不同钝化剂对黄棕壤旱地严格管控类土壤镉的钝化效果

袁昌权; 周政; 龚思同; 付天岭; 何腾兵

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.01.011

不同钝化剂对黄棕壤旱地严格管控类土壤镉的钝化效果

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.01.011

袁昌权^1,,
周政¹,
龚思同²,
付天岭³,
何腾兵^{1, 3, ,}

1.
贵州大学农学院，贵州　贵阳　550025
2.
贵州大学资源与环境工程学院，贵州　贵阳　550025
3.
贵州大学新农村发展研究院，贵州　贵阳　550025

基金项目: 贵州省科技厅科技基础条件平台项目（黔科合平台人才〔2019〕5701号）；贵州省科技支撑计划项目（黔科合支撑〔2019〕2846号）

详细信息

作者简介:
袁昌权（1997−），男，硕士研究生，研究方向：土壤重金属修复研究（E-mail：ycq456@qq.com）

通讯作者:
何腾兵（1963−），男，博士，教授，研究方向：土壤学和环境科学研究（E-mail：hetengbing@163.com）

中图分类号: X 53
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-28
- 录用日期: 2022-07-28
- 修回日期: 2022-10-19
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-06
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-28

Cadmium Decontamination of Polluted Yellow-brown Dryland Soil by Passivator

1.
College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou　550025, China
2.
School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, GuizhouUniversity, Guiyang, Guizhou　550025, China
3.
New Rural Development Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou　550025, China

摘要

摘要: 目的研究施用不同钝化剂对黄棕壤旱地严格管控类土Cd的钝化效果，为以土壤类型划分的Cd污染土壤钝化修复提供理论参考。方法采用室内培养试验法，以贵州典型Cd超标黄棕壤为研究对象，将牛粪（NF）、玉米生物炭（SWT）、石灰（SH）、磷灰石（LHS）、膨润土（PRT）、方解石（FJS）、海泡石（HPS）、巨大芽孢杆菌（JDYB）和胶质芽孢杆菌（JZYB）作为钝化剂，通过室内培养70 d后，分析其土壤理化性质（pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾）、Cd全量和有效态Cd含量的变化特征。结果（1）施用不同钝化剂均提高土壤pH 0.03～0.88，其中SH处理的土壤pH增幅最大，达14.94%。除SH、PRT、FJS和HPS会降低土壤有机质含量外，其他钝化剂均能有效增加土壤有机质含量，其中NF增加土壤有机质含量的幅度最大（31%）。相对其他钝化剂，NF对土壤速效养分（碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾）含量增加效果最好，分别增幅25.16%、31.89%和65.11%。（2）施用FJS会提高土壤Cd含量，而其他钝化剂均能降低土壤Cd含量0.1～0.26 mg·kg⁻¹，其中LHS和HPS对土壤Cd含量的降低效果最好。（3）与对照相比，SH降低土壤有效态Cd含量的幅度最大（30.56%），而不同钝化剂对土壤Cd的钝化效果分别表现为SH（36%）＞LHS（35%）＞SWT（28%）＞NF（26%）＞FJS（23%）＞PRT（22%）＞JDYB（20%）＞HPS（18%）＞JZYB（14%）。结论 NF对黄棕壤中的养分指标提升效果最好，而SH对黄棕壤Cd的钝化效果最为理想。
- 钝化剂 /
- 黄棕壤 /
- 镉 /
- 钝化效果 /
- 理化性质
Abstract: Objective Passivator were applied on cadmium-contaminated yellow-brown dryland soil to determine the antipollution efficiency. Method In an indoor culture experiment, a typical Cd-contaminated soil collected from a strictly controlled yellow-brown dryland in Guizhou was treated with cow manure (NF), corn biochar (SWT), lime (SH), apatite (LHS), bentonite (PRT), calcite (FJS), sepiolite (HPS), Bacillus megaterium (JDYB), or B. glialis (JZYB) as the deactivation agents. After 70 d of the treatments, the soils were tested for pH, organic matters, alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen, effective variation characteristics of phosphorus and available potassium, as well as total and available Cd. Result (1) The various agents raised the soil pH by 0.03–0.88 with the greatest 14.94% increase induced by SH. And all of them, aside from SH, PRT, FJS, and HPS, significantly raised the organic matter content with the greatest increase of 31% over control by NF. NF also exerted the most increases on the available nutrients, such as 25.16% on alkaline-hydrolysable nitrogen , 31.89% on available phosphorus and 65.11% on available potassium. (2) FJS escalated the Cd in soil, but all other deactivation agents reduced the content by 0.1–0.26 mg·kg⁻¹, with LHS and HPS rendering the largest reduction. (3) Compared to the control, SH reduced the available Cd most by 30.56%. The efficacies of the tested agents ranked SH (36%)＞LHS (35%)＞SWT (28%)＞NF (26%)＞FJS (23%)＞PRT (22%)＞JDYB (20%)＞HPS (18%)＞JZYB (14%). Conclusion Among the deactivation agents studied, NF exhibited the greatest improvement on the nutrient indices of the yellow-brown dryland soil and SH on Cd mitigation.
- passivator /
- yellow-brown soil /
- cadmium /
- decontamination effect /
- physiochemical properties

HTML全文

图 1 不同钝化剂对黄棕壤理化性质的影响

不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著（P＜0.05），下同。

Figure 1. Effects of passivators on physicochemical properties of yellow-brown soil

Data with different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (P＜0.05). Same for below.

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图 2 不同钝化剂对黄棕壤Cd全量的影响

Figure 2. Effects of passivators on Cd in yellow-brown soil

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同钝化剂对黄棕壤DTPA-Cd及Cd钝化效果的影响

Figure 3. Effects of passivators on decontaminating DTPA-Cd and total Cd in yellow-brown soil

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表 1 不同钝化剂基本信息

Table 1. Basic information on passivator tested

钝化剂 Passivator	主要成分 Main ingredient	pH值 pH value
牛粪 Cow dung (NF)	有机质≥13.50% Organic matter≥13.50%	7.80
生物炭 Biochar（SWT）	玉米生物炭 Corn biochar	7.77
石灰 Lime（SH）	CaO≥56.03%	12.38
磷灰石 Apatite（LHS）	P₂O₃≥42.06%	7.62
膨润土 Bentonite（PRT）	SiO₂≥66.7%； Al₂O₃≥28.3%	8.83
方解石 Calcite（FJS）	CaO≥56.03%	8.90
海泡石 Sepiolite（HPS）	SiO₂≥55.65%； MgO≥24.89%	7.69
巨大芽孢杆菌 Bacillus megaterium（JDYB）	有效活菌数1×10¹⁰cfu·g⁻¹ Viable bacteria 1×10¹⁰cfu·g⁻¹	6.89
胶质芽胞杆菌 Bacillus glialis（JZYB）	有效活菌数1×10¹⁰cfu·g⁻¹ Viable bacteria 1×10¹⁰cfu·g⁻¹	6.79

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表 2 土壤理化指标与土壤Cd活性的相关性

Table 2. Correlation between physicochemical indices and Cd activity in soil

指标 Index	土壤Cd含量 Soil Cd content	土壤有效态Cd Soil available Cd	Cd钝化率 Cd passivation rate
pH	−0.317	−0.650*	0.41
有机质 Organic matter	−0.04	0.221	−0.068
碱解氮 Alkaline hydrolyzed Nitrogen	0.005	0.105	0.120
有效磷 Available phosphorus	−0.336	−0.755*	0.609
速效钾 Available potassium	−0.411	−0.246	0.057
表示显著相关。 means significant correlation.

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