有机无机肥配施对香蕉田土壤细菌群落数量和结构的影响

孙建波; 李淑霞; 李春强; 张世清; 李文彬

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.011.014

有机无机肥配施对香蕉田土壤细菌群落数量和结构的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.011.014

中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所/农业农村部热带作物生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室，海南　海口　571101

基金项目: 海南省自然科学基金项目（321RC642）

详细信息

作者简介:
孙建波（1974-），男，博士，副研究员，研究方向：热带作物病害发生机理（E-mail：sunjb126@126.com）

通讯作者:
李文彬（1976-），女，博士，副研究员，研究方向：热带作物病害发生机理（E-mail：liwenbin@itbb.org.cn）

中图分类号: S 154
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-23
- 修回日期: 2022-09-13
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-29
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-28

Response of Bacterial Community in Soil of Banana Plantation to Combined Use of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers

Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan　571101, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探明化肥减量配施有机肥对香蕉土壤细菌群落结构特征的影响。方法设计5个不同施肥处理：不施肥处理（CK，T1）；25%化肥配施有机肥（T2）；50%化肥配施有机肥（T3）；100%化肥（100% CF，T4）和50%化肥（50% CF，T5）。采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序平台，对土壤细菌16S rRNA基因保守区进行测序，并对不同施肥处理下土壤细菌群落数量、结构和多样性的差异进行生物信息学分析。结果 T1、T2、T3、T4和T5处理的OTUs数分别是30、33、31、34、31个。不同处理中，优势菌群所占的比例各不相同。T3处理提高了土壤中有益菌变形杆菌门（Proteobacteria）和酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）的相对丰度。各处理土壤细菌的Shannon指数大小顺序为：T3＞T5＞T2＞T1＞T4。和单施50% CF（T5）化肥相比，50% CF配施有机肥处理（T3）提高了土壤细菌多样性。与T5处理相比，T2处理的多样性降低，说明化肥用量过低不利于土壤多样性的提高。T4处理的微生物多样性最低，表明过量的化肥施入降低了土壤微生物多样性。主坐标分析和热图分析结果表明，不同处理细菌群落结构、相对丰度和优势菌群发生了明显的变化。结论与单施化肥相比，合理的有机无机配施能够提高土壤细菌多样性、改善土壤细菌群落结构。减氮50%配施有机肥（T3）处理不仅减少了氮肥施用量，而且增加了土壤有益细菌的相对丰度和土壤细菌多样性，有利于土壤生物肥力的提高。
- 配施 /
- 化肥减量 /
- 细菌群落 /
- 多样性 /
- 高通量测序
Abstract: Objective Effects of combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers on the bacterial community in soil of banana plantations were studied. Method Various proportions of chemical fertilizer combined with an organic fertilizer, as well as all or reduced chemical fertilizer, were mixed in the soil from a banana plantation to determine the effect of the applications on the bacterial community in soil. The treatments included the uses of no fertilizer as control (T1), 25% chemical fertilizer (T2), 50% chemical fertilizer (T3), 100% chemical fertilizer (T4), and 50% reduced chemical fertilizer without organic fertilizer (T5). 16S rRNA genes of the bacteria were analyzed by Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. A bioinformatic analysis was performed to determine the structure, abundance, and diversity of the bacterial communities in soil under treatments. Result The OTUs of the T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 treatments were 30, 33, 31, 34, and 31, respectively. The proportion of beneficial bacteria in the soils varied by the treatments. The relative abundances of beneficial proteobacteria and acidobacteria were increased by the treatment of T3. The Shannon index of the bacteria in soil under different treatments ranked as T3＞T5＞T2＞T1＞T4. In comparison to T5, T3 improved and T2 reduced the soil bacterial diversity indicating a disadvantage of the reduced use of chemical fertilizer. However, the lowest diversity was observed under T4 which showed excessive chemical fertilization to be detrimental, nonetheless. The PCoA and heat map analyses revealed significant changes on the bacterial compositions, relative abundance, and beneficial bacteria in the soil by the treatments. Conclusion Comparing to the use of chemical fertilizer alone, appropriate combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers effectively improved the bacterial diversity and composition in soil. A 50% reduction of chemical fertilizer usage coupled with organic fertilizer (T3) could not only conserve the chemical fertilizer, but also enhance the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria and bacterial diversity resulting in an improved soil fertility.
- Combined fertilization /
- chemical fertilizer reduction /
- bacterial community /
- diversity /
- high-throughput sequencing

HTML全文

图 1 不同处理土壤细菌维恩图

Figure 1. Venn diagram of bacterial community in soil under treatments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同处理下土壤细菌在门水平上的群落结构

Figure 2. Bacterial community composition at phylum level in soil under treatments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同处理土壤细菌群落差异分析

Figure 3. Differences in bacteria community structure of soil under treatments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同处理土壤细菌群落门水平热图

Figure 4. Heatmap of bacteria community at phylum level in soil under treatments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同施肥处理下土壤主要细菌门的相对丰度

Table 1. Relative abundances of major bacterial phyla in soil under treatments

细菌种类Bacterial species	处理1 T1	处理2 T2	处理3 T3	处理4 T4	处理5 T5
变形杆菌门Proteobacteria	16.65	19.81	20.44	16.26	18.95
放线菌门Actinobacteria	15.78	18.75	16.44	19.09	18.17
绿弯菌门Chloroflexi	16.22	13.94	15.31	16.53	17.25
酸杆菌门Acidobacteria	11.72	12.73	16.09	15.03	13.23
厚壁菌门Firmicutes	14.61	12.14	12.09	12.39	12.64
浮霉菌门Planctomycetes	9.57	9.88	8.14	7.07	7.04
芽单胞菌门Gemmatimonadetes	2.05	2.52	1.90	1.78	2.00
拟杆菌门Bacteroidetes	2.62	2.31	1.23	1.08	1.14
疣微菌门Verrucomicrobia	3.94	1.35	1.03	0.74	0.54
糖细菌门Saccharibacteria	0.23	0.82	0.62	0.98	1.02

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同处理土壤细菌群落多样性指数

Table 2. Diversity index of bacteria in soil under treatments

处理Treatment	Shannon指数Shannon index	Simpson指数Simpson index	测序深度指数Sequencing depth index	OTU数量OTU number
处理1 T1	9.109	0.993	0.995	2559.000
处理2 T2	9.111	0.996	0.995	2341.333
处理3 T3	9.217	0.996	0.995	2467.000
处理4 T4	8.845	0.996	0.996	2181.667
处理5 T5	9.114	0.996	0.996	2379.333

下载: 导出CSV

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