d	1615.82±132.82 c	1.55±0.08 d
L600Mg12	1836.13±57.10 b	646.37±18.22 bc	296.78±8.97 a	2482.49±72.94 b	2.84±0.05 a
L1200Mg12	1533.91±96.90 c	704.80±47.85 bc	234.53±30.68 abc	2238.71±122.04 b	2.19±0.15 bc
L600Mg48	1829.40±57.88 b	711.86±18.23 bc	274.65±19.99 ab	2536.21±48.91 b	2.60±0.16 ab
L1200Mg48	1629.22±24.65 bc	832.36±61.23 b	225.10±17.71 bc	2461.58±84.06 b	1.98±0.13 cd
L600Mg120	2456.96±156.84 a	1184.78±132.25 a	263.27±26.60 ab	3641.74±278.58 a	2.10±0.15 bc
L1200Mg120	1755.00±101.31 bc	1038.29±23.68 a	221.77±36.39 bc	2632.32±225.25 b	2.09±0.30 bc
注：① A：叶绿素a含量；B：叶绿素b含量；C：类胡萝卜素含量；D：叶绿素总含量；E：叶绿素a/b。② 图中同一列不同小写字母表示差异显著（P＜0.05）。 Note: 1. A: Chlorophyll a content (Chl. a); B: Chlorophyll b content (Chl. b); C: Carotenoid content (Car); D: Chlorophyll content (Chl.); E: Chl. (a/b). 2. Data with different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at P＜0.05.

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 不同施镁量与光强处理对烟草植株光合特性影响的方差分析

Table 4. Variance analysis on effects of treatments on photosynthetic characteristics of tobacco plants

变异来源 Sources of variation	Chl.a含量 Chl.a content	Chl.b含量 Chl.b content	Car含量 Car content	Chl.含量 Chl. content	叶绿素a/b Chl.（a/b）	P_n	T_r	G_s	C_i	F_o	F_v	F_m	F_v/F_m
施镁量 Magnesium application	***	NS	**	**	***	***	***	***	NS	***	***	***	***
光强 Light intensity	***	***	***	***	NS	***	**	**	NS	NS	*	**	NS
施镁量×光强 Magnesium application×Light intensity	*	NS	NS	*	*	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 不同施镁量与光强处理对烟草植株抗氧化系统影响的方差分析

Table 5. Variance analysis on effects of treatments on antioxidant system of tobacco plants

变异来源 Sources of variation	H₂O₂含量 H₂O₂ content	MDA含量 MDA content	相对膜透性 Relative membrane permeability	CAT活力 CAT activity	POD活力 POD activity	SOD活力 SOD activity
施镁量 Magnesium application	NS	**	***	NS	***	***
光强 Light intensity	***	NS	NS	***	***	***
施镁量×光强 Magnesium application×Light intensity	*	NS	*	**	***	**

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(27)

[1]	窦逢科, 张景略. 烟草品质与土壤肥料[M]. 郑州: 河南科学技术出版社, 1992.
[2]	王子腾, 陈辰, 朱润琪, 等. 不同光温胁迫对成熟期烤烟光合生理特性的影响 [J]. 烟草科技, 2018, 51(8):14−21. WANG Z T, CHEN C, ZHU R Q, et al. Effects of light and temperature stress on photosynthesis of flue-cured tobacco at mature stage [J]. Tobacco Science & Technology, 2018, 51(8): 14−21.(in Chinese)
[3]	顾少龙, 史宏志. 光照对烤烟生长发育及质量形成的影响研究进展 [J]. 河南农业科学, 2010, 39(5):120−124. GU S L, SHI H Z. Research progress on the influence of flue-cured tobacco growth and quality formation [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2010, 39(5): 120−124.(in Chinese)
[4]	常乃杰. 生态因素对云南烤烟品质影响[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2016. CHANG N J. Effects of ecological factors on the quality of flue cured tobacco in yunnan[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2016. (in Chinese)
[5]	ASADA K. Production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species in chloroplasts and their functions [J]. Plant Physiology, 2006, 141(2): 391−396. doi: 10.1104/pp.106.082040
[6]	李文卿, 陈顺辉, 李春俭, 等. 福建生态条件下品种、栽培措施与烟叶风格特色关系 [J]. 中国农学通报, 2016, 32(7):23−30. doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15080043 LI W Q, CHEN S H, LI C J, et al. The relationship between variety & cultivation measure and style & feature of tobacco leaves under Fujian ecotope [J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2016, 32(7): 23−30.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15080043
[7]	杨广东, 朱祝军, 李燕娥. 强光下缺镁对甜椒叶片叶绿素荧光特性和活性氧产生的影响[C]//中国青年农业科学学术年报, 2002: 313−316.
[8]	凌丽俐, 黄翼, 彭良志, 等. 镁缺乏和过量胁迫对纽荷尔脐橙叶绿素荧光特性的影响 [J]. 生态学报, 2014, 34(7):1672−1680. LING L L, HUANG Y, PENG L Z, et al. Influence of magnesium deficiency and excess on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Newhall navel orange leaves [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2014, 34(7): 1672−1680.(in Chinese)
[9]	杨利华, 郭丽敏, 傅万鑫. 玉米施镁对氮磷钾肥料利用率及产量的影响 [J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2003, 11(1):78−80. YANG L H, GUO L M, FU W X. Effect of magnesium on fertilizer-utilized coefficient of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as well as grain yield in maize [J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2003, 11(1): 78−80.(in Chinese)
[10]	MENGUTAY M, CEYLAN Y, KUTMAN U B, et al. Adequate magnesium nutrition mitigates adverse effects of heat stress on maize and wheat [J]. Plant and Soil, 2013, 368(1/2): 57−72.
[11]	CAKMAK I. Magnesium in crop production, food quality and human health [J]. Plant and Soil, 2013, 368(1/2): 1−4.
[12]	邵宇航, 石祖梁, 张姗, 等. 高温胁迫下镁对小麦旗叶光合特性及产量的影响 [J]. 麦类作物学报, 2018, 38(7):802−808. doi: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2018.07.07 SHAO Y H, SHI Z L, ZHANG S, et al. Effect of magnesium rates on photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaf and grain yield in winter wheat under heat stress [J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2018, 38(7): 802−808.(in Chinese) doi: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2018.07.07
[13]	邹奇. 植物生理学试验指导[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003.
[14]	张志良, 瞿伟菁, 李小方. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 4版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2009.
[15]	林植芳, 李双顺, 林桂珠, 等. 水稻叶片的衰老与超氧物歧化酶活性及脂质过氧化作用的关系 [J]. 植物学报, 1984, 26(6):605−615. LIN Z F, LI S S, LIN G Z, et al. Relationship between Leaf senescence and Superoxide dismutase Activity and Lipid Peroxidation in Rice [J]. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 1984, 26(6): 605−615.(in Chinese)
[16]	李京睿. 驻马店地区葡萄病虫害调查及主要病虫害防治[D]. 邯郸: 河北工程大学, 2017. LI J R. Investigation on grape diseases and pests and prevention of main diseases and pests in zhumadian[D]. Handan: Hebei University of Engineering, 2017. (in Chinese)
[17]	韦翔华, 白厚义, 陈佩琼. 硼营养对烟草产量和产值的效应研究 [J]. 广西农业生物科学, 2000, 19(4):239−242. WEI X H, BAI H Y, CHEN P Q. Effects of magnesium and boron nutrition on yield and output value of tobacco [J]. Guangxi agricultural bio-science, 2000, 19(4): 239−242.(in Chinese)
[18]	吕世保, 王戈, 白羽祥, 等. 不同施镁量对烤烟K326生长和产质量的影响 [J]. 安徽农业科学, 2017, 45(26):41−43. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2017.26.013 LYU S B, WANG G, BAI Y X, et al. Effects of magnesium on growth and yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco K326 [J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 45(26): 41−43.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2017.26.013
[19]	杨广东, 朱祝军, 计玉妹. 不同光强和缺镁胁迫对黄瓜叶片叶绿素荧光特性和活性氧产生的影响 [J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2002, 8(1):115−118. YANG G D, ZHU Z J, JI Y M. Effect of light intensity and magnesium deficiency on chlorophyll fluorescence and active oxygen in cucumber leaves [J]. Plant Natrition and Fertilizen Science, 2002, 8(1): 115−118.(in Chinese)
[20]	邱翠花. 高温强光诱导的温州蜜柑光合机构光破坏机理研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2011. QIU C H. Study on the photodestruction mechanism of the photosynthetic mechanism of Satamogan induced by high temperature and strong light [D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2011. (in Chinese)
[21]	郝逎斌, 李桐柱, 张其德, 等. 叶绿体膜的结构与功能 Ⅷ. 镁离子对叶绿体类囊体膜的叶绿素-蛋白复合体聚合的影响 [J]. 生物化学与生物物理学报, 1981(4):365−372. HAO Q B, LI T Z, ZHANG Q D, et al. Structure and function of chloroplast membranes ⅷ. effect of magnesium ions on the polymerization of chlorophyll-protein complexes of chloroplast membranes [J]. Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica, 1981(4): 365−372.(in Chinese)
[22]	孙晓娥, 刘兆普, 隆小华. 不同供镁水平对两菊芋品种幼苗生物量、光合和叶绿素荧光特性的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2012, 31(4):823−829. SUN X E, LIU Z P, LONG X H. Effects of different levels of magnesium supply on the seedling's growth, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of two Helianthus tuberous varieties [J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2012, 31(4): 823−829.(in Chinese)
[23]	RALPH P J, MACINNIS-NG C M O, FRANKART C. Fluorescence imaging application: Effect of leaf age on seagrass photokinetics [J]. Aquatic Botany, 2005, 81(1): 69−84. doi: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2004.11.003
[24]	PALATNIK J F, CARRILLO N, VALLE E M. The role of photosynthetic electron transport in the oxidative degradation of chloroplastic glutamine synthetase [J]. Plant Physiology, 1999, 121(2): 471−478. doi: 10.1104/pp.121.2.471
[25]	邱翠花, 计玮玮, 郭延平. 高温强光对温州蜜柑叶绿素荧光、D1蛋白和Deg1蛋白酶的影响及SA效应 [J]. 生态学报, 2011, 31(13):3802−3810. QIU C H, JI W W, GUO Y P. Effects of high temperature and strong light on chlorophyll fluorescence, the D1 protein, and Deg1 protease in Satsuma mandarin, and the protective role of salicylic acid [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2011, 31(13): 3802−3810.(in Chinese)
[26]	孙克香, 杨莎, 郭峰, 等. 高温强光胁迫下外源钙对甜椒(Capsicum fructescens L. )幼苗光合生理特性的影响 [J]. 植物生理学报, 2015, 51(3):280−286. SUN K X, YANG S, GUO F, et al. Effects of exogenous calcium on photosynthetic chracteristics of sweet pepper (Capsicum fructescens L.) seedlings [J]. Plant Physiology Journal, 2015, 51(3): 280−286.(in Chinese)
[27]	王芳, 刘鹏, 史锋, 等. 镁对大豆叶片细胞膜透性和保护酶活性的影响 [J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2005, 11(5):659−664. WANG F, LIU P, SHI F, et al. Influences of magnesium on cell membrane permeability and activities of protective enzymes of soybean leaves [J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizing Science, 2005, 11(5): 659−664.(in Chinese)