• 中文核心期刊
  • CSCD来源期刊
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • CA、CABI、ZR收录期刊

广西百香果炭疽病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性测定

Identification and Biological Characteristics of Pathogen of Passion Fruit Anthracnose in Guangxi

  • 摘要:
    目的 明确广西百香果炭疽病病原菌及其生物学特性,为其防控提供理论依据。
    方法 采用植物组织分离法进行病原分离、致病性测定、形态特征观察,结合ITSCALApMat基因序列分析,鉴定引起广西百香果炭疽病的病原菌,并明确其生物学特性。
    结果 从典型症状的百香果炭疽病病斑组织中分离纯化获得一代表性菌株tg3b1,经形态学鉴定、多基因序列分析及致病性测定,鉴定该病的病原菌为可可炭疽菌(Colletotrichum theobromicola)。该病原菌菌丝在25~28 ℃菌落直径最大,产孢量最多,均显著高于其他温度条件(P<0.05,下同)。病原菌在pH为6.0时菌落直径最大,产孢量最多,均显著高于其他pH条件。病原菌菌丝生长对光照条件不敏感,光照条件为光暗交替时产孢量最多,显著高于其他光照条件。菌丝在PSA培养基上菌落直径最大,显著大于其他8种培养基,在OA、PDA培养基上产孢量较多,均显著多于其他培养基。碳源为葡萄糖时菌落直径最大,菌丝生长密厚;碳源为D-果糖、葡萄糖时,其产孢量最多,均显著多于除了乳糖以外的其他碳源条件。氮源为酵母粉时,其菌落直径最大,显著大于其他氮源;产孢量较多的氮源为甘氨酸、L-精氨酸,显著多于其他氮源。该病原菌菌丝致死条件为51 ℃处理10 min。
    结论 可可炭疽菌(C. theobromicola)是广西百香果炭疽病的病原菌,该病原菌菌丝生长最适宜的条件:温度25~28 ℃,pH 6.0,光照无要求,培养基为PSA,碳源为葡萄糖,氮源为酵母粉。最佳产孢条件:温度25~28 ℃,pH 6.0,光照为光暗交替,培养基为PSA,碳源为D-果糖、葡萄糖,氮源为甘氨酸、L-精氨酸。该病原菌的致死条件为51 ℃处理10 min。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective  Pathogen causing anthracnose on Passiflora edulis in Guangxi was identified and its biological characteristics determined.
    Method  Tissue isolation method was employed to isolate as well as to examine the pathogenicity and colony characteristics on petri dishes of potential pathogens. Analysis on sequences of ITS, CAL, and ApMat was applied to confirm the pathogen identification.
    Result From the tissues of passion fruits showing typical anthracnose lesions, tg3b1 was isolated, purified, and identified to be Colletotrichum theobromicola. Statistically significant at P<0.05, the largest diameter mycelial colonies and most spores of the isolate were cultured at 25-28°C and pH 6.0; the mycelial growth was not sensitive to light conditions, but the spore production encouraged by alternated light and darkness; the colonies grew to larger diameter on a PSA medium than on 8 other media, while the spores more numerous on OA and PDA; the media using glucose for carbon produced colonies with bigger diameters and denser mycelia, as D-fructose and glucose boosted the spore production (but not so with lactose); the use of yeast powder for nitrogen rendered larger colonies, whereas the media formulated with glycine and L-arginine generated more spores; and the mycelium mortality could be induced in 10 min at 51°C.
    Conclusion  C. theobromicola was identified as the pathogen that caused anthracnose on passion fruits in Guangxi. In culture, it grew optimally at 25-28°C and pH 6.0 with no specific requirement for light on a PSA medium containing glucose and yeast powder. Maximal spore count was observed on a PSA medium consisting of D-fructose, glucose, glycine, and L-arginine at 25-28°C and pH 6.0 under alternated light and darkness. An exposure to 51°C for 10 min was lethal to the pathogen.

     

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