47份福建省鲜食春大豆种质资源的遗传分析及综合评价

林文磊; 吕美琴; 李明松; 施迎迎; 康蓉蓉; 曾红英

47份福建省鲜食春大豆种质资源的遗传分析及综合评价

1.
泉州市农业科学研究所，福建　泉州　362212

基金项目: 福建省星火科技计划项目（2020S0030）

详细信息

作者简介:
林文磊（1990 —），男，硕士，助理研究员，主要从事大豆品种选育与推广应用研究，E-mail：lwlskydy@126.com

中图分类号: S565.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-10
- 录用日期: 2024-02-27
- 修回日期: 2024-01-15
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-28

Genetic Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of 47 Vegetable Spring Soybean Germplasms

1.
Quanzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Quanzhou, Fujian　362212, China

摘要

摘要: 目的为更好地利用鲜食春大豆种质资源，筛选优良品种（系）应用于福建省鲜食大豆育种和生产上。方法对47份鲜食春大豆种质资源的7个表型性状进行描述统计，对13个主要农艺性状进行变异分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析，并进行综合评价。结果描述统计结果表明，除了株型和结荚习性的表现一致外，其他表型性状存在差异；变异分析结果表明，13个主要农艺性状间存在丰富的变异，变异系数范围为7.49%～38.07%，底荚高度的变异系数最大，标准荚长的变异系数最小；相关性分析结果表明，株高与底荚高度、有效分枝数、单株荚重、标准荚产量均呈极显著正相关；茎粗与单株荚重、标准荚产量、有效分枝数均呈极显著正相关，有效分枝数与单株荚重、标准荚产量、鲜荚产量均呈极显著正相关；单株有效荚数、单株标准荚数均与单株荚重呈极显著正相关，单株荚重与标准荚产量、鲜荚产量均呈极显著正相关。凯撒正态化最大方差法旋转主成分分析结果表明，可用荚产量因子、荚数因子、株型因子、荚形因子等4个主因子描述13个主要农艺性状73.677%的信息量；根据主因子特征向量及其对应特征根计算各品种的综合主成分得分，用离差平方和系统聚类分析方法分别基于综合主成分得分和13个主要农艺性状标准化数据测定47份种质的欧氏距离，前者将参试材料分成2个大类2个亚类，后者将参试材料分成3个大类2个亚类，两种聚类分析方法结果基本一致；将综合主成分得分前10名的种质与其标准荚产量、鲜荚产量进行综合分析，鉴定得到南农1821、闽豆14、兴化豆8号、兴化豆618、闽豆10号、兴化豆9号、兴化豆4号、兴化豆3号等8份综合性状优良且高产的优质鲜食春大豆种质资源。结论 47份鲜食春大豆具有较高的遗传多样性，筛选出的8份优异的鲜食春大豆种质资源可为鲜食春大豆育种提供优良的亲本或中间材料。
- 鲜食春大豆 /
- 表型鉴定 /
- 遗传分析 /
- 综合评价
Abstract: : Objective In order to make better use of fresh spring soybean germplasms and screen out the varieties (lines) with good quality to apply to the breeding and production of fresh soybean in Fujian province. Method The descriptive statistics, variation analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis and comprehensive evaluation on 7 phenotypic traits as well as 13 major agronomic characteristics of 47 fresh spring soybean germplasms were sutdy. Result The results showed that: there were differences in phenotypic traits except for plant type and podding habit. Abundant variations were observed among the 13 major agronomic traits, and the variation coefficient ranged from 7.49% to 38.07%. Among them, the coefficient of variation of bottom pod height was the largest, and the coefficient of variation of standard pod length was the smallest. The correlation analysis showed that: the plant height was significantly positively correlated with bottom pod height, number of effective branches, pod weight per plant and standard pod yield. The stem diameter was significantly positively correlated with pod weight per plant, standard pod yield and number of effective branches. The number of effective branches was significantly positively correlated with pod weight per plant, standard pod yield and fresh pod yield. The effective pod number per plant and standard pod number per plant were all significantly positively correlated with the pod weight per plant. The pod weight per plant was significantly positively correlated with standard pod yield and fresh pod yield. The results of CASAR normalized maximum variance rotational principal component analysis showed that the information content of 13 major agronomic traits was 73.677%, which could be described by 4 major factors: pod yield factor, pod number factor, plant type factor and pod shape factor. According to the principal factor characteristic vector and its corresponding characteristic root, the comprehensive principal component score of each variety was calculated. The euclidean distance was determined by the method of the sum of squared deviations and systematic cluster analysis based on comprehensive principal component scores and standardized data of 13 major agronomic traits. 47 germplasms were divided into 2 major categories and 2 sub-categories through the former method, and divided into 3 major categories and 2 sub-categories through the latter method. By comparison, the analysis results of the two clustering methods were generally consistent. The first 10 of the principal comprehensive principal scores were comprehensively analyzed with the standard pod yield and fresh pod yield, Nannong 1821, Mindou No.14, Xinghuadou No.8, Xinghua 618, Mindou No.10, Xinghuadou No.9, Xinghuadou No.4 and Xinghuadou No.3 were screened out. Conclusion 47 vegetable spring soybean germplasms had high genetic diversity, and the 8 excellent vegetable spring soybean germplasms selected should provide excellent parents and intermediate materials for vegetable spring soybean breeding.
- Vegetable spring soybean /
- penotyphic analysis /
- genetic analysis /
- comprehensive evaluation

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图 1 基于综合主成分得分值的聚类分析树状图

Figure 1. Clustering analysis tree based on comprehensive principal component values

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图 2 基于主要农艺性状标准化数据的聚类分析树状图

Figure 2. Clustering analysis tree based on standardized data of major agronomic traits

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表 1 47份鲜食春大豆种质资源名称及来源

Table 1. Name and source of 47 vegetable spring soybean germplasms materials

编号 No.	资源名称 Name of resources	来源 Source	编号 No.	资源名称 Name of resources	来源 Source
1	沪鲜6号 Huxian 6	台湾88/青酥1号 Taiwan 88/Qingsu 1	25	苏成3号 Sucheng 3	辽鲜3号/日本青3号 Liaoxian 3/Ribenqing 3
2	交大23号 Jiaoda 23	晋豆39/交大09-3 Jindou 39/Jiaoda 09-3	26	苏成7号 Sucheng 7	台湾75/LR8517 Taiwan 75/LR8517
3	交大29 Jiaoda 29	沪鲜6号/交大10-332 Huxian 6/Jiaoda 10-332	27	苏成闽1号 Suchengmin 1	高雄6号/开95036 Gaoxiong 6/Kai 9506
4	交大32 Jiaoda 32	东农49/交大133 Dongnong 49/Jiaoda 133	28	苏成闽2号 Suchengmin 2	台湾75/开95036 Taiwan 75/Kai 95036
5	交大35 Jiaoda 35	辽00136/晋豆39 Liao 00136/Jindou 39	29	苏奎2号 Sukui No.2	辽鲜1号/早生白鸟 Liaoxian 1/Zaoshengbainiao
6	交大37 Jiaoda 37	交大09-5/浙鲜89010 Jiaoda 09-5/Zhexian 89010	30	苏奎3号 Sukui No.3	0118-1-1-2/辽鲜1号 0118-1-1-2/Liaoxian 1
7	交大127 Jiaoda 127	（2676×2698）F1/（2679×2680）F1 （2676×2698）F1/（2679×2680）F1	31	苏奎6号 Sukui No.6	辽鲜1号/日本晴3号 Liaoxian 1/Ribenqing 3
8	交大957 Jiaoda 957	交大02-89/交大05-133 Jiaoda 02-89/Jiaoda 05-133	32	苏奎7号 Sukui No.7	辽鲜1号/95-1-3 Liaoxian 1/95-1-3
9	闽豆7号 Mindou No.7	抚鲜5号/云豆9号 Fuxian 5/Yundou 9	33	苏闽鲜1号 Suminxian 1	南农06C-1/南农12-1 Nannong 06C-1/Nannong 12-1
10	闽豆8号 Mindou No.8	福豆234/AGS452 Fudou 234/AGS452	34	兴化豆1号 Xinghuadou No.1	浙98002/浙88005-7 Zhe 98002/Zhe 88005-7
11	闽豆9号 Mindou No.9	闽豆6号/08B4-1 Mindou 6/08B4-1	35	兴化豆2号 Xinghuadou No.2	闽豆1711/闽豆06B12-1 Mindou 1711/Mindou 06B12-1
12	闽豆10号 Mindou No.10	抚鲜5号/K丰72-2 Fuxian 5/K Feng 72-2	36	兴化豆3号 Xinghuadou No.3	闽豆1711/闽豆06B12-1 Mindou 1711/Mindou 06B12-1
13	闽豆11号 Mindou No.11	AGS454/丹波黑 AGS454/Danbohei	37	兴化豆4号 Xinghuadou No.4	H0427-82/沪选26-19 H0427-82/Huxuan 26-19
14	闽豆12号 Mindou No.12	浙鲜3号/K丰72-1 Zhexian 3/K Feng 72-1	38	兴化豆5号 Xinghuadou No.5	浙98002/毛豆389 Zhe 98002/Maodou 389
15	闽豆13号 Mindou No.13	浙鲜12号/交大18 Zhexian 12/Jiaoda 18	39	兴化豆6号 Xinghuadou No.6	浙鲜豆2号/沪选26-19 Zhexiandou No.2/Huxuan 26-19
16	闽豆14 Mindou 14	沪选23-9/毛豆292 Huxuan 23-9/Maodou 292	40	兴化豆8号 Xinghuadou No.8	闽豆06B12-1/闽豆1711 Mindou 06B12-1/Mindou 1711
17	闽豆15 Mindou 15	首豆38号/辽06M19 Shoudou 38/Liao 06M19	41	兴化豆9号 Xinghuadou No.9	闽豆06B12-1/H0427-82 Mindou 06B12-1/H0427-82
18	闽豆16 Mindou 16	浙农6号/K丰7-2 Zhenong 6/K Feng 7-2	42	兴化豆614 Xinghuadou 614	浙98002/毛豆389 Zhe 98002/Maodou 389
19	南农15-2 Nannong 15-2	南农X54022/南农X6530 Nannong X54022/Nannong X6530	43	兴化豆618 Xinghuadou 618	浙98002/毛豆389 Zhe 98002/Maodou 389
20	南农1821 Nannong 1821	小寒王/海选大黄豆 Xiaohanwang/Haixuandahuangdou	44	兴化豆713 Xinghuadou 713	浙鲜豆2号/沪选26-19 Zhexiandou No.2/Huxuan 26-19
21	南农88026 Nannong 88026	丹波黑诱变选育 Mutation Breeding of Danbohei	45	早熟王 Zaoshuwang	极早生/H75801系选 Jizaosheng/H75801 Xixuan
22	南农NF19 Nannong NF19	90C00-1/95C-13 90C00-1/95C-13	46	浙鲜1027 Zhexian 1027	品系H0427/浙鲜豆4号 Pinxi H0427/Zhexiandou 4
23	衢春豆1号 Quchundou 1	浙农6号/沈鲜3号 Zhenong 6/Shenxian 3	47	毛豆3号 Maodou 3	从台湾引进 Imported from Taiwan
24	苏成2号 Sucheng 2	辽鲜3号/苏豆10号 Liaoxian 3/Sudou 10

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表 2 13个主要农艺性状指标代号及名称

Table 2. Number and name of 13 major agronomic characteristics indicator

代号 No.	性状名称 Name of characteristic	代号 No.	性状名称 Name of characteristic
x1	株高 Plant height	x8	单株标准荚数 Number of standard pods per plant
x2	底荚高度 Bottom pod height	x9	单株荚重Pods weight per plant
x3	茎粗 Stem diameter	x10	鲜百粒重 100-seed fresh weight
x4	有效分枝数 Number of effective branches	x11	标准荚产量 Standard pods yield
x5	标准荚长 Standar pod length	x12	鲜荚产量 Fresh pods yield
x6	标准荚宽 Standar pod width	x13	采收日数 Days of harvesting
x7	单株有效荚数 Number of effective pods per plant

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表 3 47份鲜食春大豆种质资源7个表型性状表现

Table 3. Description of 7 plant phenotypic traits of 47 vegetable spring soybean germplasms materials

编号 No.	叶形 Leaf shape	叶色 Leaf colour	幼茎颜色 Young stem colour	花色 Flower colour	茸毛色 Pubescence colour	株型 Plant type	结荚习性 Podding habit
1	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
2	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
3	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
4	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
5	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
6	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
7	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
8	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
9	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
10	椭圆形 Oval	淡绿色 Light green	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
11	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
12	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
13	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
14	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
15	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
16	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
17	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
18	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
19	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
20	卵圆形 Ovate	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
21	卵圆形 Ovate	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
22	椭圆形 Oval	浓绿色 Light green	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
23	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
24	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
25	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
26	椭圆形 Oval	淡绿色 Light green	绿色 Green	白色 White	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
27	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
28	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
29	椭圆形 Oval	浓绿色 Dense green	绿色 Green	白色 White	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
30	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
31	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
32	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
33	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
34	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
35	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
36	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
37	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
38	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
39	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
40	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	白色 White	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
41	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
42	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
43	椭圆形 Oval	淡绿色 Light green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
44	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
45	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
46	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited
47	椭圆形 Oval	绿色 Green	绿色 Green	白色 White	灰色 Gray	收敛 Convergence	有限 Limited

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表 4 47份鲜食春大豆种质资源13个主要农艺性状的统计分析结果

Table 4. Statistical analysis of 13 major agronomic traits of 47 vegetable spring soybean germplasms materials

性状 Trait	变幅 Range	均值 Mean	标准偏差 SD	变异系数 CV / %	性状 Trait	变幅 Range	均值 Mean	标准偏差 SD	变异系数 CV / %
x1	15.67～55.67	29.25	8.52	29.12	x8	6.96～23.96	16.78	3.79	22.57
x2	3.00～15.00	6.57	2.50	38.07	x9	32～91.02	54.79	13.72	25.03
x3	0.32～0.96	0.72	0.12	17.17	x10	63.4～97.8	81.07	7.77	9.58
x4	0.6～4.6	2.47	0.93	37.49	x11	4299.94～10099.50	7202.76	1340.41	18.61
x5	4.90～6.61	5.67	0.42	7.49	x12	6184.72～13666.25	9985.40	1893.09	18.96
x6	1.20～2.20	1.40	0.15	10.55	x13	65.0～102.0	80.29	7.06	8.80
x7	13.09～32.50	22.23	4.53	20.38

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表 5 13个主要农艺性状的相关系数矩阵

Table 5. Correlation coefficient matrix of 13 major agronomic traits

性状 Trait	x1	x2	x3	x4	x5	x6	x7	x8	x9	x10	x11	x12
x2	0.839^**
x3	0.349^*	0.185
x4	0.440^**	0.505^**	0.382^**
x5	0.169	0.020	0.174	−0.037
x6	−0.069	−0.170	0.285	−0.048	0.349^*
x7	0.308^*	0.201	0.364^*	0.357^*	0.067	−0.031
x8	0.306^*	0.295^*	0.252	0.233	0.077	−0.100	0.912^**
x9	0.458^**	0.336^*	0.405^**	0.548^**	0.370^*	0.109	0.535^**	0.390^**
x10	−0.050	−0.106	0.031	−0.233	0.303^*	0.144	−0.095	−0.121	0.130
x11	0.396^**	0.349^*	0.406^**	0.559^**	0.267	0.119	0.259	0.143	0.721^**	0.011
x12	0.364^*	0.164	0.289^*	0.435^**	0.414^**	0.144	0.243	0.110	0.678^**	−0.148	0.825^**
x13	0.495^**	0.462^**	0.520^**	0.391^**	0.156	0.021	0.557^**	0.546^**	0.556^**	0.115	0.422^**	0.245
和分别表示在0.05和0.01水平显著相关（双尾）。 and ** indicate significant different at 0.05 and 0.01 level, respectively (double tails)

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表 6 KMO 和巴特利特的球形度检验

Table 6. KMO and Bartlett's sphericity test

KMO 取样适切性量数 KMO sampling suitability quantity		0.616
巴特利特球形度检验 Bartlett sphericity test	近似卡方 Approximate chi-square	398.423
	自由度 Degree of freedom	78
	显著性 Significance	0.000

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表 7 主成分因子的方差贡献率

Table 7. Variance contribution rate of principal component factors

主成分 Major factor	初始特征值 Initial eigenvalue			旋转载荷平方和 Sum of squares after rotation
主成分 Major factor	特征值 Characteristic root	方差百分比 Percentage of variance/%	累计总方差贡献率 Cumulative total variance contribution rate/%	特征值 Characteristic root	方差百分比 Percentage of variance/%	累计总方差贡献率 Cumulative total variance contribution rate/%
1（PCF₁）	4.880	37.537	37.537	3.012	23.168	23.168
2（PCF₂）	1.959	15.071	52.607	2.626	20.198	43.366
3（PCF₃）	1.535	11.809	64.416	2.204	16.958	60.324
4（PCF₄）	1.204	9.261	73.677	1.736	13.353	73.677
5	0.948	7.292	80.970
6	0.782	6.013	86.983
7	0.496	3.813	90.795
8	0.396	3.049	93.844
9	0.336	2.581	96.425
10	0.220	1.694	98.119
11	0.152	1.170	99.289
12	0.058	0.445	99.734
13	0.035	0.266	100.000

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表 8 旋转后因子载荷矩阵

Table 8. Factor loading matrix after rotation

性状因子 Trait factor	主成分 Major factor
性状因子 Trait factor	PCF₁	PCF₂	PCF₃	PCF₄
株高 Plant height	0.284	0.191	0.843	0.045
底荚高度 Bottom pod height	0.162	0.122	0.918	−0.114
茎粗 Stem diameter	0.390	0.410	0.161	0.267
有效分枝数 Number of effective branches	0.617	0.215	0.402	−0.275
标准荚长 Standar pod length	0.317	0.045	−0.009	0.708
标准荚宽 Standar pod width	0.245	−0.008	−0.300	0.561
单株有效荚数 Number of effective pods per plant	0.188	0.944	0.046	−0.075
单株标准荚数 Number of standard pods per plant	0.017	0.934	0.121	−0.099
单株荚重Pods weight per plant	0.687	0.418	0.256	0.247
鲜百粒重 100-seed fresh weight	−0.264	−0.037	0.122	0.782
标准荚产量 Standard pods yield	0.863	0.101	0.239	0.124
鲜荚产量 Fresh pods yield	0.919	0.050	0.039	0.090
采收日数 Days of harvesting	0.210	0.636	0.467	0.215

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表 9 旋转后因子特征向量矩阵

Table 9. Matrix after rotation of factor eigenvector load

性状因子 Trait	主成分 Major factor
性状因子 Trait	PCF₁₁	PCF₂₂	PCF₃₃	PCF₄₄
株高 Plant height	0.164	0.118	0.568	0.034
底荚高度 Bottom pod height	0.094	0.075	0.618	−0.087
茎粗 Stem diameter	0.225	0.253	0.109	0.203
有效分枝数 Number of effective branches	0.356	0.133	0.271	−0.208
标准荚长 Standar pod length	0.183	0.028	−0.006	0.538
标准荚宽 Standar pod width	0.141	−0.005	−0.202	0.426
单株有效荚数 Number of effective pods per plant	0.108	0.582	0.031	−0.057
单株标准荚数 Number of standard pods per plant	0.010	0.577	0.082	−0.075
单株荚重Pods weight per plant	0.396	0.258	0.172	0.187
鲜百粒重 100-seed fresh weight	−0.152	−0.023	0.082	0.594
标准荚产量 Standard pods yield	0.497	0.063	0.161	0.094
鲜荚产量 Fresh pods yield	0.530	0.031	0.027	0.068
采收日数 Days of harvesting	0.121	0.393	0.314	0.163

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表 10 综合主成分值排名前10的鲜食春大豆种质资源各主成分值

Table 10. The principal component values of the top 10 fresh spring soybean germplasm resources ranked by comprehensive principal component values

资源编号 Germplasms No.	PCF11	PCF22	PCF33	PCF44	F	排名 Ranking
6	1.176	3.353	−0.377	−0.236	1.160	10
12	1.873	1.905	1.514	0.090	1.476	6
16	2.868	2.549	1.665	0.392	2.055	3
20	4.164	4.660	6.446	2.209	4.471	1
21	2.295	2.698	4.862	1.047	2.770	2
36	1.715	2.189	1.446	−1.317	1.234	9
37	1.948	1.810	0.173	1.396	1.401	8
40	2.646	1.061	2.836	−0.716	1.646	4
41	2.340	1.217	1.083	0.565	1.421	7
43	2.147	2.765	0.453	−0.183	1.504	5

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表 11 综合主成分值排名前10的鲜食春大豆种质资源产量表现

Table 11. The yield performance of the top 10 fresh spring soybean germplasm resources ranked by comprehensive principal component values

编号 No.	综合主成分值排名 Comprehensive Ranking	标准荚 Standard pod		鲜荚 Fresh pod
编号 No.	综合主成分值排名 Comprehensive Ranking	产量 Yield/ （kg·hm⁻²）	增幅 Increase rate/%	产量 Yield/ （kg·hm⁻²）	增幅 Increase rate/%
6	10	7279.50	−2.0	10260.00	−2.9
12	6	8641.50	16.3	10856.25	2.8
16	3	8361.30	12.5	12562.50	18.9
20	1	10099.50	35.9	10725.00	1.5
21	2	7861.50	5.8	9750.00	−7.7
36	9	8065.50	8.6	10811.25	2.4
37	8	8227.05	10.7	12512.50	18.5
40	4	8182.50	10.1	12815.00	21.3
41	7	8187.30	10.2	12408.75	17.5
43	5	8123.48	9.3	11112.50	5.2

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表 12 鲜食春大豆种质资源3个类群的13个主要农艺性状差异

Table 12. Differences in 13 major agronomic traits among 3 major groups of vegetable spring soybean germplasms materials

类群 Group	x1	x2	x3	x4	x5	x6	x7	x8	x9	x10	x11	x12	x13
I-i	30.46	6.74	0.74	2.64	5.79	1.41	23.35	17.73	58.07	80.70	7514.70	10551.98	81.83
I-ii	22.26	5.11	0.62	1.74	5.21	1.38	17.62	12.86	39.47	80.83	5790.11	7871.77	72.55
II	55.67	15.00	0.93	3.56	5.70	1.40	27.93	21.6	90.00	97.00	10099.50	10725.00	102.00

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表 13 鲜食春大豆种质资源4个类群的13个主要农艺性状差异

Table 13. Differences in 13 major agronomic traits among 4 major groups of vegetable spring soybean germplasms materials

类群 Group	x1	x2	x3	x4	x5	x6	x7	x8	x9	x10	x11	x12	x13
I-i	29.24	6.45	0.72	2.57	5.77	1.40	23.16	17.58	56.42	80.95	7367.20	10348.84	81.01
I-ii	22.90	5.26	0.59	1.67	5.06	1.30	16.10	11.54	36.94	77.42	5835.93	8093.00	70.67
II	53.50	14.10	0.91	3.48	5.61	1.38	25.59	19.75	85.17	93.50	8980.50	10237.50	99.50
III	19.40	3.90	0.78	1.60	5.50	2.20	16.93	11.93	39.30	82.90	5599.50	7025.00	72.00

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