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玉屏风加减煎剂对德化黑鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的抗感染效果

林雪玲 林祚贵 赖宝色 徐磊 刘志军 马玉芳

林雪玲,林祚贵,赖宝色,等. 玉屏风加减煎剂对德化黑鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的抗感染效果 [J]. 福建农业学报,2024,39(6):633−642 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.06.002
引用本文: 林雪玲,林祚贵,赖宝色,等. 玉屏风加减煎剂对德化黑鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的抗感染效果 [J]. 福建农业学报,2024,39(6):633−642 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.06.002
LIN X L, LIN Z G, LAI B S, et al. Anti-infection Effects of Modified Yupingfeng Decoction on Dehua Black Chicken Infected with Eimeria Tenella [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2024,39(6):633−642 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.06.002
Citation: LIN X L, LIN Z G, LAI B S, et al. Anti-infection Effects of Modified Yupingfeng Decoction on Dehua Black Chicken Infected with Eimeria Tenella [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2024,39(6):633−642 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.06.002

玉屏风加减煎剂对德化黑鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的抗感染效果

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.06.002
基金项目: 福建省科技计划项目(2019N0025);福建省教育科学“十四五”规划项目(FJJKGZ21-055)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    林雪玲(1974 —),女,硕士,副教授,主要从事中兽医药及动物保健研究,E-mail:992384028@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    马玉芳(1970 —),女,博士,教授,主要从事天然产物开放与综合利用相关研究,E-mail:myfau850@sohu.com

  • 中图分类号: S831

Anti-infection Effects of Modified Yupingfeng Decoction on Dehua Black Chicken Infected with Eimeria Tenella

  • 摘要:   目的  探明玉屏风加减煎剂对柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella)感染德化黑鸡抗氧化、抗炎、免疫功能的影响及抗球虫效果。  方法  将120只45日龄德化黑鸡随机分为6组,分别是空白对照组(K组)、感染对照组(G组)、常山青蒿低剂量组(CQL组)、玉屏风加减低剂量组(YL组)、常山青蒿高剂量组(CQH组)、玉屏风加减高剂量组(YH组),除空白对照组外,其余各组均感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫,24 h后开始连续7 d饮水给药,第8 d测定比较各组抗球虫指数、免疫功能、抗氧化能力等指标的差异。  结果  与感染对照组(G组)相比,中药处理组CQH、YH、CQL、YL的血便、盲肠病变症状依次减轻。除CQH组外,其他组盲肠病变计分、盲肠黏膜下淋巴细胞密度显著或极显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01);除CQH组OPG显著下降(P<0.05)外,其他3个中药组OPG下降极显著(P<0.01);YL组和YH组盲肠上皮细胞脱落计分极显著降低(P<0.01)。与CQL、CQH组相比,YL、YH组MDA、盲肠病变计分、盲肠上皮细胞脱落计分和OPG下降极显著(P<0.01)。与G组相比,4个中药组 IL-6、 IFN-γ、TNF-α、丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著降低(P<0.01),而 IL-2含量、 SIgA水平、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、 超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)极显著升高(P<0.01);YL组IL-2含量、 SIgA水平、GSH-Px活性、SOD活性、CAT活性极显著增高(P<0.01),YH组GSH-Px、 SOD活性极显著升高(P<0.01)。与K组相比,G组、CQL组、YL组、CQH组、YH组的相对增重率分别是79.88%、103.49%、107.27%、95.05%、96.06%,抗球虫指数(anti-coccidial index, ACI)分别是96、165.5、177、133.5、162.5。  结论  玉屏风加减煎剂对人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫德化黑鸡具有更好抗炎、抗氧化、提高免疫功能的免疫调节作用,并相应具有更好的抗球虫效果,且以玉屏风加减低剂量组(YL)抗球虫效果最好。
  • 图  1  玉屏风加减对人工感染球虫德化黑鸡盲肠形态结构的影响(200×)

    Figure  1.  Effect of modified Yupingfeng decoction on cecuml morphology of Dehua black chicken infected with coccidia (200×)

    表  1  试验鸡分组与处理

    Table  1.   Grouping and treatment of the chicken

    组别 Group 动物数 Total number/只 处理 Treatment
    空白对照组 K 20 不攻虫不给药
    感染对照组 G 20 攻虫不给药
    常山青蒿低剂量组 CQL 20 攻虫给药;煎剂2剂量2.5 mL·天−1·只−1
    玉屏风加减低剂量组 YL 20 攻虫给药;煎剂1剂量2 mL·天−1·只−1+煎剂2剂量2.5 mL·天−1·只−1
    常山青蒿高剂量组 CQH 20 攻虫给药;煎剂2剂量5 mL·天−1·只−1
    玉屏风加减高剂量组 YH 20 攻虫给药;煎剂1剂量2 mL·天−1·只−1+煎剂2剂量5 mL·天−1·只−1
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  盲肠上皮细胞脱落计分标准

    Table  2.   Cecal epithelial cell shedding scoring criteria

    分值 Score 标准 Standard
    0 黏膜层上皮完整、细胞形态正常,固有层肠腺数量丰富、分布均匀,淋巴细胞分布均匀;未见明显的炎性改变
    1 黏膜层偶见上皮细胞坏死脱落,胞核固缩深染、碎裂或溶解消失;固有层肠腺数量丰富、分布均匀,淋巴细胞分布均匀;未见明显的炎性改变。
    2 黏膜层少见上皮细胞坏死脱落,胞核固缩深染、碎裂或溶解消失;固有层肠腺数量丰富、分布均匀,淋巴细胞分布均匀;未见明显的炎性改变。
    3 黏膜层多处上皮细胞缺失,固有层裸露;固有层淋巴细胞数量增多,肠腺间距较宽,排列稍不规则,淋巴数量轻度增多。
    4 黏膜层大面积上皮细胞缺失,固有层裸露;固有层明显水肿,结缔组织排列疏松,肠腺间距增宽,排列稍不规则,淋巴细胞数量增多。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  盲肠病变计分标准

    Table  3.   Cecal lesions scoring criteria

    分值
    Score
    标准
    Standard
    0 无肉眼可见病变
    1 盲肠肠壁存在少量散在的瘀点,肠壁不增厚,内容物正常
    2 盲肠病变病理变化较多,盲肠内容物明显带血,盲肠壁稍增厚
    3 盲肠内有多量血液或有肠芯,盲肠壁明显增厚,盲肠中粪便含量少甚至无粪便存在
    4 盲肠内充满大量血液或肠芯,盲肠肿大,肠芯中含有粪渣或不含,或鸡死亡
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  玉屏风加减对人工感染球虫德化黑鸡盲肠病变指标的影响

    Table  4.   Effect of modified Yupingfeng decoction on cecuml lesion scores of Dehua black chicken infected with coccidia

    组别
    Group
    盲肠上皮细胞脱落情况计分
    Epithelial cell shedding
    盲肠黏膜下淋巴细胞密度
    Submucosal lymphocyte density/
    (个·mm²)
    空白对照组 K 0 Cc 611.90±107.60 Ab
    感染对照组 G 3.50±0.46 Aa 1156.00±532.40 Aa
    常山青蒿低剂量组 CQL 2.75±1.17 Aa 772.40±275.00 Ab
    玉屏风加减低剂量组 YL 1.00±0.93 Bb 674.40±85.87 Ab
    常山青蒿高剂量组 CQH 3.25±0.71 Aa 916.20±169.20 Aa
    玉屏风加减高剂量组 YH 1.25±1.28 Bb 708.00±177.30 Ab
    同列数据后不同大、小写字母分别表示差异极显著(P<0.01)或差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。
    Different uppercase and lowercase letters in the same column indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01) or significant difference (P<0.05). Same for below.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  玉屏风加减煎剂对人工感染球虫德化黑鸡增重率的影响

    Table  5.   Effect of modified Yupingfeng decoction on relative weight gain rate of Dehua black chicken infected with coccidia

    组别
    Group
    感染前体重
    Average initial weight/g
    感染7 d后体重
    Average final weight/g
    平均日增重
    Average weight gain/g
    相对增重率
    Relative weight gain rate/%
    空白对照组 K 638.70±85.51 756.00±103.40 117.30 100.00
    感染对照组 G 667.90±96.57 760.70±117.20 93.70 79.88
    常山青蒿低剂量组 CQL 662.90±120.90 784.30±141.90 121.40 103.49
    玉屏风加减低剂量组 YL 657.10±120.30 782.90±138.90 125.80 107.27
    常山青蒿高剂量组 CQH 671.40±93.47 782.90±112.50 111.50 95.05
    玉屏风加减高剂量组 YH 682.90±94.66 795.70±103.50 112.80 96.16
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  玉屏风加减煎剂对人工感染球虫德化黑鸡ACI的影响

    Table  6.   Effect of modified Yupingfeng decoction on ACI of Dehua black chicken infected with coccidia

    组别
    Group
    存活率
    Survival rate/%
    盲肠病变计分
    Lesion
    平均克粪便卵囊量
    Oocyst per gram /(×105)
    卵囊值
    Oocyst value
    ACI
    空白对照组 K 100 0 Cc 0 Dd 0
    感染对照组 G 95 2.75±0.70 Aa 8.68±1.03 Aa 40 96.0
    常山青蒿低剂量组 CQL 100 1.75±1.17 Ab 5.75±0.96 BCc 20 165.5
    玉屏风加减低剂量组 YL 100 1.00±0.53 Bb 4.63±0.83 Cc 20 177.0
    常山青蒿高剂量组 CQH 100 2.25±0.71 Aa 7.06±0.86 Ab 40 133.5
    玉屏风加减高剂量组 YH 100 1.25±0.46 Bb 5.56±0.72 BCc 20 162.5
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  玉屏风加减对人工感染球虫德化黑鸡血清细胞因子及肠道SIgA抗体的影响

    Table  7.   Effect of modified Yupingfeng decoction on cytokines and SIgA of Dehua black chicken infected with coccidia

    组别Group IL-2/(pg·mL−1) IL-6/(pg·mL−1) IFN-γ/(pg·mL−1) TNF-α/(pg·mL−1) SIgA/(μg·mL−1)
    空白对照组 K 178.10±22.00 ABa 20.55±1.75 Bbc 57.42±3.72 Bb 48.83±4.31 Bb 1228.00±102.00 Bb
    感染对照 G 134.70±15.56 Cc 29.64±2.55 Aa 67.78±4.91 Aa 69.01±4.54 Aa 948.60±72.05 Cc
    常山青蒿低剂量组 CQL 172.90±18.60 Bb 23.76±2.13 Bb 52.79±3.72 Bb 49.15±5.05 Bb 1225.00±57.14 Bb
    玉屏风加减低剂量组 YL 191.80±9.63 Aa 22.20±1.46 Bbc 52.21±2.30 Bb 48.62±1.91 Bb 1357.00±64.49 Aa
    常山青蒿高剂量组 CQH 183.50±13.08 Aa 20.72±2.03 Bbc 53.25±4.72 Bb 47.22±4.29 Bb 1340.00±83.53 Aa
    玉屏风加减高剂量组 YH 203.90±17.68 Aa 20.12±2.34 Bc 52.43±5.41 Bb 43.78±2.73 Bb 1385.00±81.46 Aa
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  8  玉屏风加减对人工感染球虫德化黑鸡抗氧化功能的影响

    Table  8.   Effect of modified Yupingfeng decoction on antioxidant indexes of Dehua black chicken infected with coccidia

    组别
    Group
    丙二醛
    MDA/(nmol·mL−1)
    谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶
    GSH-Px/(U·mL−1)
    超氧化物歧化酶
    SOD/(U·mL−1)
    总抗氧化能力
    T-AOC/(U·mL−1)
    过氧化氢酶
    CAT/(U·mL−1)
    空白对照组 K 4.31±0.56 Dd 435.90±33.56 Aa 61.21±5.84 Aa 18.45±1.95 BCb 176.00±24.19 Aa
    感染对照组 G 8.63±0.58 Aa 182.40±15.43 Ee 26.67±2.90 Dd 16.35±1.21 Cc 112.50±12.19 Cc
    常山青蒿低剂量组 CQL 7.53±0.14 Bb 250.90±6.88 Dd 35.91±4.54 Cc 19.16±1.50 Bb 132.60±15.31 Bb
    玉屏风加减低剂量组 YL 5.82±0.19 Cc 315.9±20.96 Cc 46.56±5.12 Bb 22.88±1.89 Aa 161.40±9.40 Aa
    常山青蒿高剂量组 CQH 6.99±0.47 Bb 287.60±16.27 Cc 38.72±4.48 Cc 20.90±2.18 ABa 150.40±14.87 Aa
    玉屏风加减高剂量组YH 5.83±0.45Cc 370.00±18.08 Bb 49.93±6.40 Bb 22.72±2.80 ABa 163.40±25.67 Aa
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2024-05-10
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