云南松苗木萌蘖能力对氮、磷配施的响应规律

王雪; 汪梦婷; 杨振欣; 罗茜; 陈林; 唐军荣; 陈诗; 蔡年辉; 许玉兰; 王德新

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.01.006

云南松苗木萌蘖能力对氮、磷配施的响应规律

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.01.006

王雪^{1, 2,},
汪梦婷³,
杨振欣^{1, 2},
罗茜^{1, 2},
陈林^{1, 2},
唐军荣^{1, 2,},
陈诗^{1, 2},
蔡年辉^{1, 2},
许玉兰^{1, 2, ,},
王德新^{1, 2, ,}

1.
西南林业大学/西南地区生物多样性保育国家林业局重点实验室，云南　昆明　650224
2.
西南林业大学/西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室，云南　昆明　650224
3.
云南省昆明市西山区团结街道农林水与应急服务中心，云南　昆明　650118

基金项目: 云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才项目（YNWR-QNBJ-2019-075）；国家自然科学基金(31860203)；云南省研究生导师团队建设项目(2022-97)；西南林业大学第一批预研基金(01108-18200133)

详细信息

作者简介:
王雪（1997−），女，硕士研究生，主要从事林木遗传育种研究（E-mail：1334091850@qq.com）

通讯作者:
许玉兰（1979−），女，教授，主要从事林木遗传育种研究（E-mail：xvyulan@163.com）

王德新（1983−），男，讲师，主要从事林木遗传育种研究（E-mail: woshixin2007@126.com）

中图分类号: S 791.257
计量
- 文章访问数: 389
- HTML全文浏览量: 155
- PDF下载量: 40
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-06
- 录用日期: 2022-07-06
- 修回日期: 2022-09-17
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-28

Sprouting of Pinus yunnanensis Seedlings in Response to N/P Application

WANG Xue^{1, 2
,},
WANG Mengting³,
YANG Zhenxin^{1, 2},
LUO Xi^{1, 2},
CHEN Lin^{1, 2},
TANG Junrong^{1, 2
,},
CHEN Shi^{1, 2},
CAI Nianhui^{1, 2},
XU Yulan^{1, 2
, ,},
WANG Dexin^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan　650224, China
2.
Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan　650224, China
3.
Agriculture, Forestry, Water and Emergency Service Center, Tuanjie Street, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan　650118, China

摘要

摘要: 目的以1年生平茬后的云南松苗木为材料，研究不同氮、磷配施对云南松苗木的萌蘖能力的影响，并筛选最佳的氮磷配施用量。方法以1年生云南松苗木为研究对象，采用2因素3水平3×3回归设计，研究云南松苗木平茬后土壤氮、磷配施对云南松苗木萌蘖能力的影响。结果云南松苗木平茬后的萌蘖数量符合Logistic增长过程并不受氮、磷肥配施的影响；施用氮、磷肥可促进云南松苗木的萌蘖能力，可影响苗木第二次萌蘖的时间和高峰，且苗木萌蘖数量配施效果较单施好；云南松苗木萌蘖数量对氮、磷配施的响应规律符合二元二次回归方程，在施氮肥0.29 g·株⁻¹、磷肥1.02 g·株⁻¹时，苗木的萌蘖数量达到最大；施用氮、磷肥可促进云南松苗木潜在萌条和有效萌条生长，潜在萌条单施且单施磷肥效果比配施效果好，有效萌条在0.4 、0.8 g·株⁻¹的氮磷配合施用时效果更佳。结论氮磷配施比单施更利于萌蘖数量的增加，高磷处理有利于潜在萌条的生长，中等浓度的氮磷配合施用更有利于有效萌条的生长。
- 云南松 /
- 平茬 /
- 氮、磷配施 /
- 萌蘖能力
Abstract: Objective Effect of N and P fertilization on the sprouting of Pinus yunnanensis seedlings was studied. Methods One-year-old P. yunnanensis seedlings after coppicing were used in a two-factors-three-levels 3×3 regression experimentation to optimize the fertilization. Results The number of sprouts emerged from the seedlings after coppicing followed the logistic growth pattern independent of N/P application. However, the fertilization promoted the sprouting, altered the time and peak of second sprouting, and increased the sprout count more than when N or P was applied alone. The tillers responded to the N/P application in a binary quadratic regression function to reach the highest count with the input of 0.29 g of N and 1.02 g of P per plant. The combined N/P application enhanced the growth of both potential and effective sprouts on the seedlings, especially, on the effective sprouts, the best result was to use N at 0.4 g and P at 0.8 g·plant⁻¹. On the other hand, application of N or P alone exerted a greater effect than the combined one on the potential sprouts. Conclusion Combined N/P fertilization was more conducive to the increase of the number of sprouts on the seedlings than N or P fertilizer was applied alone. Although high P fertilization benefitted the growth of potential sprouts, when combined with N the application at a medium concentration encouraged the growth of effective sprouts.
- Pinus yunnanensis Franch /
- coppicing /
- N/P fertilization /
- sprouting ability

HTML全文

图 1 云南松苗木萌蘖数量随施肥时间的变化规律

Figure 1. Variation on sprout count of P. yunnanensis seedlings with fertilization time

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 月萌蘖数量随施肥时间的变化规律

Figure 2. Changes on monthly sprout count under fertilization

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 氮磷配施对不同长度云南松萌条数量的影响

不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著（P<0.05）。下同。

Figure 3. Effect of N/P application on number of P. yunnanensis sprout strips of varied lengths

Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05). Same for below.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同长度云南松苗木萌条数所占比例

Figure 4. Proportion of P. yunnanensis sprouts of varied lengths

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 云南松苗木氮磷配施试验方案

Table 1. Experimental design of N/P fertilization on P. yunnanensis seedlings

处理 Treatments	氮 Nitrogen/（g·株⁻¹）	磷 Phosphorus/（g·株⁻¹）
1	0	0
2	0	0.8
3	0	1.6
4	0.4	0
5	0.4	0.8
6	0.4	1.6
7	0.8	0
8	0.8	0.8
9	0.8	1.6

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 云南松苗木萌蘖数量动态Logistics模型拟合结果

Table 2. Fitting of dynamic logistic model on sprout count of P. yunnanensis seedlings

处理 Treatments	k	a	b	速生点 Fast growing point	R²	F	P
1	7.4812	31.9457	1.1009	29	0.9674	51.0781	0.0001
2	7.8076	12.1406	0.4798	25	0.9785	78.7141	0.0001
3	7.5055	5.7569	0.2226	26	0.9644	46.5785	0.0001
4	7.4650	3.8883	0.1423	27	0.9834	102.8884	0.0001
5	7.1678	6.2320	0.2362	26	0.9750	67.2761	0.0001
6	6.8361	141.6461	4.7373	30	0.9618	43.2031	0.0001
7	7.3449	571.8946	19.0795	30	0.9906	183.9769	0.0001
8	6.1220	64.3657	2.1641	30	0.9883	147.1938	0.0001
9	7.2148	149.5212	4.9989	30	0.9865	127.1308	0.0001

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 不同时间的云南松苗木萌蘖数量曲面方程

Table 3. Surface equation on sprout count of P. yunnanensis seedlings at different times

施肥时间 Fertilization time/d	曲面方程 Surface equation	R²	F	P
30	Y=3.888+9.963N+0.534P−17.013N²−0.244P²−0.124NP	0.173	2.293	0.045
60	Y=6.321+5.695N+0.299P−10.937N²+0.240P²−0.588NP+0.240P²−0.588NP	0.136	0.768	0.017
90	Y=6.598+1.321N+1.648P−0.461N²−0.321P²−4.112NP	0.176	2.293	0.045
180	Y=7.122+6.172N−0.205P−6.621N²+1.518P²−4.510NP	0.235	3.391	0.005
270	Y=4.989+7.050N+2.144P−6.210N²−0.790P²−4.175NP	0.217	2.445	0.035

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 云南松萌蘖数量在双因素影响下的理论产量

Table 4. Theoretical yield of P. yunnanensis sprouts affected by two factors

处理 Treatments	氮 Nitrogen/（g·株⁻¹）	磷 Phosphorus/（g·株⁻¹）	萌蘖数量 Number of tillers/条
处理 Treatments	氮 Nitrogen/（g·株⁻¹）	磷 Phosphorus/（g·株⁻¹）	30 d	60 d	90 d	180 d	270 d
1	0	0	3.89	6.32	6.60	7.12	4.99
2	0	0.8	4.16	6.71	7.71	7.93	6.20
3	0	1.6	4.12	7.41	8.41	10.68	6.40
4	0.4	0	5.15	6.85	7.05	8.53	6.82
5	0.4	0.8	5.38	7.05	6.85	7.90	6.69
6	0.4	1.6	5.30	7.57	6.24	9.20	5.55
7	0.8	0	0.97	3.88	7.36	7.82	6.65
8	0.8	0.8	1.16	3.89	5.84	5.74	5.19
9	0.8	1.6	1.04	4.22	3.91	5.61	2.72

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(28)

[1]	郑万均, 傅立国. 中国植物志. 第7卷[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1978: 203-281.
[2]	吴征镒, 朱彦承, 姜汉侨. 云南植被[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1987: 417-419.
[3]	金振州, 彭鉴. 云南松[M]. 昆明: 云南科技出版社, 2004: 154−155.
[4]	王世端. 平茬—培育优质苗木的重要措施 [J]. 中国花卉盆景, 1990(11):11. WANG S D. Flat stubble-an important measure to cultivate high-quality seedlings [J]. China Flower & Penjing, 1990(11): 11.(in Chinese)
[5]	鲁如坤. 我国土壤氮、磷、钾的基本状况 [J]. 土壤学报, 1989, 26(3):280−286. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0564-3929.1989.03.005 LU R K. General status of nutrients (N, P, K) in soils of China [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 1989, 26(3): 280−286.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0564-3929.1989.03.005
[6]	李洪娜, 许海港, 任饴华, 等. 不同施氮水平对矮化富士苹果幼树生长、氮素利用及内源激素含量的影响 [J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(5):1304−1311. doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0525 LI H N, XU H G, REN Y H, et al. Effect of different N application rates on plant growth, ¹⁵N-urea utilization and hormone content of dwarf apple trees [J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2015, 21(5): 1304−1311.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0525
[7]	李承东. 氮磷钾配比施肥对中国无忧花苗木生长及生理特性的影响[D]. 南宁: 广西大学, 2020. LI C D. Effects of combined fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the growth and physiological characteristics of Chinese worry-free flowers seedlings[D]. Nanning: Guangxi University, 2020. (in Chinese)
[8]	左永忠, 任宏忠, 刘滨, 等. 苗木施肥生理基础及优化施肥的研究 [J]. 河北林果研究, 1994, 9(S1):97−103. ZUO Y Z, REN H Z, LIU B, et al. Studies on rational fertilization of seedling and its physiological aspects [J]. Hebei Journal of Forestry and Orchard Research, 1994, 9(S1): 97−103.(in Chinese)
[9]	张跃敏, 李根前, 李莲芳, 等. 氮磷配施对云南松实生苗生长的效应 [J]. 西南林学院学报, 2009(3):5−10. ZHANG Y M, LI G Q, LI L F, et al. Fertilization effect of nitrogen combination with phosphorus on seedling growth of Pinus yunnanensis [J]. Journal of Southwest Forestry University, 2009(3): 5−10.(in Chinese)
[10]	王瑜, 车凤仙, 方芳, 等. 氮、磷叶面施肥对云南松苗木萌蘖的影响 [J]. 山西农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 41(6):41−48. WANG Y, CHE F X, FANG F, et al. Response of sprouting ability of Pinus yunnanensis seedlings to different rates of nitrogen and phospho-rus foliar fertilizer [J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 41(6): 41−48.(in Chinese)
[11]	李亚麒, 聂恺宏, 王军民, 等. 云南松苗木分化对生物量分配的影响 [J]. 山西农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 39(5):41−45. LI Y Q, NIE K H, WANG J M, et al. Effect of seedling differentiation of Pinus yunnanensis on biomass allocation [J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), 2019, 39(5): 41−45.(in Chinese)
[12]	张跃敏, 李根前, 李莲芳, 等. 氮磷配施对云南松实生苗生长的影响 [J]. 林业调查规划, 2009, 34(3):27−32. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-3168.2009.03.007 ZHANG Y M, LI G Q, LI L F, et al. Effect of combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth of Pinus yunnanensis seedlings [J]. Forest Inventory and Planning, 2009, 34(3): 27−32.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-3168.2009.03.007
[13]	刘君, 朱良其, 黑银秀, 等. 西兰花苗期生长模型的拟合和分析 [J]. 浙江农业学报, 2016, 28(12):2040−2046. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2016.12.12 LIU J, ZHU L Q, HEI Y X, et al. Growth model fitting and analysis of broccoli seedlings [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2016, 28(12): 2040−2046.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2016.12.12
[14]	马鄂超, 何江勇, 杨国江. 第四讲肥料效应田间试验设计 [J]. 新疆农垦科技, 2006, 29(2):58−60. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-361X.2006.02.038 MA E C, HE J Y, YANG G J. The fourth lecture is the field experiment design of fertilizer effect [J]. Xinjiang Farmland Reclamation Science & Technology, 2006, 29(2): 58−60.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-361X.2006.02.038
[15]	陈素传, 肖正东, 江朝宝, 等. 欧洲榛子平茬促萌试验 [J]. 安徽农业科学, 2000, 28(5):661. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2000.05.059 CHEN S C, XIAO Z D, JIANG C B, et al. The experiment in filbert germination [J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2000, 28(5): 661.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2000.05.059
[16]	陈沐, 曹敏, 林露湘. 木本植物萌生更新研究进展 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2007, 26(7):1114−1118. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4890.2007.07.026 CHEN M, CAO M, LIN L X. Research advances in regeneration of woody plants by sprouting [J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2007, 26(7): 1114−1118.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4890.2007.07.026
[17]	聂恺宏, 吉生丽, 邹旭, 等. 中国沙棘平茬萌蘖动态及其对种群结构的影响 [J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 40(4):804−813. NIE K H, JI S L, ZOU X, et al. Stump sprouting dynamics of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis and its effects on population structure [J]. Journal of Yunnan University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2018, 40(4): 804−813.(in Chinese)
[18]	胡建忠. 沙棘平茬后年生长节律及再生能力的研究 [J]. 沙棘, 1991(4):25−32. HU J Z. Study on the Growth Rhythm and regenerative ability of Hippophae rhamniodes stumping in Later Years [J]. Seabuckthorn Hippophae, 1991(4): 25−32.(in Chinese)
[19]	朱万泽, 王金锡, 罗成荣, 等. 森林萌生更新研究进展 [J]. 林业科学, 2007, 43(9):74−82. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2007.09.015 ZHU W Z, WANG J X, LUO C R, et al. Progresses of studies on forest sprout regeneration [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2007, 43(9): 74−82.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2007.09.015
[20]	冯辉, 王海洋, 张楠, 等. 森林木本植物萌蘖更新的研究进展 [J]. 贵州农业科学, 2011, 39(9):177−180,184. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2011.09.049 FENG H, WANG H Y, ZHANG N, et al. Research progress of sprout tiller regeneration of forest woody plants [J]. Guizhou Agricultural Sciences, 2011, 39(9): 177−180,184.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2011.09.049
[21]	杨珍平, 郝教敏, 苗果园. 黄土母质生土当年施肥对混作根际土壤生物活性及土壤营养的影响 [J]. 水土保持学报, 2010, 24(5):223−227,257. YANG Z P, HAO J M, MIAO G Y. Effect of immature loess subsoil fertilization in current year on rhizospheric soil biological activity and nutrient of mixture cropping [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2010, 24(5): 223−227,257.(in Chinese)
[22]	李博. 生态学[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2000.
[23]	焦亚鹏, 齐鹏, 王晓娇, 等. 氮磷配施对黄土高原旱作农业区典型农田土壤无机磷形态的影响 [J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(8):1459−1472. doi: 10.11674/zwyf.20063 JIAO Y P, QI P, WANG X J, et al. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on inorganic phosphorus forms of typical farmland soil in the dry farming area of the Loess Plateau [J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2020, 26(8): 1459−1472.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11674/zwyf.20063
[24]	陈磊, 郝明德, 张少民. 黄土高原长期施肥对小麦产量及肥料利用率的影响 [J]. 麦类作物学报, 2006, 26(5):101−105. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1041.2006.05.023 CHEN L, HAO M D, ZHANG S M. Effect of long-term application of fertilizer on wheat yield and fertilizer use efficiency in loess plateau [J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2006, 26(5): 101−105.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1041.2006.05.023
[25]	谷凌云, 和亚君, 李福秀. 不同水肥管理对川滇桤木萌条生长及热值的影响 [J]. 云南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2011, 26(5):683−688. GU L Y, HE Y J, LI F X. Effects on Growth and Heat Value of Alnus ferdinandi-coburgiiin Different Water and Fertilizer Managements [J]. Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University, 2011, 26(5): 683−688.(in Chinese)
[26]	王晓丽, 杨杰, 吴波, 等. 氮、磷配施对直干桉苗木生长和养分含量的影响 [J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 44(1):171−178. WANG X L, YANG J, WU B, et al. Effects of combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth and nutrient content of Eucalyptus maidenii seedlings [J]. Journal of Yunnan University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2022, 44(1): 171−178.(in Chinese)
[27]	付志高, 李莲芳, 王凯, 等. 缓释肥及氮和磷肥配施对滇油杉野生移栽苗木生长和生物量的影响 [J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2021, 39(2):212−219. doi: 10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2021.02.011 FU Z G, LI L F, WANG K, et al. Effects of slow-release fertilizer matching N and P fertilizer on growth and biomass for wild transplanted seedlings of Keteleeria evelyniana [J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2021, 39(2): 212−219.(in Chinese) doi: 10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2021.02.011
[28]	林国祚, 彭彦, 谢耀坚. 不同营养液下尾巨桉幼苗生长及生理特性的变化 [J]. 热带作物学报, 2012, 33(3):499−504. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2012.03.019 LIN G Z, PENG Y, XIE Y J. Growth and physiological characteristics changes of Eucalyptus urophylla × e. grandis seedlings in different nutrient solutions [J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2012, 33(3): 499−504.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2012.03.019