Spatial Evolution and Related Factors of Municipal Impervious Surfaces in Xiamen

Urbanization and municipal development inevitably brings about the ever-increasing impervious surfaces in the city. Such spatial evolution hindered rainwater infiltration on the ground causing water logging and heat island effect. Consequently, the changes in urban landscape and land use pattern have become a major concern for the government and people live in the city. Through a keen understanding of the Space-and-time evolution of impervious surface, can help us to protect the urban ecosystem and building "sponge city". For Xiamen, in the current study, the V-I-S model applied to extract the impervious surface in the city from four Landsat remote images taken in 2000, 2004, 2010 and 2015. The spatial pattern and temporal evolution of the municipal impervious surface in the past 15 years were constructed for a detailed analysis using transfer matrix and landscape pattern index. The results showed that LHISA, MHISA and HDISA in Xiamen expanded continually from 2000 through 2015, with the accumulated increases of 10 394.73 hm²、9 802.89 hm² and 8 942.4 hm² respectively. Meanwhile, LDISA and VLISA were declined rapidly, as LDISA reduced to 18 958.95 hm² and VLISA remarkably decreased from 43 906.86 hm² in 2000 to 8 327.79 hm² in 2015. The correlation between the impervious surface pattern on the landscape and the urban ecological environment was discussed with respect to the optimized scientific planning of the impervious surface for the city.