林下穴盘袋栽时长对金线莲生长和品质的影响

张航; 陈泽明; 郑智位; 吴茜; 林协全; 张麒功; 邹双全; 邹小兴

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.01.008

林下穴盘袋栽时长对金线莲生长和品质的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.01.008

张航^{1, 2,},
陈泽明^{2, 3},
郑智位⁴,
吴茜^{1, 2},
林协全^{1, 2},
张麒功^{1, 2},
邹双全^{1, 2},
邹小兴^{1, 2, ,}

1.
福建农林大学林学院，福建　福州　350002
2.
自然生物资源保育利用福建省高校工程研究中心，福建　福州　350002
3.
上海徐房绿化有限公司 200030
4.
福建省德化葛坑国有林场，福建　德化　362509

基金项目: 福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目（KHF190014）；福建农林大学乡村振兴服务团队项目（11899170128）

详细信息

作者简介:
张航（1998−），女，硕士研究生，研究方向：从事药用植物栽培（E-mial: Hanggang365@163.com）

通讯作者:
邹小兴（1971—），男，博士，副教授，从事药用植物资源与栽培研究（E-mial:fjzxxzxx@126.com）

中图分类号: S 567.239
计量
- 文章访问数: 610
- HTML全文浏览量: 211
- PDF下载量: 28
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-13
- 修回日期: 2021-12-16
- 网络出版日期: 2022-01-21
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-28

Effects of Seedling Tray Bagging Duration on Growth and Quality of In-forest Cultivated Anoectochilus roxburghii

ZHANG Hang^{1, 2
,},
CHEN Zeming^{2, 3},
ZHENG Zhiwei⁴,
WU Xi^{1, 2},
LIN Xiequan^{1, 2},
ZHANG Qigong^{1, 2},
ZOU Shuangquan^{1, 2},
ZOU Xiaoxing^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
2.
Engineering Research Center of Natural Biological Resources Conversation and Utilization of Fujian Higher Education Institute, Fuzhou, Fujian　350002, China
3.
Shanghai Xufang Ecological Environment Ltd., Co., Shanghai　200030, China
4.
Dehua Gekeng National Forest Farm of Fujian, Dehua, Fujian　362509, China

摘要

摘要: 目的明确林下穴盘袋栽对金线莲生长和品质的影响，筛选出适宜金线莲生长的套袋时长，为金线莲科学种植、品质提升提供理论依据。方法以南靖大叶金线莲为试验材料，在南靖县葛山村试验地设置7个不同套袋时长处理，以落地栽培为对照（CK），研究穴盘袋栽及不同套袋时长对金线莲生长及品质的影响。结果（1）穴盘袋栽金线莲可以提高保存率、株高、叶片数、叶长、叶宽、茎节数、每节长、根数和根长，与对照相比，穴盘袋栽套袋150 d处理的保存率增加26.42%，株高增加26.47%，叶片数增加36.36%，每节长增加18.41%，平均单株鲜重增加8.32%，且存在显著差异；（2）穴盘栽培较落地栽培可显著提升金线莲可溶性糖含量，套袋时间过长不利于金线莲叶绿素合成，而对可溶性蛋白含量无显著影响；（3）金线莲穴盘栽培较落地栽培有利于总多糖、总黄酮、总生物碱和总氨基酸含量的积累与合成，分别增加11.85%、5.67%、3.70%、17.50%。但套袋时间过长则不利于金线莲总生物碱、金线莲苷、总酚含量提升，套袋150 d与套袋0 d处理的金线莲总黄酮、总生物碱、总氨基酸、总多糖含量达到的最高值之间无显著差异。结论穴盘袋栽较落地栽培有利于金线莲生长和品质提升，过长的袋栽时长不利于金线莲活性成分的合成，综合考虑，穴盘袋栽以套袋时长150 d较为适宜，金线莲生长和品质较佳。
- 金线莲 /
- 穴盘袋栽 /
- 套袋时长 /
- 保存率 /
- 活性成分
Abstract: Objective Effects of duration of the seedling tray bagging on the growth and quality of in-forest cultivated Anoectochilus roxburghi were analyzed. Method Under tree shade in the forest, Nanjing large leaf A. roxburghii seedlings were cultivated with the conventional ground planting (CK) or utilization of the seedling tray bagging method for 7 different lengths of time at an experimental site in Geshan Village, Nanjing County. Effects of the bagging and bagging duration on the growth and quality of the plants were evaluated. Result (1) The seedling tray bagging significantly increased the survival rate, plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, stem node number, node length, root number, and root length of the A. roxburghii plants. Compared with CK, 150 d bagging afforded the plants 26.42% higher on survival rate, 26.47% taller on height, 36.36% more on number of leaves, 18.41% longer on node, and 8.32% on average plant fresh weight. (2) The bagging significantly raised the soluble sugar content in A. roxburghii over direct ground planting. However, too long a bagging duration was detrimental to chlorophyll synthesis of the plant, even though no significant effect on protein content. (3) The bagging facilitated the plant accumulation and synthesis of polysaccharides, flavonoids, alkaloids, and amino acids, as shown by 11.85%, 5.67%, 3.70%, and 17.50% increases, respectively, over the conventional ground cultivation. However, being held in the bags for a prolonged period, the plants ceased to rise on the contents of total alkaloids, kinsenoside, and total phenols. The peak contents of flavonoids, alkaloids, amino acids, and polysaccharides did not significantly differ on the plants bagged for 150 d or 0 d either. Conclusion The seedling tray bagging practice benefitted the growth and quality of A. roxburghii. However, prolonged bagging was not conducive to the synthesis of functional ingredients in the plant. It appeared that bagging for 150 d was optimal for the cultivation of high quality A. roxburghii in the woods.
- Anoectochilus roxburghii /
- seedling tray bagging /
- bagging duration /
- survival rate /
- functional components

HTML全文

图 1 金线莲穴盘袋栽

注：A，穴盘；B，穴盘+骨架；C，穴盘袋栽；D，穴盘袋栽管理。

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of seedling tray bagging for A. roburghii cultivation

Note: A, Seedling tray; B, Seedling tray and framework; C, Seedling tray bagging cultivation; D, Seedling tray bagging cultivation management.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同穴盘套袋时长金线莲保存率

Figure 2. Survival rate of A. roburghii for different duration of Seedling tray bagging cultivation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同穴盘袋栽套袋时长金线莲生理指标

注：图中不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05）。图4同。

Figure 3. Physiological indices on A. roburghii cultivated with varied bagging durations

Note: Data with different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level. Same for Fig. 4.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同穴盘袋栽套袋时长金线莲活性成分图

Figure 4. Functional ingredients in A. roburghii cultivated with varied bagging durations

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同穴盘袋栽套袋时长金线莲平均单株鲜、干重及折干率

Table 1. Average fresh and dry weights and drying rates of A. roburghii cultivated with varied bagging durations

处理 Treatment	平均单株鲜重 Average fresh weight per plant/g	平均单株干重 Average dry weight per plant/g	折干率 Discount rate/%
C1	5.14±0.41 b	0.99±0.07 ab	19.38±0.26 ab
C2	4.75±0.11 c	0.89±0.03 abc	18.76±0.28 bc
C3	4.07±0.13 d	0.75±0.02 abc	18.39±0.22 c
C4	4.01±0.90 d	0.74±0.17 bc	18.58±0.38 c
C5	3.94±1.07 d	0.68±0.19 c	17.27±0.22 d
C6	5.78±0.47 a	1.00±0.08 ab	17.30±0.18 d
C7	5.94±0.35 a	0.96±0.06 abc	16.26±0.15 e
CK	5.29±0.37 b	1.04±0.06 a	19.73±0.20 a
注：同列数据后不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著（P<0.05）。表2同。 Note: Data with different lowercase letters on same column indicate significant differences between treatments (P＜0.05). Same for Table 2.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同穴盘袋栽套袋时长金线莲生长指标

Table 2. Growth of A. roburghii cultivated with varied bagging durations

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height/cm	叶片数 Number of leaves	叶长 Leaf length/cm	叶宽 Leaf width/cm	茎节数 Number of stems	每节长 Length of per section/cm	根数 Root number	根长 Root length/cm
C1	9.12±0.17 d	5.00±0.17 c	3.31±0.73 a	2.25±0.40 a	4.00±0.13 a	2.46±0.06 d	4.60±0.89 a	4.26±2.84 a
C2	9.30±0.03 cd	5.20±0.10 c	2.59±0.79 a	2.01±0.57 a	3.00±0.71 a	2.54±0.03 d	4.60±1.14 a	4.44±2.42 a
C3	9.50±0.05 c	5.37±0.06 bc	2.94±0.69 a	2.06±0.34 a	4.00±0.23 a	2.56±0.05 cd	5.00±1.00 a	4.74±2.68 a
C4	9.57±0.04 c	5.20±0.10 c	3.07±0.87 a	2.17±0.49 a	4.00±0.12 a	2.56±0.11 cd	4.60±0.89 a	5.44±2.51 a
C5	10.14±0.13 b	5.73±0.25 ab	3.01±0.98 a	2.09±0.68 a	3.60±0.55 a	2.72±0.04 bc	4.40±0.89 a	5.28±1.71 a
C6	10.51±0.03 a	6.00±0.26 a	3.72±0.9 a	2.72±0.63 a	3.80±0.45 a	2.83±0.09 b	4.80±0.45 a	5.58±1.95 a
C7	10.62±0.04 a	6.10±0.20 a	4.14±0.75 a	2.93±0.42 a	4.00±0.71 a	3.14±0.02 a	5.20±0.84 a	8.34±0.74 a
CK	8.31±0.2 e	4.40±0.10 d	2.85±0.99 a	2.10±0.52 a	3.40±0.55 a	2.39±0.02 d	4.40±1.34 a	6.32±0.94 a

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(28)

[1]	洪琳, 邵清松, 周爱存, 等. 金线莲产业现状及可持续发展对策 [J]. 中国中药杂志, 2016, 41(3):553−558. HONG L, SHAO Q S, ZHOU A C, et al. Current status and sustainable development countermeasures of Anoectochilus roxburghii [J]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2016, 41(3): 553−558.(in Chinese)
[2]	李秋静, 郑晓艳, 刘桂君, 等. 福建药用植物金线莲研究进展 [J]. 世界科学技术-中医药现代化, 2018, 20(8):1364−1372. LI Q J, ZHENG X Y, LIU G J, et al. Overview of the research on the medical herb of Fujian Province-Anoectochilus roxburghii [J]. Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology, 2018, 20(8): 1364−1372.(in Chinese)
[3]	牛欢, 谢卓宓, 古力, 等. 林下种植密度和收获期对金线莲产量和品质的影响 [J]. 中国现代中药, 2018, 20(7):837−841,865. NIU H, XIE Z M, GU L, et al. Effects of planting density and harvesting stages for Anoectochilus roxburghii planted under forest on its yield and quality [J]. Modern Chinese Medicine, 2018, 20(7): 837−841,865.(in Chinese)
[4]	甘金佳, 毛玲莉, 黄容乐, 等. 不同栽培方式对金线莲生长状况和品质的影响 [J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2018, 20(7):130−136. GAN J J, MAO L L, HUANG R L, et al. Effects of different cultivation methods on the growth and quality of Anoectochilus roxburghii [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2018, 20(7): 130−136.(in Chinese)
[5]	陈仁清. 密度和气候年景对林下仿野生栽培金线莲生长的影响 [J]. 安徽农学通报, 2019, 25(5):26−28,50. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7731.2019.05.012 CHEN R Q. Effects of density and climate year on the growth of imitating wild cultivated Anoectochilus roxburghii under forest [J]. Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2019, 25(5): 26−28,50.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7731.2019.05.012
[6]	郭剑雄, 洪佰仲. 金线莲袋式优质高产有机栽培技术 [J]. 农技服务, 2017, 34(10):20−21. GUO J X, HONG B Z. The bag-type high-quality and high-yield organic cultivation technology of Anoectochilus roxburghii [J]. Agricultural Technology Service, 2017, 34(10): 20−21.(in Chinese)
[7]	吴纯清, 程昌凤, 唐小华. 水果套袋的研究现状 [J]. 西南园艺, 2002(S1):28−30,36. WU C Q, CHENG C F, TANG X H. Research status of fruit bagging [J]. Southwest Horticulture, 2002(S1): 28−30,36.(in Chinese)
[8]	朱俊斌. 一种带气孔结构的微型金线莲种植棚: CN203934426U[P]. 2014-11-12.
[9]	郑连金, 马增强, 肖玉兰. 不同光照强度对台湾金线莲生长发育和次生代谢物合成的影响 [J]. 安徽农学通报, 2016, 22(16):25−26, 39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7731.2016.16.010 ZHENG L J, MA Z Q, XIAO Y L. The influence of different light intensities on the growth and development and the synthesis of secondary metabolites of aoectochilus formosanus [J]. Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2016, 22(16): 25−26, 39.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7731.2016.16.010
[10]	张超, 吴建国, 易骏, 等. HPLC-ELSD法测定三种植物基原金线莲的金线莲苷含量 [J]. 食品工业科技, 2017, 38(2):75−78. ZHANG C, WU J G, YI J, et al. Content determination of kinsenoside in Jin-Xian-Lian from three Anoectochilus species by HPLC-ELSD [J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2017, 38(2): 75−78.(in Chinese)
[11]	魏翠华, 谢宇, 秦建彬, 等. 不同品种金线莲氨基酸和多糖含量的比较研究 [J]. 福建林业科技, 2016, 43(1):43−45,60. WEI C H, XIE Y, QIN J B, et al. Comparative study of amino acid and polysaccharide contents in different varieties of Anoectochilus roxburghii [J]. Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology, 2016, 43(1): 43−45,60.(in Chinese)
[12]	孙加焱, 余红伟, 方锡平. 不同月龄林下仿野生栽培金线莲有效成分含量研究 [J]. 现代农业科技, 2020(11):66−67. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5739.2020.11.036 SUN J Y, YU H W, FANG X P. Study on the Contents of Active Ingredients in Imitating Wild Cultivation of Anoectochilus roxburghii under Forests of Different Months [J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2020(11): 66−67.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5739.2020.11.036
[13]	ZUO L L, WANG Z Y, FAN Z L, et al. Evaluation of antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of three Actinidia (Actinidia kolomikta, Actinidia arguta, Actinidia chinensis) extracts in vitro [J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2012, 13(5): 5506−5518. doi: 10.3390/ijms13055506
[14]	梅瑜, 邱道寿. 金线莲活性成分和分子鉴定的研究进展 [J]. 安徽农业科学, 2018, 46(9):29−33. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2018.09.009 MEI Y, QIU D S. Research progress on the active components and molecular identification of Anoectochilus sp. (wall. ) lindl [J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 46(9): 29−33.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2018.09.009
[15]	龚秀会, 许敏, 董鸿竹, 等. 不同基原金线莲植物的化学成分比较研究 [J]. 安徽农业科学, 2012, 40(36):17530−17531,17607. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2012.36.032 GONG X H, XU M, DONG H Z, et al. Comparative Study of the Chemical Constituents of Anoectochilus spp. from different origins [J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2012, 40(36): 17530−17531,17607.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2012.36.032
[16]	赖曼娜, 林汝秀, 钟鸣. Box-Behnken设计优化金线莲总生物碱提取工艺研究 [J]. 中药材, 2017, 40(8):1910−1913. LAI M N, LIN R X, ZHONG M. Box-Behnken Design and Optimization of Extraction Process of Total Alkaloids from Anoectochilus roxburghii [J]. Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials, 2017, 40(8): 1910−1913.(in Chinese)
[17]	邵玲, 梁广坚, 刘楠, 等. 广东肇庆地区金线莲低海拔林下栽培研究 [J]. 热带亚热带植物学报, 2017, 25(6):546−553. doi: 10.11926/jtsb.3769 SHAO L, LIANG G J, LIU N, et al. Studies on cultivation under forest of Anoectochilus roxburghii at low altitude in Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China [J]. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany, 2017, 25(6): 546−553.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11926/jtsb.3769
[18]	朱冬梅, 朱添福, 邱光敏, 等. 福建省武平县金线莲种植气候条件 [J]. 农业工程, 2016, 6(5):132−133. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1795.2016.05.040 ZHU D M, ZHU T F, QIU G M, et al. Climatic conditions of Anoectochilus roxburghii planting in Wuping County of Fujian Province [J]. Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 6(5): 132−133.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1795.2016.05.040
[19]	王大平, 杨玲. 套袋对黄花梨果实品质和贮藏性能的影响 [J]. 北方园艺, 2010(1):17−19. WANG D P, YANG L. Effect of bagging on quality and storage property of Huanghua pear [J]. Northern Horticulture, 2010(1): 17−19.(in Chinese)
[20]	SHARMA R R, REDDY S V R, JHALEGAR M J. Pre-harvest fruit bagging: A useful approach for plant protection and improved post-harvest fruit quality-a review [J]. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2014, 89(2): 101−113. doi: 10.1080/14620316.2014.11513055
[21]	TEIXEIRA R, BOFF M I C, AMARANTE C V T D, et al. Effects of fruit bagging on pests and diseases control and on quality and maturity of ‘Fuji Suprema’ apples [J]. Bragantia, 2010, 70(3): 688−695.
[22]	吴世涛. 套袋对柚果实色泽变化及品质的影响[D]. 福州: 福建农林大学, 2019. WU S T. Effects of bagging on color change and quality of pummelo fruit[D]. Fuzhou: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 2019. (in Chinese)
[23]	李章, 臧小平, 葛宇, 等. 套袋对芒果中甲基硫菌灵与吡虫啉农药残留的影响 [J]. 热带作物学报, 2017, 38(2):353−358. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2017.02.026 LI Z, ZANG X P, GE Y, et al. Effects of fruit bagging on residual of thiophanate-methyl and imidacloprid in mango fruit [J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2017, 38(2): 353−358.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2017.02.026
[24]	武维华. 植物生理学[M]. 3版. 北京: 科学出版社, 2018.
[25]	邱尔发, 陈存及, 董建文, 等. 毛竹种源新竹叶绿素含量动态变化及其相关关系研究 [J]. 江西农业大学学报(自然科学), 2002, 24(4):522−527. QIU E F, CHEN C J, DONG J W, et al. A study on chlorophyll content dynamics and relation ship of new bamboo of Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. pubescens from different provenances [J]. Acta Agriculturae Universitis Jiangxiensis, 2002, 24(4): 522−527.(in Chinese)
[26]	王艳. 设施条件下柑橘生物学特性及生理反应的初步研究[D]. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2007. WANG Y. Preliminary study on biological characteristic and physiological reaction of Citrus in protected cultivate conditions[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2007. (in Chinese)
[27]	牛欢, 韦坤华, 徐倩, 等. 不同光照度对金线莲生长、生理特性和药用成分的影响 [J]. 植物资源与环境学报, 2020, 29(1):26−36, 43. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7895.2020.01.04 NIU H, WEI K H, XU Q, et al. Effects of different illuminances on growth, physiological characteristics, and medicinal components of Anoectochilus roxburghii [J]. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 2020, 29(1): 26−36, 43.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7895.2020.01.04
[28]	何碧珠, 邹双全, 刘江枫, 等. 光照强度与栽培模式对金线莲生长及品质影响 [J]. 中国现代中药, 2015, 17(12):1292−1295. HE B Z, ZOU S Q, LIU J F, et al. Effects of light intensity and cultivation mode on growth and quality of Anoectochilus roxburghii [J]. Modern Chinese Medicine, 2015, 17(12): 1292−1295.(in Chinese)