Abstract:
Objective Genetics of bitter gourd in resisting Fusarium wilt was analyzed to better understand the most effective way of the disease control by breeding wilt-resistant variety.
Method A population of P1, P2, F1, and F2 generations was established by crossing a highly resistant Mc176 as the male parent and a susceptible Mc131 as the female parent. The seeds from the plants were sown, and the seedlings at two-leaves-and-one-bud stage inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f. sp. momordicae by root-grafting. Twenty-five days afterward, phenotypic identification was performed on the plants. The SEA package in the R-4.1.1 software was used to analyze 24 mixed major gene+polygene models to select the best fit one for predicting bitter gourd resistance to Fusarium wilt .
Result The 1MG-AD model was found to satisfactorily represent the wilt resistance. The additive and dominant effect values generated by the model were 2.3479 and 0.6467, respectively, with 30.86 % heritability on a pair of the major genes in F2 population.
Conclusion The Fusarium wilt resistance of bitter gourd demonstrated a significant quantitative characteristic. In the Mc131× Mc176 hybrid combination, the resistance was regulated by a pair of mainly additive genes that controlled the trait. Since the environmental factors affected more significantly than genetics on the heritability of the major genes in F2 generation population, further experiments taking external conditions into consideration are in order.
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