Eco-friendly and Efficient Maize Farming for North Liaoning Region

SUI ShiJiang; NIU Shiwei; WANG Na

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.10.013

Volume 38 Issue 10

Oct. 2023

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences > 2023 > 38(10): 1242-1248

SUI S J, NIU S W, WANG N. Eco-friendly and Efficient Maize Farming for North Liaoning Region [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences，2023，38（10）：1242−1248 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.10.013

Citation:

SUI S J, NIU S W, WANG N. Eco-friendly and Efficient Maize Farming for North Liaoning Region [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences，2023，38（10）：1242−1248 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.10.013

Citation:

PDF( 794 KB)

Eco-friendly and Efficient Maize Farming for North Liaoning Region

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.10.013

Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning　110161, China

Received Date: 2023-06-02
Accepted Date: 2023-09-26
Rev Recd Date: 2023-09-12

Available Online: 2023-10-25

Publish Date: 2023-10-28

Abstract

Abstract

Objective Effects of tillage methods applied for maize cultivation in northern Liaoning on the crop productivity and soil conditions were studied in search of an improved agriculture practice for the region. Method Maize yield and soil properties under various tillage methods were determined in a field experimentation. Means of tillage and ground preparation including (A) rotary tillage for 15 cm, (B) deep loosing tillage for 30cm, (C) smash ridging tillage for 30 cm, (D) smash ridging tillage for 50cm, (E) smash ridging tillage for 30cm combined with film mulching, and (F) smash ridging tillage for 50cm combined with film mulching were evaluated. Ground temperature and bulk density in different layers of soil at different maize growth periods as well as root number, length, and volume and yield of maize plants were monitored. Result Smash ridging tillage on the field increased the ground temperatures in layers of the soil. Significant rises of the soil temperature by 14.14-23.75% in maize seedling stage were observed when the tillage method was applied with film mulching, and by 14.34-25.90% in the maize jointing stage. Smash ridging tillage also reduced the bulk density in 25-30cm layer of soil by 1.91-3.09% at the maize seedling, jointing, and mature stages, and in the 45-50cm layer soil by 2.91-5.21%, while significantly increased the root count by 13.21-47.55%, the root length by 7.14-38.83%, and the root volume by 20.63-110.04% from the maize jointing stage to maturity stage. By covering the ground with a mulching film after smash ridging tillage, maize yield was increased by 11.12-16.29%. And the greatest increase in yield was achieved by using the (C) method with a 30 cm tillage. Conclusion It was preliminarily showed that the smash ridging tillage with film ground cover, especially the method (C), could materially benefit not only the soil conditions but also the growth of maize root system and crop yield.
- Maize,
- tillage patterns,
- soil properties,
- crop yield

FullText(HTML)

References(24)

References

[1]	白伟, 孙占祥, 郑家明, 等. 辽西地区不同种植模式对春玉米产量形成及其生长发育特性的影响 [J]. 作物学报, 2014, 40(1):181−189. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.00181 BAI W, SUN Z X, ZHENG J M, et al. Effect of different planting patterns on maize growth and yield in western Liaoning Province [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2014, 40(1): 181−189.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.00181
[2]	李轶冰, 逄焕成, 李华, 等. 粉垄耕作对黄淮海北部春玉米籽粒灌浆及产量的影响 [J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(14):3055−3064. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.14.022 LI Y B, PANG H C, LI H, et al. Effects of deep vertically rotary tillage on grain filling and yield of spring maize in North Huang-Huai-Hai region [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(14): 3055−3064.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.14.022
[3]	CAI H G, MA W, ZHANG X Z, et al. Effect of subsoil tillage depth on nutrient accumulation, root distribution, and grain yield in spring maize [J]. The Crop Journal, 2014, 2(5): 297−307. doi: 10.1016/j.cj.2014.04.006
[4]	ZHAI L C, XU P, ZHANG Z B, et al. Improvements in grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize by optimizing tillage practice and nitrogen application rate[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2019, 111(2): 666–676.
[5]	梁金凤, 齐庆振, 贾小红, 等. 不同耕作方式对土壤性质与玉米生长的影响研究 [J]. 生态环境学报, 2010, 19(4):945−950. LIANG J F, QI Q Z, JIA X H, et al. Effects of different tillage managements on soil properties and corn growth [J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2010, 19(4): 945−950.(in Chinese)
[6]	张敏, 粟戈璇, 彭曙光, 等. 粉垄深度对山地黄壤理化特性和烤烟养分利用效率的影响 [J]. 作物研究, 2021, 35(1):55−60. ZHANG M, SU G X, PENG S G, et al. Effects of smashing ridge tillage on physicochemical property of mountain yellow soil and nutrient utilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco [J]. Crop Research, 2021, 35(1): 55−60.(in Chinese)
[7]	韦本辉. 旱地作物粉垄栽培技术研究简报 [J]. 中国农业科学, 2010, 43(20):4330. WEI B H. Brief report on cultivation techniques of dry land crops by powder ridge [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(20): 4330.(in Chinese)
[8]	WEI B H. Fenlong cultivation-the fourth set of farming methods invented in China [J]. Agricultural Science & Technology, 2017, 18(11): 2045−2048, 2052.
[9]	张柯雨, 陈彦云, 李国旗, 等. 粉垄耕作对盐碱地土壤环境及作物生长的影响研究进展 [J]. 农业科学研究, 2022, 43(1):57−61,96. ZHANG K Y, CHEN Y Y, LI G Q, et al. Research progress on the effects of Fenlong-ridging on soil environment and crop growth in saline-alkali land [J]. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 43(1): 57−61,96.(in Chinese)
[10]	何进宇, 石伟业, 刘飞杨, 等. 粉垄耕作深度对旱区土壤关键物理性质的影响 [J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2023, 41(3):195−201,228. HE J Y, SHI W Y, LIU F Y, et al. Effects of Fenlong cultivation on soil key physical properties in arid areas [J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2023, 41(3): 195−201,228.(in Chinese)
[11]	韦本辉, 刘斌, 甘秀芹, 等. 粉垄栽培对水稻产量和品质的影响 [J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(19):3946−3954. WEI B H, LIU B, GAN X Q, et al. Effect of fenlong cultivation on yield and quality of rice [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(19): 3946−3954.(in Chinese)
[12]	张邦彦, 何文寿, 李惠霞, 等. 粉垄与覆膜对宁南旱区土壤物理性状及马铃薯产量的影响 [J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2022, 40(2):27−37. ZHANG B Y, HE W S, LI H X, et al. Effects of deep vertically rotary tillage and film mulching on soil physicalproperties and potato yield in the arid area of Southern Ningxia [J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2022, 40(2): 27−37.(in Chinese)
[13]	赵钧洋, 覃树涛, 常媛, 等. 粉垄耕作促进甘蔗根系生长、养分吸收及增产 [J]. 热带作物学报, 2022, 43(3):529−538. ZHAO J Y, QIN S T, CHANG Y, et al. Fenlong tillage promotes sugarcane root growth, nutrient absorption and yield increase [J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2022, 43(3): 529−538.(in Chinese)
[14]	熊梓沁, 荊永锋, 贺非, 等. 粉垄深度对稻作烟区土壤理化特性及作物周年产量的影响 [J]. 中国烟草学报, 2021, 27(3):46−55. XIONG Z Q, JING Y F, HE F, et al. Effect of ridge depth on soil physicochemical and annual crop yield in rice growing tobacco area [J]. Acta Tabacaria Sinica, 2021, 27(3): 46−55.(in Chinese)
[15]	石伟业. 粉垄耕作对土壤理化性质和玉米、水稻生长的影响[D].银川: 宁夏大学, 2022. SHI W Y. Effects of Fenlong Tillage on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Growth of Maize and Rice[D]. Yinchuan: Ningxia University.
[16]	高伟, 张俊, 郝西, 等. 粉垄耕作对土壤物理性状及花生根系的影响 [J]. 花生学报, 2021, 50(4):67−71,86. GAO W, ZHANG J, HAO X, et al. Effect of smash-ridging on soil physical properties and peanut growth [J]. Journal of Peanut Science, 2021, 50(4): 67−71,86.(in Chinese)
[17]	鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 3版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000.
[18]	杨世琦, 吴会军, 韩瑞芸, 等. 农田土壤紧实度研究进展 [J]. 土壤通报, 2016, 47(1):226−232. YANG S Q, WU H J, HAN R Y, et al. A review of soil compaction in farmland [J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2016, 47(1): 226−232.(in Chinese)
[19]	程帅, 李鹏程, 刘志刚, 等. 密度、氮肥对玉米杂交种节根数量的影响 [J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016, 22(4):1118−1125. CHENG S, LI P C, LIU Z G, et al. Effect of plant density and nitrogen supply on nodel root number of maize of different varieties [J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2016, 22(4): 1118−1125.(in Chinese)
[20]	孙仕军, 许志浩, 张旭东, 等. 地膜覆盖对玉米田间土壤含水率和地温变化的影响 [J]. 玉米科学, 2015, 23(3):91−98. SUN S J, XU Z H, ZHANG X D, et al. Effect of film mulching on soil moisture and soil temperature in eastern inner Mongolia rain-fed black soil area [J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2015, 23(3): 91−98.(in Chinese)
[21]	BENGOUGH A G, YOUNG I M. Root elongation of seedling peas through layered soil of different penetration resistances [J]. Plant and Soil, 1993, 149(1): 129−139. doi: 10.1007/BF00010770
[22]	COELHO E F, OR D. Root distribution and water uptake patterns of corn under surface and subsurface drip irrigation [J]. Plant and Soil, 1999, 206(2): 123−136.
[23]	李潮海, 李胜利, 王群, 等. 下层土壤容重对玉米根系生长及吸收活力的影响 [J]. 中国农业科学, 2005, 38(8):1706−1711. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0578-1752.2005.08.030 LI C H, LI S L, WANG Q, et al. A study on corn root growth and activities at different soil layers with special bulk density [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2005, 38(8): 1706−1711.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0578-1752.2005.08.030
[24]	张凤杰, 孙继颖, 髙聚林, 等. 春玉米根系形态及土壤理化性质对深松深度的响应研究 [J]. 玉米科学, 2016, 24(6):88−96. ZHANG F J, SUN J Y, GAO J L, et al. Response of spring maize root morphological characteristics and soil physicochemical properties to chiseling depth [J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2016, 24(6): 88−96.(in Chinese)