新疆裸重唇鱼仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定

张涛; 牛建功; 蔡林钢; 曹文芝; 沙文军; 王小渝

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.10.008

新疆裸重唇鱼仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.10.008

1.
新疆维吾尔自治区水产科学研究所/农业农村部西北地区渔业资源环境科学观测实验站，新疆　乌鲁木齐　830000
2.
新疆师范大学，新疆　乌鲁木齐　830000
3.
国家能源集团新疆吉林台水电开发有限公司，新疆　伊犁　835000

基金项目: 新疆重点研发任务专项（2022B02006）；新疆自然科学基金项目（2023D01A114）；新疆“三农”骨干人才培养项目（2022SNGGCY0）

详细信息

作者简介:
张涛（1992 —），男，硕士，工程师，主要从事水产动物增养殖与水环境监测相关研究，E-mail：872799786@qq.com

通讯作者:
曹文芝（1988 —），女，讲师，主要从事鱼类免疫学及增养殖学相关研究，E-mail：481113613@qq.com

中图分类号: S961
计量
- 文章访问数: 240
- HTML全文浏览量: 159
- PDF下载量: 48
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-14
- 修回日期: 2023-03-13
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-28

Tolerance and PNR of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii Larvae under Artificial Starvations

1.
Institute of Fishery Research of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/Fishery Research and Experimental Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi, Xinjiang　830000, China
2.
Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang　830000, China
3.
National Energy Group Xinjiang Jilintai Hydropower Development Co., Ltd., Yili, Xinjiang　835000, China

摘要

摘要: 目的研究新疆裸重唇鱼（Gymnodiptychus dybowskii）仔鱼的饥饿耐受能力及最佳投喂时间，为其仔鱼培育提供理论参考。方法采用试验生态学方法，在水温15.2~16.4℃条件下，研究新疆裸重唇鱼仔鱼在饥饿胁迫下的形态发育、生长及存活率等的变化，通过记录饥饿组仔鱼每日的初次摄食率，测定其不可逆点（Point of no return，PNR）。结果新疆裸重唇鱼仔鱼7日龄开口摄食， 12~13日龄卵黄囊消失，混合营养期5~6 d。仔鱼开口时初次摄食率仅为5%，11日龄达到初次摄食率的最大值100%；17日龄后下降至50%，到达PNR，仔鱼具有初次摄食能力的时间为10 d。9日龄前，两组仔鱼全长无显著差异（P＞0.05），12日龄后饥饿组仔鱼全长与对照组有显著差异（P＜0.05），饥饿组仔鱼负增长并出现生理性萎缩。饥饿组仔鱼进入PNR后，因饥饿出现身体扭曲、畸形，死亡率逐渐升高，至25日龄死亡率达100%。结论在水温15.2~16.4℃下，新疆裸重唇鱼具有一定的耐受饥饿能力，其仔鱼最佳投喂时间为11日龄。
- 新疆裸重唇鱼 /
- 仔鱼 /
- 饥饿 /
- 不可逆点
Abstract: Objective Starvation tolerance of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii larvae was studied to determine the optimal time to start feeding larvae for the aquaculture. Method Morphological development, growth, and survival rate of regularly fed G. dybowskii larvae and those under artificially imposed starvation were observed in separate fish tanks with a controlled water temperature at 15.2–16.4 ℃. The point of no return (PNR) under starvation of the larvae was determined by the percentage of the stressed fish that took daily feed initially. Result The normal mixed nutrition for the larvae lasted 5–6 d. In general, on the 7^th day after hatching the larvae started natural feeding, and their yolk sac disappeared in 12–13 d. Approximately 5% of the larvae began to feed at the time of feeding initiation stage. The percentage of larvae started feeding reached 100% on the 11^th day but was 50% at PNR after 17 d when deprived of food. Normally, it lasted for 10 d for the larva beginning to take the initial morsel of food. There was no significant difference found in the total length of the larvae fed regularly and under the starvation treatment up until the age of 9 d (P＞0.05). However, at 12-day-old, the two groups of larvae began to significantly widen the differentiation in body length (P＜0.05), and the starved fish started to show negative growth with physiological atrophy. After PNR, body distortion and deformities appeared on the starved larvae with the mortality rate gradually rising to 100% 25 d after hatching. Conclusion In a water of 15.2-16.4 ℃, G. dybowskii larvae displayed a tolerance to starvation with an apparent PNR. It showed that the optimal start time for feeding the larvae was 11 d after hatching.
- Gymnodiptychus dybowskii /
- larvae /
- starvation /
- point of no return

HTML全文

图 1 饥饿对新疆裸重唇鱼仔鱼生长发育的影响

a：孵化前期；b：初孵仔鱼；c：6日龄仔鱼；d：12日龄饥饿组仔鱼；e：18日龄饥饿组仔鱼；f：24日龄饥饿组仔鱼；g：12日龄对照组仔鱼；h：18日龄对照组仔鱼；i：24日龄对照组仔鱼。

Figure 1. Effect of starvation on growth and development of G. dybowskii larvae

a: Prehatching stage; b: newly hatched larvae; c: 6-day-old larvae; d: 12-day-old larvae under starvation stress; e: 18-day-old larvae under starvation stress; f: 24-day-old larvae under starvation stress; g: 12-day-old larvae in control group; h: 18-day-old larvae in control group; i: 24-day-old larvae in control group.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 仔鱼全长的变化

Figure 2. Changes on total body length of larvae

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 仔鱼初次摄食率的变化

Figure 3. Changes on initial feeding rate of larvae

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 对照组和饥饿组仔鱼存活情况

Figure 4. Changes on survival rates of larvae in control and treatment groups

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 仔鱼卵黄囊测量数据

Table 1. Measurement on yolk sac of larvae

日龄 Days post hatching/d	卵黄囊长径 Length of yolk sac/mm		卵黄囊短径 Short of yolk sac/mm		卵黄囊体积 Volume of yolk sac/mm³
日龄 Days post hatching/d	对照组 Control group	饥饿组 Starved group	对照组 Control group	饥饿组 Starved group	对照组 Control group	饥饿组 Starved group
0	6.79±0.25	6.79±0.25	1.49±0.09	1.49±0.09	7.8930±0.0595	7.8930±0.0595
1	6.34±0.24	6.35±0.21	1.41±0.08	1.41±0.06	6.5997±0.0011	6.6101±0.0008
2	6.23±0.20	6.22±0.21	1.38±0.07	1.39±0.07	6.2122±0.0004	6.2924±0.0005
3	6.10±0.19	6.11±0.17	1.32±0.08	1.33±0.07	5.5651±0.0005	5.6590±0.0006
4	6.07±0.18	6.06±0.17	1.08±0.04	1.07±0.06	3.7071±0.0004	3.6328±0.0002
5	6.01±0.17	6.01±0.16	0.97±0.05	0.98±0.06	2.9609±0.0003	3.0222±0.0002
6	5.91±0.15	5.92±0.16	0.85±0.04	0.84±0.05	2.2358±0.0003	2.1872±0.0002
7	5.83±0.16	5.84±0.14	0.72±0.03	0.71±0.02	1.5825±0.0001	1.5414
8	5.72±0.15	5.82±0.17	0.66±0.02	0.69±0.03	1.3046	1.4508±0.0001
9	5.51±0.17	5.66±0.15	0.59±0.02	0.63±0.03	1.0043	1.1762±0.0001
10	4.21±0.10 b	4.77±0.12 a	0.44±0.02 b	0.52±0.02 a	0.4268 b	0.6753 a
11	2.11±0.08 b	3.21±0.11 a	0.35±0.02 b	0.42±0.02 a	0.1353 b	0.2965 a
12	0 b	1.56±0.04 a	0 b	0.27±0.01 a	0 b	0.0595 a
13	0	0	0	0	0	0
表中数值为平均值±标准差；不同字母表示组间差异显著（P＜0. 05），下同。 Data are $\bar{X} \pm S D $; those with different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at P＜0. 05. Same for below.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 饥饿对仔鱼生长的影响

Table 2. Effect of starvation on growth of larvae

日龄 Days post hatching/d	对照组 Control group				饥饿组 Starved group
	仔鱼全长 Total length of larvae			特定生长率 SGR/（%·d⁻¹）	仔鱼全长 Total length of larvae			特定生长率 SGR/（%·d⁻¹）
	范围 Range/mm	平均值±标准差 $\bar{X} \pm S D $/mm	差异系数 CV/%	特定生长率 SGR/（%·d⁻¹）	范围 Range/mm	平均值±标准差 $\bar{X} \pm S D $/mm	差异系数 CV/%	特定生长率 SGR/（%·d⁻¹）
0	9.89～9.99	9.94±0.03	0.27	0	9.89～9.99	9.94±0.03	0.27	0
1	9.95～10.56	10.38±0.13	1.72	4.33	9.99～10.72	10.41±0.15	1.84	4.62
2	10.38～11.34	11.04±0.24	2.24	5.25	10.58～11.44	11.07±0.25	2.35	5.38
3	10.99～12.01	11.72±0.31	2.67	5.49	11.56～11.97	11.81±0.27	2.29	5.75
4	11.44～12.41	12.07±0.29	2.64	4.85	11.68～12.54	12.13±0.28	2.47	4.98
5	11.98～12.85	12.42±0.31	2.70	4.45	11.97～12.83	12.36±0.34	2.64	4.36
6	12.12～13.12	12.78±0.35	2.72	4.19	12.12～13.18	12.83±0.37	2.85	4.25
7	12.32～13.29	12.92±0.34	2.56	3.75	12.41～13.31	12.98±0.33	2.45	3.81
8	12.65～13.51	13.17±0.28	2.42	3.52	12.69～13.49	13.19±0.35	2.25	3.54
9	12.86～13.68	13.36±0.31	2.33	3.29	12.84～13.73	13.40±0.29	2.13	3.32
10	13.06～13.56	13.41±0.27	2.08	2.99	12.89～13.86	13.42±0.28	2.03	3.00
11	13.41～14.06	13.84±0.26	1.91	3.01	12.83～13.91	13.52±0.24	1.86	2.80
12	13.79～14.47	14.17±0.23 a	1.60	2.95	12.80～13.58	13.30±0.22 b	1.67	2.43
13	13.84～14.73	14.33±0.32 a	1.96	2.81	12.77～13.53	13.16±0.27 b	1.83	2.16
14	13.90～14.98	14.49±0.37 a	2.36	2.69	12.69～13.49	13.12±0.24 b	1.92	1.98
15	13.98～15.13	14.69±0.39 a	2.64	2.60	12.62～13.47	13.07±0.26 b	1.99	1.83
16	14.34～15.74	15.22±0.37 a	2.66	2.66	12.54～13.41	12.96±0.28 b	2.24	1.66
17	15.25～16.19	15.87±0.35 a	2.16	2.75	12.48～13.37	12.91±0.30 b	2.31	1.54
18	15.83～16.71	16.34±0.28 a	1.70	2.76	12.43～13.32	12.79±0.29 b	2.26	1.40
19	16.19～17.06	16.79±0.36 a	1.85	2.76	12.39～13.30	12.83±0.31 b	2.32	1.34
20	16.62～17.49	17.25±0.35 a	1.89	2.76	12.35～13.28	12.85±0.28 b	2.36	1.28
21	17.02～17.96	17.61±0.38 a	2.14	2.72	12.32～13.25	12.88±0.33 b	2.53	1.23
22	17.24～18.17	17.82±0.41 a	1.95	2.65	12.32～13.22	12.86±0.32 b	2.19	1.17
23	17.37～18.29	18.03±0.35 a	1.73	2.59	12.31～13.19	12.83±0.30 b	2.21	1.11
24	17.59～18.52	18.19±0.29 a	1.60	2.52	12.30～13.16	12.80±0.27 b	2.15	1.05

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(44)

[1]	郭焱. 新疆鱼类志[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆科学技术出版社, 2012: 128–130.
[2]	牛玉娟, 任道全, 陈生熬, 等. 伊犁河三支流新疆裸重唇鱼的生长特性研究 [J]. 水生态学杂志, 2015, 36(6):59−65. doi: 10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.06.009 NIU Y J, REN D Q, CHEN S A, et al. Growth characteristics of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii Kessler in three tributaries of the Ili River in Xinjiang, China [J]. Journal of Hydroecology, 2015, 36(6): 59−65.(in Chinese) doi: 10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.06.009
[3]	殷名称. 鱼类早期生活史研究与其进展 [J]. 水产学报, 1991, 15(4):348−358. YIN M C. Advances and studies on early life history of fish [J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 1991, 15(4): 348−358.(in Chinese)
[4]	骆小年, 李军, 刘刚, 等. 鸭绿江水系唇胚胎发育、仔鱼饥饿及其不可逆点 [J]. 中国水产科学, 2011, 18(6):1278−1285. LUO X N, LI J, LIU G, et al. Embryonic development, experimental starvation, and the point of no return of Hemibarbus labeo(Pallas) in YaLu River [J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2011, 18(6): 1278−1285.(in Chinese)
[5]	高小强, 洪磊, 刘志峰, 等. 美洲西鲱仔鱼不可逆点及仔、稚鱼摄食特性研究 [J]. 水产学报, 2015, 39(3):392−400. GAO X Q, HONG L, LIU Z F, et al. The definition of point of no return of larvae and feeding characteristics of Alosa sapidissima larvae and juveniles [J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2015, 39(3): 392−400.(in Chinese)
[6]	SHAN X J, HUANG W, CAO L, et al. Advances in studies of the effects of starvation on growth and development of fish larvae [J]. Journal of Ocean University of China, 2008, 7(3): 319−326. doi: 10.1007/s11802-008-0319-3
[7]	YÚFERA M, PASCUAL E, POLO A, et al. Effect of starvation on the feeding ability of gilthead seabream (Spams aurata L. ) larvae at first feeding [J]. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 1993, 169(2): 259−272. doi: 10.1016/0022-0981(93)90196-U
[8]	DOU S Z, MASUDA R, TANAKA M, et al. Effects of temperature and delayed initial feeding on the survival and growth of Japanese flounder larvae [J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 2005, 66(2): 362−377. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00601.x
[9]	蔡林钢, 牛建功, 李红, 等. 巩乃斯河新疆裸重唇鱼和斑重唇鱼产卵场微环境研究 [J]. 干旱区研究, 2013, 30(1):144−148. doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2013.01.013 CAI L G, NIU J G, LI H, et al. Study on micro-environment at the spawning fields of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii and Diptychus maculates in the Kunes River [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2013, 30(1): 144−148.(in Chinese) doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2013.01.013
[10]	牛建功, 张涛, 刘鸿, 等. 新疆裸重唇鱼胚胎及早期仔鱼发育的形态观察 [J]. 水产学杂志, 2019, 32(1):1−6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-3832.2019.01.001 NIU J G, ZHANG T, LIU H, et al. Morphological observation of embryonic and early larval development of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii [J]. Chinese Journal of Fisheries, 2019, 32(1): 1−6.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-3832.2019.01.001
[11]	王新月, 任道全, 马良, 等. 开都河新疆裸重唇鱼生物学特性 [J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(2):375−382. WANG X Y, REN D Q, MA L, et al. Biology on Gymnodiptychus dybowskii in Kaidu River [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(2): 375−382.(in Chinese)
[12]	张文润, 郝翠兰, 容梦婕, 等. 伊犁河流域新疆裸重唇鱼寄生三代虫的感染情况及空间分布 [J]. 淡水渔业, 2021, 51(3):35−40. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6907.2021.03.005 ZHANG W R, HAO C L, RONG M J, et al. Infection and spatial distribution of parasitic Gyrodactylus in Gymnodiptychus dybowskii in the Ili River Basin [J]. Freshwater Fisheries, 2021, 51(3): 35−40.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6907.2021.03.005
[13]	王吉桥, 赵兴文. 鱼类增养殖学[M]. 大连: 大连理工大学出版社, 2000: 188.
[14]	BLAXTER J H S, HEMPEL G. The influence of egg size on herring larvae (Clupea harengus L. ) [J]. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 1963, 28(2): 211−240. doi: 10.1093/icesjms/28.2.211
[15]	李艳秋, 姜志强, 孙阳, 等. 太平洋鳕仔鱼饥饿实验及不可逆生长点的确定 [J]. 生态学报, 2014, 34(14):3873−3878. LI Y Q, JIANG Z Q, SUN Y, et al. Experimental starvation on Gadus macrocephalus and definition of the point of no return [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2014, 34(14): 3873−3878.(in Chinese)
[16]	陈淑吟, 张志勇, 许津, 等. 黑鲷(♀)×真鲷(♂)杂交子二代仔鱼早期发育及饥饿不可逆点 [J]. 南方水产科学, 2018, 14(4):122−128. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0780.2018.04.015 CHEN S Y, ZHANG Z Y, XU J, et al. Study on larval early development and point of no return of hybrid F₂ of Acanthopagrus schiegelii(♀) × Pagrus major(♂) [J]. South China Fisheries Science, 2018, 14(4): 122−128.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0780.2018.04.015
[17]	李强, 李孟均, 周传江, 等. 饥饿对白甲鱼(Onychostoma Sima)仔鱼摄食、生长的影响 [J]. 淡水渔业, 2009, 39(5):32−37. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6907.2009.05.007 LI Q, LI M J, ZHOU C J, et al. Effects of starvation on feeding and growth of the larvae of Onychostoma Sima [J]. Freshwater Fisheries, 2009, 39(5): 32−37.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6907.2009.05.007
[18]	张建明, 姚金忠, 姜伟, 等. 鲈鲤仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆生长点的确定 [J]. 南方农业学报, 2020, 51(10):2565−2572. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2020.10.030 ZHANG J M, YAO J Z, JIANG W, et al. Experimental starvation on Percocypris pingi larvae and determination of the point of no return [J]. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2020, 51(10): 2565−2572.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2020.10.030
[19]	杨育凯, 虞为, 林黑着, 等. 豹纹鳃棘鲈仔鱼饥饿实验和不可逆点研究 [J]. 南方水产科学, 2017, 13(6):90−96. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0780.2017.06.011 YANG Y K, YU W, LIN H Z, et al. Experimental starvation of Plectropomus leopardus larvae and study of point of no return [J]. South China Fisheries Science, 2017, 13(6): 90−96.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0780.2017.06.011
[20]	杨育凯, 林黑着, 王志勇, 等. 黑棘鲷仔鱼饥饿实验及不可逆点的确定 [J]. 渔业科学进展, 2020, 41(2):87−94. doi: 10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20190104001 YANG Y K, LIN H Z, WANG Z Y, et al. Experimental starvation of Acanthopagrus schlegelii larvae, and definition of the point of no return [J]. Progress in Fishery Sciences, 2020, 41(2): 87−94.(in Chinese) doi: 10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20190104001
[21]	张永泉, 尹家胜, 杜佳, 等. 哲罗鱼仔鱼饥饿实验及不可逆生长点的确定 [J]. 水生生物学报, 2009, 33(5):945−950. ZHANG Y Q, YIN J S, DU J, et al. Experimental starvation on Hucho taimen and definition of the point of no return [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2009, 33(5): 945−950.(in Chinese)
[22]	HANSEN T, MØLLER D. Yolk absorption, yolk sac constrictions, mortality, and growth during first feeding of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) incubated on astro-turf [J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1985, 42: 1073−1078. doi: 10.1139/f85-133
[23]	秦志清. 黑莓鲈(Pomoxis nigromacufatus)仔鱼饥饿试验及PNR的确定 [J]. 福建农业学报, 2014, 29(12):1167−1173. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.12.004 QIN Z Q. Experimental starvation on Pomoxis nigromacufatus larvae and definition of the point of no return [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 29(12): 1167−1173.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0384.2014.12.004
[24]	彭志兰, 柳敏海, 罗海忠, 等. 条石鲷仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定 [J]. 水产科学, 2010, 29(3):152−155. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1111.2010.03.006 PENG Z L, LIU M H, LUO H Z, et al. Starvation and point of No return in striped knifejaw Oplegnathus fasciatus larvae [J]. Fisheries Science, 2010, 29(3): 152−155.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1111.2010.03.006
[25]	邱成功, 徐善良, 林少珍, 等. 延迟投喂对褐菖鲉仔鱼存活和生长的影响 [J]. 宁波大学学报(理工版), 2014, 27(3):7−11. QIU C G, XU S L, LIN S Z, et al. Effects of delayed feeding on survival and growth of Sebastiscus marmoratus larva [J]. Journal of Ningbo University (Natural Science & Engineering Edition), 2014, 27(3): 7−11.(in Chinese)
[26]	宋勇, 江志香, 马卓勋, 等. 叶尔羌高原鳅仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定 [J]. 水生态学杂志, 2019, 40(2):102−107. doi: 10.15928/j.1674-3075.2019.02.015 SONG Y, JIANG Z X, MA Z X, et al. Starvation experiment on Triplophysa yarkandensis larvae and determination of the point of no return (PNR) [J]. Journal of Hydroecology, 2019, 40(2): 102−107.(in Chinese) doi: 10.15928/j.1674-3075.2019.02.015
[27]	菅玉霞, 房慧, 张少春, 等. 大泷六线鱼仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的研究 [J]. 海洋科学, 2014, 38(3):111−115. doi: 10.11759/hykx20121126001 JIAN Y X, FANG H, ZHANG S C, et al. Starvation and no return point study of Hexagrammos otakii Jordan et Starks larvae [J]. Marine Sciences, 2014, 38(3): 111−115.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11759/hykx20121126001
[28]	单秀娟, 窦硕增. 饥饿胁迫条件下黑鮸(Miichthys miiuy)仔鱼的生长与存活过程研究 [J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2008, 39(1):14−23. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0029-814X.2008.01.003 SHAN X J, DOU S Z. Effects of delayed first feeding on growth, survival and biochemical composition of croaker Miichthys miiuy larvae [J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2008, 39(1): 14−23.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0029-814X.2008.01.003
[29]	张建明. 齐口裂腹鱼仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆生长点的确定 [J]. 水产科学, 2020, 39(4):532−538. doi: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.04.009 ZHANG J M. Starvation and determination of point of no return in Schizothorax prenanti larvae [J]. Fisheries Science, 2020, 39(4): 532−538.(in Chinese) doi: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2020.04.009
[30]	殷名称. 鱼类仔鱼期的摄食和生长 [J]. 水产学报, 1995, 19(4):335−342. YIN M C. Feeding and growth of the larva stage. of fish [J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 1995, 19(4): 335−342.(in Chinese)
[31]	许郑超, 王国成, 刘青, 等. 金鲫仔鱼的饥饿实验和不可逆点研究 [J]. 水产养殖, 2015, 36(4):14−19. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2091.2015.04.003 XU Z C, WANG G C, LIU Q, et al. Experimental starvation on Gold Crucian Carp larvae and determination of the point of no return [J]. Journal of Aquaculture, 2015, 36(4): 14−19.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2091.2015.04.003
[32]	王晓龙, 温海深, 张美昭, 等. 花鲈初孵仔鱼饥饿不可逆点的确定及摄食节律研究 [J]. 中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 47(5):57−64. doi: 10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20160100 WANG X L, WEN H S, ZHANG M Z, et al. Determination of irreversible starvation point and feeding rhythm of Lateolabrax maculatus larvae [J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2017, 47(5): 57−64.(in Chinese) doi: 10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20160100
[33]	秦志清. 饥饿对半刺厚唇鱼(Acrossocheilius hemispinus)仔鱼早期发育的主要影响 [J]. 集美大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 20(4):241−248. QIN Z Q. Effects of starvation on feeding, growth, survival and development of Acrossocheilius hemispinus larvae [J]. Journal of Jimei University (Natural Science), 2015, 20(4): 241−248.(in Chinese)
[34]	梁银铨, 陈静, 方艳红, 等. 延迟初次摄食对长薄鳅仔鱼的影响 [J]. 淡水渔业, 2015, 45(2):107−110. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6907.2015.02.019 LIANG Y Q, CHEN J, FANG Y H, et al. Effects of delayed initial feeding on Leptobotia elongata larvae [J]. Freshwater Fisheries, 2015, 45(2): 107−110.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6907.2015.02.019
[35]	黄海, 杨宁, 张希. 马拉瓜丽体鱼仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定 [J]. 南方水产科学, 2012, 8(2):43−50. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0780.2012.02.007 HUANG H, YANG N, ZHANG X. Experimental starvation on Cichlasoma managuense larvae and determination of point of no return [J]. South China Fisheries Science, 2012, 8(2): 43−50.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0780.2012.02.007
[36]	殷名称. 鲢、鳙、草鱼、银鲫卵黄囊仔鱼的摄食生长、耐饥饿能力[C]//鱼类学论文集(第六辑). 北京: 科学出版社, 1997: 69-79.
[37]	李彩娟, 许郑超, 张振早, 等. 赤眼鳟仔鱼饥饿试验和不可逆点研究 [J]. 扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2016, 37(3):65−70. doi: 10.16872/j.cnki.1671-4652.2016.03.013 LI C J, XU Z C, ZHANG Z Z, et al. Starvation and point of no return of Squaliobarbus curriculus larvae [J]. Journal of Yangzhou University (Agricultural and Life Science Edition), 2016, 37(3): 65−70.(in Chinese) doi: 10.16872/j.cnki.1671-4652.2016.03.013
[38]	庄平, 章龙珍, 张涛, 等. 中华鲟仔鱼初次摄食时间与存活及生长的关系 [J]. 水生生物学报, 1999, 23(6):560−565. ZHUANG P, ZHANG L Z, ZHANG T, et al. Effects of delaying first feeding time on the survival and growth of larval Chinese sturgeon, Acipenser sinensis [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 1999, 23(6): 560−565.(in Chinese)
[39]	DOU S Z, MASUDA R, TANAKA M, et al. Feeding resumption, morphological changes and mortality during starvation in Japanese flounder larvae [J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 2002, 60: 1363−1380. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb02432.x
[40]	陈国柱, 方展强. 饥饿对唐鱼仔鱼摄食和生长的影响 [J]. 动物学杂志, 2007, 42(5):49−61. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0250-3263.2007.05.008 CHEN G Z, FANG Z Q. Effects of starvation on feeding and growth of the larvae of Tanichthys albonubes [J]. Chinese Journal of Zoology, 2007, 42(5): 49−61.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0250-3263.2007.05.008
[41]	王万良, 王建银, 周建设, 等. 饥饿和恢复投喂对亚东鲑幼鱼的补偿生长 [J]. 水产科学, 2018, 37(1):100−104. doi: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2018.01.015 WANG W L, WANG J Y, ZHOU J S, et al. Compensatory growth of juvenile brown trout Salmo trutta by starvation and recovery feeding [J]. Fisheries Science, 2018, 37(1): 100−104.(in Chinese) doi: 10.16378/j.cnki.1003-1111.2018.01.015
[42]	叶忠平, 吕业坚, 林岗. 细鳞斜颌鲴仔鱼饥饿试验与不可逆点的确定 [J]. 南方农业学报, 2012, 43(4):536−539. doi: 10.3969/j:issn.2095-1191.2012.04.536 YE Z P, LÜ Y J, LIN G. Experiments on starvation of Plagiognathops microlepis larvae and its PNR determination [J]. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2012, 43(4): 536−539.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j:issn.2095-1191.2012.04.536
[43]	于欢欢, 陈超, 张廷廷, 等. 饥饿对云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)卵黄囊期仔鱼摄食和生长的影响 [J]. 渔业科学进展, 2015, 36(6):37−42. doi: 10.11758/yykxjz.20150606 YU H H, CHEN C, ZHANG T T, et al. Feeding and growth of Epinephelus moara larvae in the process of nourishing transformation [J]. Progress in Fishery Sciences, 2015, 36(6): 37−42.(in Chinese) doi: 10.11758/yykxjz.20150606
[44]	宋兵, 陈立侨, 高露姣, 等. 延迟投饵对杂交鲟仔鱼生长、存活和体成分的影响 [J]. 中国水产科学, 2003, 10(3):222−226. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-8737.2003.03.009 SONG B, CHEN L Q, GAO L J, et al. Effects of delayed feeding on growth, survival and biochemical composition in hybrid sturgeon larvae [J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2003, 10(3): 222−226.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-8737.2003.03.009